Guangmingyou+Cup allows young people to understand China series of activities Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Competition Paper Answers

1. Fill in the blanks

1. When heaven moves in a healthy way, a gentleman should (constantly strive for self-improvement).

2. Misfortunes come, (happiness depends on it); blessings come, (Misfortune lies ahead).

3. The old and the old are harmonious (people are old); the young and young are harmonious (people are young), and the world can be carried in the palm of the hand.

4. The clothes are getting wider (I won’t regret it in the end), and I (disappear) haggard.

5. Rocks (pierce through the sky), rough waves (beat the shore), (roll up) thousands of piles of snow.

6. In 104 BC, Sima Qian began to write ("Historical Records"). The whole book is divided into five parts ("Benji", "Family", "Biography", "Table", "Book") , recorded a history of (3000) years, *** (130) volumes, (526500) words.

7. Along the River During the Qingming Festival is a representative of the genre paintings of the Northern Song Dynasty, the author (Zhang Zeduan). It depicts the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty The scenery on both sides of the Bianjing River during the Qingming Festival vividly records the urban life in China in the 12th century, which is unique in the history of painting in my country and the world.

8. With Wanli The Great Wall, the Egyptian Pyramids, and the Indian Buddha Pagoda are also known as one of the four most magnificent ancient projects in the world. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through four provinces (Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang), with a total length of about (1,700) kilometers, branching out With a history of more than 2,500 years, it is the earliest man-made canal in the world with the longest route and the largest project.

2. Short answer

1. What is Chinese traditional culture?

Answer: China’s traditional culture is a kind of national culture that reflects the characteristics and style of the nation and is a collection of civilization evolution. It is an overall representation of various ideological cultures and conceptual forms in the history of the nation. Chinese traditional culture takes Confucianism as its core, as well as Taoism, Buddhism and other cultural forms.

2. Where did the twenty-four solar terms come from? Does he still have value today in the 21st century?

Answer: The twenty-four solar terms are an original cultural heritage created by the working people of our country. They can reflect seasonal changes, guide agricultural activities, and affect the food, clothing, housing, and transportation of thousands of households. Since most of my country's main political activity centers have been concentrated in the Yellow River Basin since 2000, the twenty-four solar terms were established based on the climate and phenology of this area. Yes, it plays a role in knowing the agricultural year.

3. What is the symbol of the world-famous Dunhuang murals? What are its characteristics?

Answer: Symbol: Feitian. Features: In terms of shape. The images of lay people are full of life and the characteristics of the times are more vivid; while the images of gods change less and have more imagination and exaggeration. In terms of technique, Dunhuang murals inherited the deformation techniques of traditional painting and skillfully created various figures, animals and plant images.

4. The famous scholar Yu Qiuyu believes that the most exciting project in Chinese history is not the Great Wall, but Dujiangyan. Do you agree? Why?

Answer: Agree, because the Great Wall has lost its protective significance today, but Dujiangyan is still delivering clear springs to the Land of Abundance. Agreed in a practical sense.

3. Composition

Social etiquette is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. During the days and nights of earthquake relief, there are some unforgettable scenes: a 3-year-old child in Beichuan The boy Lang Zheng raised his hand to salute the armed police uncle who rescued him on a stretcher. The national flag was half-hanging in front of Tiananmen Square, and the candlelight in the hands of college students who were vigilant. This is etiquette and civilization, which embodies people's noble emotions-----gratitude, mourning, remembrance, Reverence. Please write a story praising the civilization and etiquette of the Chinese nation. Choose your own title, no less than 600 words.

Tips: The Chinese nation has a 5,000-year history of civilization and a long and splendid culture. How many stories about civilized etiquette have been passed down to this day, and how many historical figures have been immortalized for this reason. In the historical changes of today's market economy, many people have forgotten the good virtues they should have and turned to worshiping money and material things. People seem to be becoming more and more indifferent to each other. There is more "self-protection" in communication and less understanding, respect, mutual help and friendship. friend! Please let down your guard and be civilized and polite.

