Review Materials of Modern Chinese Literary History

General Review Materials for the History of Modern Chinese Literature

Chinese Literature entered the 30-year period of rapid development from the May Fourth Literary Revolution to the period of 1917-1949

I. Literature of the 20's represented by the May Fourth Movement in 1917-1927

II. Literature of the 30's with the coexistence of left-wing revolutionary literature and humanist literature in 1928-1937

III. The literature of the 1940s, which began with the national war literature of 1937-1949 as well as the succession and development of the literature of the 1940s

Fill in the blanks:

1. Yan Fu's translations of several Western books introduced some of the major trends of Western thought in the 19th century to China, and The Theory of Acts of God (Huxley's original book, Evolution and Ethics) brought evolutionary thought into China.

2. From 1902 to 1917, 27 magazines (including one newspaper) were founded under the name of "novel. The concepts of "Poetry Revolution", "Literature Revolution" and "Novel Revolution" were all proposed by Liang Qichao.

4. The development of Chinese literature to the Qing Dynasty was characterized by the orthodoxy of poetry and literature, and by the constraints imposed by the ancients on the present.

5. The revolution in poetry had to reach three standards: "The first is a new mood, the second is a new phrase, and the style of the ancients must be incorporated into it, and then it becomes a poem.

6. It was Huang Zunxian who really advocated the revolution of poetry with the face of a poet.

7. Chen Duxiu advocated the renewal of the concept of theater

8. In 1905, the leaders of the Southern Society, Chen Zaitou and Liu Yazi, founded China's earliest theater magazine, the Twentieth Century Stage

9. In 1906, Li Shutong and Tseng Hsiaogu founded the Chunliu Society in Tokyo, Japan

10. The earliest to put forward the idea of "unity of language and literature" is Huang Zunxian

11, from literature on the vernacular or Liang Qichao, he pointed out in the "Novels", "the evolution of literature there is a major key, that is, from the literature of the ancient language into the literature of the common language is also.

12, the real embodiment of the modern view of literature, is Wang Guowei

13, "Song and Yuan Opera Examination," the praise of the Yuan mixed dwellings as "a generation of masterpieces," is "China's most natural literature.

14. In the history of literature, political essays and novels (including translations) are of practical significance to modernization

15. The Nanshe Society, founded in 1909, was the most influential poetic society of the period, featuring anti-Qing Dynasty, and the main characters of which, Gao Xu and Ma Junwu, were the "Poetry Revolutionaries", together with Liang Qichao. The main characters, Gao Xu and Ma Junwu, were the same as Liang Qichao in the "Poetry Revolution".

16. The literary achievements of the first decade after the May Fourth Incident were maximized by the novels

17. Zhang Binglin (1869-1936) was a democratic revolutionary and scholar from Yuhang, Zhejiang Province. Zhang Taiyan profound attainments in Chinese studies, is "a learned revolutionary", the article "invincible, people God Wang". The prominent theme of his writings was to advocate a national democratic revolution against the Manchu and the Qing Dynasty.

18, 1906-1910, the peak of the novels of the late Qing Dynasty, 1907 is the peak of the translated novels, and the prosperity of the creation of the level of synchronization of development.

19, Lin Shu (1852-1924), the word Qinnan, No. Ai Lu, Leng Hongsheng, Fujian Minhou (now Fuzhou), a literary scholar and translator. He translated more than 180 kinds of novels in Europe and America, 12 million words, and his famous translations include The Remains of the Lady of the Camellias in Paris, A Little Biography of Caine, Negro Appeal for Heaven, and Heroes of the Saxon Aftermath.

20. The masterpiece of the folk romance novels is Xu Pillow Asia's "Jade Pear Soul".

21. The most influential characters among the writers of the Mandarin and Butterfly School are Xu Pillowia, Li Hanqiu, Pao Tianxiao, Zhou Shoujuan, and Zhang Henshui, who are known as the "Five Tiger Generals".

22, their "four major" "Jade Pear Soul", "Guangling Tide", "Jianghu Chivalry", "Crowing and Laughing".

23. Modern Chinese literature, marked by the May Fourth Literary Revolution, entered the course of literary modernization.

