The difference between distribution channels and marketing channels

Kotler believes that marketing channel and distribution channel are two different concepts. He said: "Marketing channel refers to the collection of all enterprises and individuals that a producer cooperates to produce, distribute and consume a certain commodity or service." In other words, a marketing channel includes all enterprises and individuals in the production and marketing process of a certain product, such as resource suppliers, manufacturers, business middlemen, agent middlemen and promoters (also translated as "convenient exchangers" and physical dealers, such as transportation enterprises, public warehouses, advertising agents, market research institutions, etc. ) and the end consumer or user.