Philosophical truths contained in idioms

Aphorisms and quotations idioms allusion to the philosophical truths contained in the following idioms I organize and share, welcome to read !!!!

Philosophical truths contained in idioms

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Speaking of rigidity of thought, in the Lüshi Chunqiu Chajin?

Speaking of rigidity of thought, the story of the Jing man following the table in the The story is typical. The plot of the story is like this: once Chu and Song were fighting. Chu planned to sneak across the Shen River and attack Song. So they sent men to the bank of the river and marked the shallow water where they could cross. Then the river suddenly rose, and it was no longer possible to cross the river on foot. But the army of Chu ignored the change of situation and followed the original plan to cross the river on foot in the middle of the night, following the marked places on the bank of the Luan River. The river was so fast and turbulent that more than 1,000 people were drowned. The soldiers panicked as if their houses had collapsed on them, making a great deal of noise and confusion, really? Jing people are still still guided by the table, this is why it is also defeated?

This story graphically portrays the rigidity of the Chu army. The river is not? The river is not a pool of stagnant water? In fact, anything, are in constant motion in the change, things appear to be a certain relative stability of the state is conditional, with the passage of time, the conditions of change, the original state will change. Sun Wu said: ? The five elements have no constant victory, the four times have no constant position, the day has a short and long, the month has a death and life.? With the Marxist philosophical point of view, that is, the state of existence of specific things, will change with the change of conditions. If people's thoughts do not pay attention to the changes in the specific conditions of the existence of things, do not make corresponding adjustments with its changes, will make the ideas detached from reality, resulting in the rigidity of thought, and thus in the specific action of the error.

The harm of rigidity of thought is great. People do things always have a certain plan, and the correct plan only comes from an accurate analysis of objective things and judgment, which essentially means that the existence of objective things have a correct understanding of the state and conditions. However, objective things are always changing, which requires people to make corresponding changes in their thinking, or else the guiding ideology will become obsolete, thus making the consequences of actions run counter to their wishes. Both individuals and countries are like this, take the country to deal with economic issues: the market supply and demand contradiction is always with the change of specific conditions appear all kinds of specific situations, sometimes is the supply is not enough, sometimes is oversupply. Failure to pay attention to these specific changes, or to apply economic policies aimed at oversupply to the contradictory situation of oversupply, or to apply economic policies aimed at oversupply to the contradictory situation of undersupply, will result in major mistakes in economic decision-making. Of course, the solution of various problems rely on a variety of expertise, but from the above mentioned the danger of rigidity of thought, it shows that the mastery of correct philosophical thinking, can make people in the method of thinking both materialistic and dialectical view of the problem, so as to avoid committing the error of the general method of thought.

Butchering a cow

During the Warring States period, the king of Wei, King Hui of Wei once came to see Butcher slaughtering a cow. Butcher was a famous chef in Wei, and when he dissected the cow, the movements of his hands, feet, shoulders, knees and the rattling of his knife. With music as rhythmic, he effortlessly split the bones and meat of the cow, hand up, clean. King Hui of Wei was so amazed and impressed that he asked him: ? Why is your craftsmanship so high? Butcher replied:? In fact, there is nothing strange about it, because I am already familiar with the structure of the meat and bones of the cow. At first, all I saw in my eyes was a complete cow. After three years of study, what I saw was not a whole cow. Where are the joints, where are the sinews, where do I cut, how much force do I need to use, all of them are in my mind, and I follow the place where the meat and bones meet, and separate them one by one, effortlessly.? He went on to say: ? The knives used by the average cow-slaughterer have to be changed in a month, because their blades often touch the bones, and an able cow-slaughterer can change his knife in a year, because he only uses it to cut inside. But this knife of mine, which I have used for more than ten years and dissected thousands of cows, is still as sharp as a new one, because there is a gap between the meat and the bone, and when I look at it and gently stick the knife in, the meat falls off piece by piece. Of course, when it comes to complex structures, I have to concentrate, be serious and careful to be foolproof.?