24. The direct background and driving force of the May Fourth Literary Revolution was the May Fourth New Culture Movement

25. The Youth Magazine was founded in Shanghai in 1915 and was renamed New Youth in September 1916

26. In January 1917, New Youth published Hu Shih's Ruminations on the Improvement of Literature, which was the first person to put forward the idea of improving literature and started from the "eight things", advocating the proximity of the written and spoken languages, and demanding that vernacular literature be "authentic", was "a 'difficult' signal" for the May Fourth Literary Revolution. It was "a 'difficult signal'" of the May Fourth Literary Revolution and the first manifesto of this revolution.

27. Chen Duxiu's "Theory of Literary Revolution" was published in the February 1917 issue of New Youth, which explicitly put forward the "three major doctrines".

28. Literary revolution is first of all a revolution of thought. In May 1985, Lu Xun published his first short story, "The Diary of a Madman"

29. Among the various literary organizations, the most influential and representative are the Literary Research Society and the Creation Society.

30, Lu Xun is the founder of the modern Chinese novel, Lu Xun (1881-1936), a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, formerly known as Zhou Zangshou, the word Yushan. 1918 May, Lu Xun in the New Youth published in the modern history of the epoch-making first vernacular novel, "The Diary of a Madman," marking the beginning of the era of the May Fourth New Literature, the great beginning of the new literary era. 1936 October 19, Lu Xun died in Shanghai. Shanghai.

31. Ye Shaojun (1894-1988), known as Shengtao, was a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, whose long novel Ni Huanzhi (Ni Huanzhi), published in 1928, was of pioneering value as a rare long novel (and his only long novel) in the early period of new literature.

32. Xu Dishan (1893-1941), known by his pen name Luhuasheng, is represented by his first collection of short stories, "The Spider in the Web," which is characterized by its exotic colors, the religious atmosphere of its novels, and the thread of love that runs through the plots of almost all of his novels.

33. Bing Xin (1900-1999), formerly known as Xie Wanying, was a native of Changle, Fujian Province (now Fuzhou City). Love, children's hearts and nature are the three legs of her "Philosophy of Love". Superman" puts forward the problem of "what is life", is Bing Xin's representative work to promote "all-round love" and eulogize the great mother's love. The maiden work "two families".

34. Yu Dafu (1896-1945), known as Wen, a native of Fuyang, Zhejiang Province, was the founder of the Creation Society and the most important novelist. From 1920, when he was writing his novel debut "Silver Gray Death" during his study in Japan, to 1922, when he returned to China, during this period, besides "Silver Gray Death", Yu Dafu also wrote "The Sinking" and "Southward Migration", and these three novels were collected in October 1921 as "The Sinking", which is Yu Dafu's own first, and also the first collection of short stories in the history of modern Chinese literature.

35. Hu Shih (1891-1962) had a collection of poems called Trying to Collect, which was the first collection of new poems in the vernacular in the New Culture Movement.

36. On March 27, 1938, the All-China Association of Literary and Art Circles Against the Enemy (ACALA) was founded in Wuhan, marking the convergence of the various components of the literary and art movements of the second decade (proletarian literature and art, democrat literature and art, liberal literature and art, and even nationalist literature) and the formation of the Literary Nationalist Anti-Japanese Movement, which was to become the first nationalist movement to fight against the Japanese invasion. It formed a national united front against the Japanese in the literary and artistic circles. The slogan of the "Association of Literary Societies", "Articles go to the countryside, articles go to the army", was positively responded to by writers, and the Association of Literary Societies was established as the only national literary organization during the war of resistance.

37. The Riptide Trilogy (including Home, Spring, and Autumn) is a representative work of Ba Jin, especially its first part, Home, which has eternal artistic value.

38. Xu Zhimo (1897-1931), formerly known as Xu Zhangjian, was a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province. His four books of poems: Poems of Zhimo (1925), One Night in Fei Leng Cui (1927), Fierce Tiger Collection (1931), and Cloud Travels Collection (1932).

39. WEN Yiduo (1899-1946), formerly known as Jiahua, a native of Xishui, Hubei, was an important representative of the pre-Crescent Moon School and a founder of the theory of the New Metrical Poetry.

