What are the factors affecting insulin potency during extraction when extracting insulin from porcine pancreas blocks by acid-alcohol extraction under reduced pressure? How to improve the extraction r

What are the factors affecting insulin potency during extraction when extracting insulin from porcine pancreas blocks by acid-alcohol extraction under reduced pressure? How to improve the extraction rate? The artificial synthesis of insulin is a major achievement in the field of scientific research. At present, it is a pancreatic secretion obtained from pancreatic islets by destroying pancreatic enzymes with acidic ethanol in the fresh pancreas of domestic animals (cattle, sheep, pigs) or fish.

The properties of insulin are as follows: insulin is a white or off-white amorphous powder, easily soluble in dilute acid or dilute alkaline aqueous solution, also easily soluble in acidic (or alkaline) dilute alcohol (80% or less) and dilute acetone aqueous solution, in other anhydrous organic solvents are insoluble. In acidic solution (such as pH3.5) is more stable, in alkaline solution is very easy to inactivate, other factors that can change the structure of the protein, such as heating (800c or more), strong acids, strong bases and proteases, etc. can be destroyed insulin.

Insulin is a small molecular weight protein hormone, its basic structural unit (monomer) molecular weight of nearly 6,000, its dimer molecular weight of 12,000, by four polypeptide bond chain with six disulfide bonds linked together. The physiological efficiency of insulin is closely related to the disulfide bond of this amino acid, and any disulfide bond breakage can make insulin lose its vitality.

Because insulin is a protein, it has general protein properties. In recent decades at home and abroad to produce insulin there are two main methods: one is the "decompression concentration method"; the other is the "ether precipitation method", that is, the acidic ethanol extract after preliminary purification with a large amount of ether to precipitate insulin, and then made into fibers. Insulin is then refined into crystals. As the above two methods are not very satisfactory. In recent years, we have been exploring new methods of preparation, including "alginate adsorption method" is more mature, China has also been successful in trial production, but for industrial production, it is necessary to further improve