The Butcher, in his eyes, not only the complete cow, but also saw the connection between the various parts of the cow. In the objective things, the connection is very general, there are internal, external, inevitable, accidental, essential, lun non-essential since. Of and things internal, stable, necessary, essential connection is the regularity of things. This regularity determines the nature of things, the characteristics of existence and the trend of development, the law is objective, not by human will. Whether we recognize and do not recognize, recognize and do not recognize, beneficial or harmful to us, as long as the conditions exist it is bound to play a role. Therefore, we must correctly recognize the law in the process of work, consciously in accordance with the requirements of the objective law to do capacity. This is the requirement of materialist monism, at the same time, in front of the law people are not completely passive, we can recognize the law, the use of laws to achieve the transformation of nature and society to achieve good results, which is the correct play of human subjective initiative.

Butcher consciously and unconsciously in practice to follow this basic principle, he knew that the cow must be solved according to the cow's own structure to start, can not do it brute force, to follow the law of solving the cow, and in order to solve the cow must be fully play the subjective initiative to practice, to understand. After 20 years of practice, he finally clearly understand the location of the organs of the cow and the characteristics of the bone road, recognize the regularity of understanding the cow, so to be able to swim easily, effortlessly split the cow's bones and meat.

Aphorisms and Quotations Idioms Philosophical Reasoning

Materialism Part

(1) The Nature of the World

1. Suddenly, the spring breeze comes in the night, and thousands of pear blossoms blossom in a thousand trees: the reflection of the human brain on the objective things is subjective and dynamic.

2. The gas, the reason for it; the son does not say strange, force, chaos, God: that the essence of the world is the materialist view of matter.

3. There is nothing outside the mind, existence is perceived, and things are a collection of ideas: the materialist view that the essence of the world is matter.

4. The wise man doubts his neighbors: people's knowledge of things is subject to subjective factors. People must observe things from a correct standpoint.

5. Heaven and earth are in harmony, and everything is self-generated: nature is objective.

6. The fragrance of the horse's hooves on the return of flowers: consciousness is the reflection of the human brain on the objective existence

(B) The dialectical relationship between matter and consciousness

1.

2. If the form exists, God exists, if the form is not, God is extinguished: the materialist view that matter determines consciousness and consciousness is inseparable from matter.

3. According to the map: contrary to the subjectivist view that everything starts from the actual, committing the error of fundamentalism.

4. Pie in the sky: exaggerating the dynamic role of consciousness, not recognizing that consciousness cannot replace matter.

5. Masking: exaggerating the active role of consciousness and violating the objectivity of matter.

6. Where there's a will, there's a way; fullness of purpose, modesty of gain; man's destiny; things are what they are; and mindfulness: consciousness has a reactionary effect on matter.

7. Zhu Geliang Longzhong offer: both the understanding of the past and the future is a reflection of the human brain on the objective things

8.? How bold is man, how productive is the earth? : a wrong consciousness will hinder the development of things

9. A clever woman cannot cook without rice: matter determines consciousness

10. To quench thirst by looking at plums: contrary to the fact that matter determines consciousness

11. Zheng Ren buys shoelaces: contrary to the fact that matter determines consciousness, adheres to the principle of starting from the actuality, and strives for the truth in practical matters

12. The correctness or otherwise of consciousness has a direct relationship with one's standpoint, viewpoint and method of looking at problems.

14. The public say that the public has a reason, the mother-in-law say that the mother-in-law has a reason: consciousness is correct or not, with a person to see the problem of the position, point of view, the method has a direct relationship.

15. Not only the top, not only the book, but only the actual: adhere to all from the actual, seek truth from facts.

(C) the dialectical relationship between the objectivity of the law and the subjective initiative

1.

2. Not according to the rules, not round: the development of things is regular, the play of subjective initiative must respect the objective law.

3. Examining the situation: combining the exercise of subjective initiative with respect for the objective laws and conditions.

4. Chopping wood without lighting the grain, tired of chopping wood; pulling up seedlings to help grow: the play of subjective initiative must respect the objective law, contrary to the objective law will be punished.

5. The eye is not the whole cow; Butchering the cow: grasp the objective law can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

6. There are conditions to be on, there are no conditions to create the conditions should also be on; from each according to his ability, do his best; the revolutionary spirit and scientific attitude combined: adhere to the unity of the play of subjective initiative and respect for the objective law.

7. To order nature, you must obey nature: recognize the objectivity of nature people correctly deal with the relationship between man and nature as a prerequisite, to play the subjective initiative must respect the objective law.

8. To do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools; a clever woman can't cook without rice: the play of subjective initiative is subject to the constraints of objective conditions.