39. He published a long poem in 1931, "The Miracle", and a long poem from 1920 to 1926, "The Miracle", which was a novel of the New Moon School. In 1931, he published the long poem "Miracle", and between 1920 and 1927, he published "Red Candle" (1923) and "Dead Water" (1928). p90 ("The Three Beauties" P92-P3)

40. Guo Moruo (1892-1978), formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, published the collection of poems "The Goddess" in 1921, which not only established Guo Moruo as one of the most important poets in the history of modern literature in China, but also established the role of Guo Moruo in the history of modern literature in China. Guo Moruo's preeminent position in China's modern literary history, but also opened up a new era for new Chinese poetry.

41. Tian Han (1898-1968), formerly known as Tian Shouchang, was one of the founders of the Creation Society and its most important playwright, completing his debut play, Van Eelin and the Rose, in 1920, and his first play to be formally performed was a one-act, three-scene drama, The Spirit of Light

42. Ba Jin (1904-2005), formerly known as Li Yaotang, was known by his first name, Fu Gan, and by the name "Ba Jin". "Ba Jin was his pen name from 1928, when he finished writing Perdition.

43. Shen Congwen (1902-1988) was a native of Fenghuang County, Hunan Province. His original name was Shen Yuehuan. His most famous masterpiece is "Border Town".

44. Zang Kejia (1905-?). Zang Kejia (1905-?) was a poet who came from the door of New Moon Poetry and took in the strengths of various schools of thought. With a cold but passionate pen, he wrote about the far-reaching pain and perseverance, hatred and injustice of the Chinese peasants, opening up a world for new poetry to reflect rural life, and was called the "Poet of the Soil".

45. Dai Wangshu (1905-1950), formerly known as Dai Mengou, was a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He is a famous modern poet and literary translator. His famous work "Rainy Lane" is known as "Poet of Rainy Lane".

46. Hong Shen (1894-1955), together with Ouyang Yuqian and Tian Han, is known as "the three founders of Chinese drama". Hong Shen's Rural Trilogy - Wuguiqiao (1930), the three-act play Fragrant Rice (1931), and the four-act play Qinglongtan (1932)

47. Cao Yu (1910-1996) was a playwright who made an outstanding contribution to the development of modern Chinese theater. The appearance of Thunderstorm and Sunrise marked the maturity of modern Chinese dramatic literature.

48. In 1910, Ren Tianhua organized the establishment of the first professional drama troupe, Evolution Troupe, in Shanghai, with members such as Wang Youyou and Chen Dabei, etc., and the play

49. The Diary of a Madman is the first modern-type short vernacular novel in the history of Chinese new literature, which was published in May 1985 in the New Youth, and which marked a great beginning for the creation of the new May Fourth literature. The True Story of Ah Q is an outstanding creation in the history of modern Chinese novels, and it is also the earliest modern Chinese novel to be introduced to the world.

50. Guo Moruo is the pioneer of modern Chinese historical drama. "The Goddess Trilogy"-"Flowers of Tong Di", "Xiang Tire" (1920), and "The Regeneration of the Goddess" (1921).

51, Zhou Zuoren (1885-1967), a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, was first known as Polaris Shou, Xingpiao. His prose has traditionally been characterized by two styles: impetuous and overpowering, and light.

52. Ding Ling (1904-1986), formerly known as Jiang Bingzhi, also known as Ding Bingzhi, was a native of Linfeng, Hunan Province. Ding Ling was the first female writer in the history of modern Chinese fiction to write with a clear and strong sense of femininity, and was a pioneer of Chinese feminist literature in the 20th century.

53. Zhang Tianyi (1906-1985), formerly known as Zhang Yuanding, also known as Zhi, was originally from Xiangxi, Hunan.

54. Mao Dun (1896-1981), formerly known as Shen Dehong, also known as Yanbing, was a native of Wuzhen, Tongxiang County, Zhejiang Province. Erosion is Mao Dun's debut novel. It consists of three series of middle-grade stories: Disillusionment, Shaken, and Pursuit. The whole work is based on the life experience and spiritual journey of a group of petty-bourgeois intellectual youths before and after the Revolution, and profoundly reveals the contradictions in the revolutionary camp and the class division in the turbulent struggle. The work expresses "the three periods of modern youth in the revolutionary tide: (1) the exuberant excitement on the eve of the revolution and the disillusionment when the revolution is at hand.