■Sincere friendship

Sincere friendship is a noble moral emotion. Therefore, we must establish the concept of "having others in our hearts" and be friendly and united with classmates. Students must treat each other as equals and respect each other. Every word and deed must be based on the desire for unity. Always say hello when you meet classmates. There are many ways to say hello, including saying hello, nodding, smiling, waving or calling your name, etc. Be enthusiastic and sincere. Love others with your sincerity, and you will surely receive sincere returns from others.

■Mutual respect

Every student needs to be cared for and respected by others. The first is to respect the personality of others. Ridiculing, insulting, and giving nicknames to classmates not only hurt their self-esteem, but also insulted their personality. They are in poor taste, very impolite and immoral. Secondly, respect the living habits of others. The living habits of each student are developed since childhood and are the result of subtle influences from family education and the surrounding environment. Respecting other people's living habits is equivalent to respecting other people's personality.

■Collective consciousness

Everyone is inseparable from the collective, just like a drop of water is inseparable from the vast rivers and seas. Therefore, each of our classmates must have a collective consciousness. In collective life, we must take the overall situation into consideration, abide by rules and regulations, and do not have our own way of doing things. When you give, you will also gain respect from society and others.

■Good at talking

Conversation is one of the main forms of communication between classmates. Communication can increase understanding, friendship and mutual knowledge among classmates. Students should pay attention to some issues when talking among themselves: 1. The speaking attitude should be sincere and modest, the tone should be calm, and no pretentiousness should be allowed. 2. When talking, strive to be elegant in language and pay attention to the appropriateness of the occasion. 3. When joking, you should be careful to say what you should say and don't say what you shouldn't. When listening to classmates, you should be serious and do not interrupt others easily. If you want to interrupt or ask questions, you should choose the appropriate time. If a classmate speaks inappropriately or makes a mistake, you should be sincere and tactful without hurting the classmate's self-esteem. pointed out. Arguing, calling others names and saying unpleasant things are uneducated behaviors and a sign of disrespect.

Say hello beforehand and ask permission from others.

■Helping others

Helping others is one of the traditional virtues of our Chinese nation and an indispensable part of campus etiquette. When a classmate needs help, he should distinguish right from wrong and clarify the situation. If it is right, he should do his best, within his ability, and help him. Avoid turning a blind eye or ignoring him. If you are asked to commit fraud or violate school discipline, you must have a correct view of right and wrong and not join in the others. Don't force others to help you when you need help. Learn to put yourself in others' shoes. Try not to cause difficulties or even trouble for others. (Li Ning, President of Beijing Institute of Etiquette)

A mother was riding a bicycle with her young daughter approaching. The child accidentally dropped the biscuit in his hand to the ground. The mother immediately stopped the car and said softly to her daughter: "Come on, let's throw it into the trash can." Then she took the child down and the two of them bent down to pick up the broken biscuits on the ground. Just this ordinary scene reminds people of a saying: Quality is a habit. Think about it, don't you? No matter how civilized the mother or her future children are, the answer is already in this detail.

The story of civilized etiquette:

1. Unity and friendship - the calm Liu Mingchuan

Liu Mingchuan, the governor-general of the Qing Dynasty stationed in Taiwan, was a major contributor to the construction of Taiwan. It was he who supervised the construction of Taiwan's first railway. There is a thought-provoking story about Liu Mingchuan's appointment: when Li Hongzhang recommended Liu Mingchuan to Zeng Guofan, he also recommended two other scholars. In order to test which of the three of them had the best character, Zeng Guofan deliberately invited them to Zeng's mansion for an interview at a certain time. But when the appointed time came, Zeng Guofan deliberately did not show up and asked them to wait in the living room, but secretly observed their attitudes carefully. The other two seemed very impatient and kept complaining; only Liu Mingchuan was quietly and calmly admiring the calligraphy and paintings on the wall. Later, Zeng Guofan asked them about the calligraphy and painting in the living room, and only Liu Mingchuan could answer it. As a result, Liu Mingchuan was recommended as the governor of Taiwan.