9. Because the wind blows fire; follow the vine to find the melon; push the boat with the water; blistering? Recognize and grasp the law of things, respect the objective law, according to the objective law of doing things, in order to get twice the result with half the effort, receive good results.

10. Pull up seedlings to grow; chopping wood does not light grain, tired of chopping wood people? Against the objective law, will be punished by the law.

12. Do what you can, do your best; plan things, do things in heaven? To play the subjective initiative to respect the objective law of the scientific combination.

13. People will win the day; Yugong Yishan; Jingwei fill the sea; against the current, not to advance or retreat; self-improvement? People have subjective initiative, can recognize the law, use the law, to achieve the purpose of transforming the world.

Dialectics of materialism

(a) the concept of connection

(1) things are universally linked

1. Fresh snow is a sign of a good year; a fire in the city gates is not the same as a fish in the pond; walk not to hand, tied hands can not set the disease; fly not to the tail, flexion of the tail can not be far away; not forgetting the former, the latter can be a guide; lips are dead, teeth are cold: things are universally linked.

2. A single tree does not make a forest; a fence three piles; a good man three help; lotus flowers look good, but also green leaves to support; a leaf to know the autumn; see the slightest knowledge: reflecting things are universally linked.

3. Waiting for rabbits: the phenomenon as the essence, the accidental connection as the inevitable connection of the wrong point of view.

4. Sound and fury: true image and false image, phenomenon and essence.

5. The master leads the door, the practice is in the individual: the diversity of connections (internal and external), internal and external causes

(2) Causal connection

1. A ploughing and a harvest; the lamp is not dialed not bright, the reason is not discerned not clear: the point of view of the causal connection.

2. Save for a rainy day: grasp the causal connection of things, improve the consciousness and foresight of activities.

3. Learning without thinking is confusing, thinking without learning is perilous: possession of perceptual material is a prerequisite for gaining rational understanding, processing and production of perceptual material is the key to obtaining rational understanding, causal linkage has a universal objectivity.

(3) The dialectical relationship between the whole and its parts

1. Flowers are born in the tree and die when they are away from the branches; birds are happy when they are in the forest and sad when they are away from the flock: the parts of a thing cannot be separated from the whole.

2. One wrong move, the whole plate is lost: the key part of the whole thing plays a decisive role.

3. Headache, footache; a leaf blind, do not see Mount Taishan; out of context: cut off the relationship between the whole part of the whole, look at the problem in isolation.

4. Sacrifice the pawn to protect the car: the whole is in a commanding and decisive position, to do things from the overall perspective, to seek the optimal goal.

5 ? A good move, the whole disk is alive? A mistake is a thousand years old? A slight change in the whole body?

6. ? A stone stirs up a thousand waves?

7. A single arrow can make all the difference.

7. This is the moment of truth. "The details are what make the difference"? The details make the difference. ; part of the service to the whole.

7. The disease of one toe, the loss of seven feet of body?

8.? If the country grows, the family grows; if the country breaks, the family dies? A big river is full of water, and a big river is dry without water? The whole embodies the parts.

9. Tianji horse racing: the composition of things in the structure and arrangement of the order of the components of the change, can also cause qualitative changes, when the parts of things in an orderly manner, the whole function is greater than the sum of the functions of the parts.

10. A Penny is difficult to cross the ocean sea, people paddle to start the galleon; a chopstick is gently broken, ten pairs of chopsticks firmly embraced into a group; a slap can not clap, ten thousand people applauded the sound of the heavens; three ignorant cobblers topped a Zhu Geliang; unity is strength: the function of the whole is greater than the sum of the functions of the various parts.

11. A leaf to know the fall; see the micro-knowledge; a glimpse of a spot and know the whole picture; to see the big with the small: through the part to understand the whole.

12. Sitting in a well and watching the sky, the blind man feeling the elephant; a glimpse of the leopard in the tube, when you see a spot: the wrong view of the part as the whole.

(2) the concept of development

(1) the world is eternally evolving

1. Sit on the ground and travel 80,000 miles a day, patrolling the sky to see 1,000 rivers: all things are in motion, change and development, the movement is absolute and unconditional

2. Trees want to be quiet, but the wind does not stop: the material has the objectivity of the movement of things change and development is not subject to the transfer of the will of man.