(2) Shaking when the revolutionary struggle is intense

(3) After the disillusionment and shaking, they are not willing to be lonely but still want to make a final pursuit

55. Lao She (1899-1966), whose real name was Shu Qingchun, and whose character was Sheyu, was originally from Beijing, and was a member of the Red Banner of the Manchu nationality. His debut novel, Her Failure, was published in May, 1955. The Four Together is a masterpiece of his novels of the 1940s, and Microgods is his only romance novel.

Nouns:

1. The new school of drama performed by the Chunryu-sha in Japan and the Shanghai Chunyang-sha and other performances in which elements of opera permeated the drama were called "civilized drama".

2. The characteristic of civilized opera is that the characters of the "talking old man" type often comment on politics independently of the plot, and the sub-scenes of the play are in accordance with the tradition of the legend, and some off-scene scenes are often performed during the change of scenery.

3. The Literary Research Society (the earliest and most influential) was founded in Beijing in January 1921, with Zhou Zuoren, Zhu Xizu, Jiang Baili, Zheng Zhenduo, Geng Jizhi, Qu Shiyin, Guo Shaoyu, Sun Fuyuan, Shen Yanbing, Ye Shaojun, Xu Dishan, and Wang Tizhao as its founding members. They declared that they would "study and introduce world literature, organize old Chinese literature, and create new literature. In the method of creation, the Literary Research Society emphasized realism against aestheticism and romanticism, with the Novel Monthly as the position, actively advocating literary revolution, reflecting its "for life" purpose.

4. The Creation Society was founded in July 1921 in Tokyo, Japan, with Guo Moruo, Zhang Ziping, Yu Dafu, Cheng Fuguo, Tian Shouchang, Mu Mutian, Zhang Fengju, Xu Zuzheng, Tao Jingsun, and He Ai as its initial members. They founded publications such as Creation Quarterly, Creation Weekly, Creation Day, and Flood. They were mainly inclined to the European Romantic literary trend. At the beginning, they advocated "literature and art" and emphasized that literature must faithfully express the author's own "inner requirements". They emphasized the "wholeness" and "beauty" of literature, respected the "intuition" and "inspiration" of literary creation, and attached more importance to the role of aesthetics in literature. The role of aesthetics in literature was emphasized. His literary activities were bounded by the May 30th Movement in 1925, and in his later years he advocated a revolutionary literature "sympathetic to the proletariat", and his thought was obviously "leftist", and in February 1929, the Creation Society was closed down by the authorities.

5. Founded in November 1924, the weekly magazine Yusi (语丝), which published miscellaneous essays and sketches criticizing the current state of affairs, won the title of "Yusi School" for its advocacy of the humorous "Yusi Style". Lu Xun was known as the main general of the school, and members of the school included Zhou Zuoren, Lin Yutang, Zhang Chuanjima, and Sun Fuyuan.

6, 莽原社, unnamed society was founded in Beijing in the mid-2020s, Lu Xun support for young writers associations, run "Mangyuan", "unnamed"

7, in the winter of 1927, the South China Film and Drama Society was reorganized, formally known as the Southland Society, the Southland Society is from the creation of the Society of the leadership of the creation of the Tien Han founded a comprehensive arts associations to the theater of the achievements and the greatest impact

8, in the summer of 1924, the Southland Society was established, the Southland Society is from the creation of a comprehensive arts associations to the greatest achievements and impact

8. In the summer of 1924, the Crescent Moon Society was founded, initially focusing on theater activities, with Xu Zhimo, Wen Yiduo, Liang Shiqiu, Chen Yuan, Hu Shi, and Yu Shangyuan as its main members.

9. The Crescent Moon Bookstore was founded in Shanghai. They advocated new metrical poetry, and Wen Yiduo advocated "musical beauty (syllabic rhythm), pictorial beauty (diction), and architectural beauty (proportionality and neatness)" in poetry.

