On the Basic Features of China's Traditional Political Model

What he said is the Taoist thought of governing by doing nothing.

Confucianism, as the mainstream thought in ancient China, has been integrated into the thoughts and viewpoints of Legalists, Taoists and Buddhists in the long process of development. Therefore, the Taoist thought of governing by doing nothing will be reflected in the rulers' policy agenda and laws, such as the rule of the Sui Dynasty.

Teacher Luo Zhitian said that the traditional political characteristics of China should refer to the political characteristics of the unified dynasty, such as the Tang Dynasty, with Confucianism as the mainstream. These dynasties showed the characteristics of harmony between the monarch and the people and great economic development in the beginning and heyday. These are all directly related to the light tax. As for exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, they generally appear in chaotic times, such as the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the decline of dynasties or dynasties that did not take Confucianism as the mainstream.

As for the excessive three cardinal guides and five permanent members, it is a characteristic of Confucianism, which emphasizes order, including social order and family order. Its purpose is to facilitate the ruler's rule.

One more thing, the ancient people in China refer to adult men, while women and children are in a dominant social position. Therefore, the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members are not suppressing human desires, but suppressing women and children.