3. A young man leaves his home to return to the old man, and the accent of his native land does not change his temples. Children do not know each other, laugh and ask where the guests come from; the world is different, things are different, things are different, the preparation for change; Shi Fenzhi three days, scrape the eyes of the new; the old Wang Xie Tangqian Yan, flew into the homes of the common people: everything in the world is the movement of change and development, to use the development of the point of view to see the problem.

4, stubborn, old-fashioned, stick to the old ways; stagnation, small wealth, set in stone; only look at the immediate interests, not long-term interests; only economic benefits, not social benefits; only quantity, not quality; only time, not efficiency; only the scale of the speed, not quality and efficiency; only see the smooth, do not see the setbacks. Reflects the violation of the universality of development

5.? The Yangtze River waves push the front waves?

6.

7. drying up: focusing on immediate interests without regard to long-term interests, and not adhering to the metaphysical view of developmental perspectives on problems.

8. Beginning is the end, and the end is the beginning, if the ring has no end: not seeing that things are constantly moving forward.

9. The grass in the field, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year, the year.

10. Carve the boat to seek the sword; the great original of the Tao out of the sky, the sky does not change, the Tao is also unchanged: the metaphysical point of view with a static point of view to see the problem.

11. Shallow and stubborn: the metaphysical point of view with a static point of view, contrary to the understanding should be constantly deepening, expanding and moving forward.

(2) the trend of development: the unity of forwardness and zigzagging

1. wildfire is inexhaustible, the spring breeze blows again and again; the sinking boat on the side of a thousand sails, the sick tree in front of the ten thousand trees in the spring; the green hills can not cover, after all, the east flow to go: the new is bound to win over the old things.

2. Science has a dangerous obstacle, the bitter fight can pass?

3. The mountains are full of doubt, and the darkness is a village? There are no hurdles in life that can't be overcome; reflecting the forwardness of the development of things

3. Beethoven: ? I want to hold the throat of fate? Beethoven: "I will take fate by the throat"; Shelley: "Winter has come, spring is far away". Winter has come, can spring be far away? ;To suffer is a blessing; Suffering is a treasure of life; Difficulty is like a spring, you are weak it is strong; ? Eat the pain, only a man of the people? The bitter end of the sweet end of the honey; bitter end of the sweet end;? The fragrance of plum blossoms comes from bitter cold. The most important thing to remember is that it's not the same thing as the other way around. If not all the cold bones, where to get the fragrance of plum blossoms?

? How to see the rainbow without experiencing the storm?

4. Good things come in small packages: the development of things is not smooth sailing, is the unity of the forward and zigzag and zagging.

(3) The state of development: quantitative and qualitative changes

1. No step by step, not to a thousand miles, no accumulation of small streams, not to become the river and the sea; the wood that holds together is born in the millimetre; nine layers of the platform, starting from the basement; thousands of miles of travel, begins with a footstep; a toe disease, the loss of the seven feet of the body; Gryllolitre's hole, collapse of thousands of miles of embankment; embankment collapse of the ants, the gas leakage of the pinch; prevention of small and small; Do not be a good little thing, but not to be a good thing. Don't be evil; rope sawing, water dripping stone: quantitative change is the premise and necessary preparation for qualitative change, qualitative change is the inevitable result of quantitative change, the two sides of the contradiction in certain conditions of mutual transformation.

2. A single spark can start a prairie fire? A quantitative change in a matter can cause a qualitative change;

3. Without short steps, you can't make a thousand miles; Without small streams, you can't make an ocean?

3. A horse can't make ten steps without a single leap; an incompetent horse can't make ten steps without a single step. The most important thing is that you can't do anything about it. The end of the embrace, born from the end of the millimeter; Nine-story platform, from the basement; Thousands of miles of travel, began with the first step? The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. The dike of a thousand miles is crushed by the ants of a mole cricket; the room of a hundred feet is burned by the smoke of a sudden break? The first step is to take the first step. Don't be afraid to do what's right, and don't be afraid to do what's good. ; Water dripping stone, rope saw wood broken; three feet of ice, not a day's cold; ten thousand feet high building from the ground; a toe of the disease, the loss of seven feet of the body; prevention of microdrugs; ten years of trees, a hundred years of trees people; a minute on the stage, ten years of work off the stage; the embodiment of quantitative changes in things to be able to cause qualitative changes.

4. It is appropriate to pursue the poor, not to learn from the king: to lose no time to contribute to the qualitative change of things, to promote the development of things.

5.