10. "The True Story of Ah Q" is an outstanding creation in the history of modern Chinese novels, and it is the first modern Chinese novel that has been introduced to the world. the world.

11, "New Tales" **** there are 8 articles, writing time from 1922 to 1935, lasted 13 years, of which "Mending the Sky", "Running to the Moon", "Casting the Sword" 3 written between 1922-1926, belongs to Lu Xun's works in the early period. And "Rishui", "Caiwei", "Exit", "Non-attack" and "Rise and Fall" were written in 1934-1935, which are Lu Xun's later works. Considered a collection of "myths", legends and historical facts.

12. The problem novel is a product of the collision between the social reality full of contradictions and the creative mentality of the realistic writers who were eager to search up and down, and it is also a product of the combination of the spirit of the May Fourth Enlightenment and the writers' thinking about their lives, which adapted to the needs of the social and spiritual psychology at that time. Representative writers Bing Xin, Ye Shaojun, Xu Dishan, Lu Yin, Wang Tuanzhao and others.

13. The Chinese Poetry Society, organized by the Poetry Group of the Left League, was founded in September 1932, with Pu Feng, Mu Mutian, Yang Sao, and Sen Bao (Renjun) as its founders. In February 1933, it founded the organ publication New Poetry, with the main theme of focusing on the realism of poetry and advocating the popularization of poetry, which is known as the New School of Poetry. It was called the "New Poetry School". The influential poets include Pu Feng, Mu Mutian, Ren Jun, Yang Sao, Wang Yaping, and Liu Qian, etc. The representative - Pu Feng, whose poems are robust and simple, the troubled countryside facing collapse and the fierce anti-imperialist sentiments of the Chinese people are the two major themes of Pu Feng's poems.

14. The July Poetry School is a school of realist lyric poetry formed mainly through the publications July and Hope edited by literary theorist Hu Feng. The main representatives are Lu Qui, Green Plains, A Ridge, Zeng Zhuo, Ludian, Sun Dian, Huatie, Fang Ran and Niu Han.

15. The Nine Leaves School of Poetry, formed in the mid-to-late 1940s, is a school of poetry that combines realism and modernism.

16. Beijing School: a group of liberal writers who continued to operate in Beijing after the center of new literature moved south to Shanghai around the 1930s.

17. Haikai School: In addition to the Haikai commercial literati such as Zhang Ziping, Zeng Jinko, and Zhang Yiping, whom Shen Congwen specifically referred to in that year, the main reference here is to the New Sensibility School, which began to be active in Shanghai in the late 1920s.

18, the modern school refers to Shi Jincun commissioned by the Modern Book Bureau to found the literary publication "Modern", published poems of different styles, but a considerable number of poems featured prominent and eye-catching, from the art to the idea of a number of **** the same tendency.

Hints:

1. The late May Fourth period moved from literary revolution to revolutionary literature

2. Hu Shih advocated "more study of problems and less talk of doctrines" in 1919, and then advocated "organizing the national past" in 1923, which began to deviate from the May Fourth period. In 1923, he advocated the "reorganization of national history" and began to deviate from the spirit of the May Fourth Movement.

3. Lu Xun's vernacular short stories created during the May Fourth period were included in two collections of novels, The Scream, published in August 1923 by the Xinchao Society, and Indecision, published in August 1926 by the Beixin Bookstore.

4. Lu Xun was engaged in a variety of genres of literary creation, but the largest number of his miscellaneous essays, and his thorough anti-feudal spirit is the soul of his miscellaneous essays throughout.

5. Lu Xun's collection of prose poems, Wild Grass, and his collection of essays, Asahi Yushu, are among the finest of modern Chinese prose.

6. The Diary of a Madman uses two methods of writing: realism for the characters and symbolism for the allegory.

7. On the one hand, Lu Xun's novel boldly borrowed the expression of Western novels, and on the other hand, integrated the strengths of traditional Chinese novels, thus creating a new form of modern Chinese novels. Lu Xun's novels, with their profound ideas and exquisite art, have profoundly influenced the development of modern Chinese novels.