Note: People who are impatient must lack the spirit of perseverance and perseverance to overcome all difficulties, and naturally they will not be able to accomplish anything great. If we hope to make a difference in the future, we must first hone our patience and perseverance.

2. Kong Rong lets pears

Kong Rong (153-208), a native of Lu (now Qufu, Shandong), was a famous writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the seven sons of Jian'an. His literary creations were highly praised by Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi. According to historical records, Kong Rong was not only very smart when he was young, but he was also a model of brotherly etiquette, mutual help and friendship.

When Kong Rong was four years old, he often ate pears with his brother. Every time, Kong Rong always took the smallest pear. Once, my father saw it and asked: "Why do you always take the small one instead of the big one?" Kong Rong said: "I am the younger brother and the youngest. I should eat the small one and give the big one to my brother." Let’s go!”

Kong Rong understood the principles of courtesy, mutual help, unity and friendship between brothers and sisters at a young age, which surprised the whole family. Since then, the story of Kong Rong letting the pear go has been passed down for thousands of years and has become a model of unity and friendship.

3. Cheng Men Li Xue

The story "Cheng Men Li Xue" comes from "History of Song Dynasty·Biography of Yang Shi": "When I saw Cheng Yi in Luo, he was forty years old. Yes. One day I saw Yi, who was sitting in silence. When Yi woke up, the snow outside the door was one foot deep. Scholars Yang Shi and You Ye came to Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi for advice. Yang Shi and You Zuo originally had Cheng Hao as their teacher. After Cheng Hao passed away, they were already forty years old and had passed the Jinshi examination. However, they still had to go to Cheng Yi to continue their studies. The story happened on the day when they first came to Songyang Academy to pay homage to Cheng Yi.

According to legend, one day Yang Shi and You Zuo came to Songyang Academy to meet Cheng Yi, but they met Mr. Cheng with his eyes closed, sitting up and pretending to sleep. At this time, it started to snow outside.

The two people were eager to ask for help, so they stood aside respectfully without saying a word. After waiting for a long time, Cheng Yi slowly opened his eyes and saw Yang Shi and You Ye standing in front of him. He was surprised and said: " Ah, ah! Are the two of them still here?" At this time, the snow outside the door was already more than a foot thick, but Yang Shi and You Ye didn't look tired or impatient at all.

This story is called "Cheng Men Li Xue" and was widely circulated among scholars in the Song Dynasty. Later, people often used the idiom "Cheng Men Li Xue" to express students' respect for their teachers and their sincerity in learning.

4. Sending Goose Feathers A Thousand Miles Away

The story of "Sending Goose Feathers A Thousand Miles Away" happened in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, in order to express his support for the Tang Dynasty, the leader of a minority group in Yunnan sent a special envoy, Mian Bogao, to donate swans to Taizong.

While passing by the Mianyang River, the kind-hearted Mian Bogao released the swan from the cage and wanted to give it a bath. Unexpectedly, the swan spread its wings and flew high into the sky. Uncle Mian hurriedly reached out to catch it, but only managed to pull out a few goose feathers. Uncle Mian was so anxious that he stamped his feet, beat his chest, and howled loudly. The followers advised him: "It has flown away, and there is no point crying. It is better to think of a remedy." After thinking about it, Mian Bogao could only do this.

When he arrived in Chang'an, Mian Bogao met with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and presented him with gifts. When Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty saw that it was an exquisite satin bag, he asked someone to open it and found a few goose feathers and a small poem. The poem says: "Swans pay tribute to the Tang Dynasty. The mountains are high and the road is far away. The treasure is lost in the Mianyang River and falls to the ground crying. The Holy Emperor can spare Burmese Bogao. The courtesy is light but the affection is heavy. Goose feathers are sent thousands of miles away." Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was inexplicable. Burmese Bo Gao immediately told the whole story. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said repeatedly: "It's so precious! It's so precious! Sending goose feathers thousands of miles away is a light gift but a heavy sentiment!"

This story embodies the valuable virtue of integrity of the gift-giver. Today, people use the metaphor of "sending goose feathers from thousands of miles away" to describe a gift that is thin but the affection is extremely strong.