8. The problem novel is to raise a kind of problem, to study it by means of a novel, and to beg for a solution.

9. Wang Tizhao's most important novel, Mountain Rain, was published in 1933

10. Lu Xun's collection of prose poems, Wild Grass, was published in 1927, marking the maturity of prose poetry.

11. The intertwining and fusion of exotic colors, religious atmosphere, and clues of love constitute the three main factors that make Xu Dishan's early novels inclined to be romanticized legends. In fact, underneath are the author's deep pain of his life, his sense of family and country, and his good intentions.

12. Bing Xin's problem novels have gone through stages of development around the "Philosophy of Love", from searching for it to proclaiming it, and finally half believing in it, which is the unique melody of Bing Xin's novels.

13. In January, 1923, Bing Xin published her first collection of poems, The Flourishing Star, and in the same year, her collection of short stories and essays, Superman.

14. The publication of The Past in 1927 and The Lost Sheep in 1928 formed a turning point in Yu Dafu's creative direction. He created a new style of modern lyrical fiction or "self-fiction".

15. "The Turnip Seller" is the earliest unrhymed poem in modern China, and "Windowpaper" and "Boredom" are the earliest prose poems in modern China.

16. Zhou Zuoren, Qian Xuantong, Liu Bannong and Hu Shi advocated the establishment of a theory of modern Chinese theater in the course of criticism, which consisted of two aspects: first, the use of theater as a tool for improving life, and second, the promotion of realistic theater.

17. Lu Xun was the first person who tried a lot to create prose poems in modern Chinese literature.

18. An important literary phenomenon in the novels of the 1930s was the emergence of the novel mode of "revolution + love".

19. Zhang Henshui can be regarded as a masterful writer in the history of modern Chinese popular fiction.

Short answer questions:

(1) The basic features of May Fourth literature:

I. The promotion of the spirit of rationality (the role of the May Fourth cultural trend to the nation lies in enlightenment)

II. The mark of the sentimental spirit

III. The pursuit of individuality (May Fourth is the most prominent period of the expression of "individuality" in the history of Chinese literature). "

Fourth: Diversified Exploration of Creative Methods

(2) Artistic Characteristics of Lu Xun's Miscellaneous Writings:

1. He is good at grasping genres, drawing typical images, and combining arguments with images

2. He is good at using vivid and humorous language to develop logical and rigorous arguments

3.

3, good use of association, the phenomena occurring in different time and space will be linked to analyze, enhance the historical background and deep connotation of the work

4, short and concise chapters, the pen and ink condensed and sharp, sharp as a dagger throwing gun

(3) What are the characteristics of the romantic lyrical novels of Yu Dafu's "Sinking," "Out of the Run," and "Late Laurel"?

1. The lyricism of the self. Most of his novels with "autobiography" color, in quite a few works can clearly see the author's personal origin, experience, personality, temperament, upbringing, interpersonal contacts, aesthetic interests. From the early works "Down" to "The Night of the Spring Breeze" and "Mangy Night" to "The Past" and "Late Laurel", none of them does not carry the author's own figure and spiritual temperament. And the first-person subjective narrative angle is especially popular with Yu Dafu, (in all of his more than 50 novels, there are 40 or so that use the first person.)

2, sentimental lyricism. He believed that "the performance of the novel, focusing on feelings," and the word "mood" as a measure of the novel's strengths and weaknesses of the main standard.

3. The structure of the loose culture. His novels both lyrical for the axis and the structure of the plot is lightly, but also inevitably create the novel of the scattered cultural tendencies, such as "Down" although there is no plot clues through the front and back of the protagonist, "his" sense of loneliness, bitterness and sentimental mood is consistent, the formation of the work of the inner cohesion of a force. Therefore, it is regarded as Yu Dafu's masterpiece.

4. The fluent and fresh writing style. His pen with its subjective color, lyrical tendency to fit, pregnant with feelings, rich in color and rhythm, like spring water, flowing clouds, strong sense of flow, rarely use the static strokes of narrative, lyrical, landscape. Such as the exotic sky bright sun ("Sinking"), the ancient capital of the reeds residual light ("Little Spring Weather"), etc., all show the characteristics of "clear, fine, true".

(4) New Literature began with the Literary Revolution and flourished in the 1920s, and the New Literary Movement caused the prosperity of modern prose and determined the main features of modern prose.

Firstly, the discovery of the concept of "human being" in the May Fourth Movement influenced the prose, that is, the expression of individuality, and revolutionized the content of prose.

Secondly, the scope of expression of life was enlarged.

Thirdly, the style of writing was diversified and the expression was free and unconventional.

Fourth, it has been influenced by a wide range of world literature, including the English novels, Montaigne's essays, Nietzsche's aphorisms and aphorisms, Turgenev's prose poems, and Rabindranath Tagore's and Kitchen Chuan Momochi's prose styles in the twenties, all of which directly or indirectly influenced the style of prose in China.

Fifthly, the prose of the early New Literature Movement and the 1920s demonstrated the profound learning of the prose writers, and reached a high level of achievement in thought and art.

(5) Four characteristics of the new humanist view of literature:

1. fundamentally foreign influence

2. esteeming emotion and belittling reason

3. adopting an impressionistic attitude towards life

4. advocating conversion to nature and focusing on originality

Dissertation questions:

(1) What is the characterization of AQ? What is the characterization of AQ, what kind of a character is he, and what is his significance?

The characterization of Ah Q:

Ah Q Zheng Zhuan is an outstanding creation in the history of modern Chinese novels, and it is also the earliest modern Chinese novel to be introduced to the world. And Ah Q is considered to be a backward and unenlightened peasant figure with psychopathy.

(2) A discussion of Guo Moruo's poetry collection, The Goddess. (P97--103)

The first mature collection of poems, representative of the spirit of the May Fourth Movement, breaking through barriers, calling for freedom, pantheism

(3) Understanding of The Night of the Son P172--177 (Wu Sunfu)

(3) Understanding of The Night of the Son P172--177 (Wu Sunfu)

(4) Understanding of The Goddess of the Sea. p>

(4) Understanding of Camel Xiangzi P184--189

Artistic Achievements - Characters - Xiangzi, Tigress

(5) Characters of Ba Jin's masterpiece "Home": Gao Juexin, Juehui P197

(6) Lao She's creative path

(7) Shen Congwen's creative features "Border Town" P210--212

(8) Characteristics of Dai Wangshu's poetic creation P216 --219

(9) The significance and contribution of Cao's drama P242

(10) Cao Yu's "Thunderstorm" Zhou Puyuan directly caused a 30-year conflict between 2 families

Characters: (Zhou Puyuan, Shuangyi) Focus, Zhou Ping, and Lu's mom

The first decade associations:

Literary Research Society P23; Creation Society P24; Crescent Moon Society P80;

The second:

Founding of the Left League P132; Chinese Poetry Society P213; New Sensationalism P158; Modernism P215; Northeastern Writers' Group P203

The third:

Literature Association P255; July Poetry School P293 ; Nine Leaves Poetry School P300

Works that had a greater impact in the 1930s include:

Mao Dun's "Eclipse" (including three middle-grade stories, "Disillusionment," "Shaken," and "The Quest"), "The Night of the Son"

Ba Jin's "Extinction," the "Love Trilogy" (including three middle-grade stories, "The Mist," "The Rain," and "The Electricity"), "Home," "Spring," "Autumn," "The Autumn in Spring", "Snow", "New Life", "Sanding"

Lao She's "Cat Town", "Xiangzi Camel", and "Divorce"

Ye Shaojun's "Ni Huanzhi"

Wang Tuanzhao's "Rain on the Mountain"

Lu Yan's "The Angry Countryside"

Chiang Kwang-chi's "The Roaring Land"

Jiang Guang-chi's "February"

Ding Ling's Wei Ngu

Shen Congwen's ah Biancheng

Xiao Jun's August Countryside

Xiao Hong's The Field of Life and Death

Li Jieren's Dead Waters, etc.

Influential Trilogy Works

Mao Dun's Eclipse Trilogy, The Rural Trilogy (which includes Spring Silkworms, Autumn Harvest, The Remains of Winter)

Ba Jin's Riptide Trilogy (including Home, Spring, and Autumn) and Love Trilogy

Li Jieren's Big Wave series (including Dead Water, Before the Storm, and Big Wave), etc.

These trilogies have been influential in many ways.