How to teach Chinese Pinyin well? (The respective emphases of China students and foreign students)

(Look at the Pinyin teaching of the New People's Education Edition, which can be used for reference. )

The Golden Idea of Pinyin Teaching in Grade One

The origin of Chinese characters has a long history and is profound. The key to truly leading and understanding Chinese characters is Chinese Pinyin. Only by mastering hanyu pinyin and having this key can we open the door to a wide range of Chinese characters.

The new curriculum standard puts forward teaching requirements for Chinese Pinyin: it is helpful for reading, reading and learning Mandarin. Spell syllables accurately and skillfully. You can call it a syllable directly if you can. Gradually improving the requirements of Chinese Pinyin also shows that Chinese Pinyin in primary schools is extremely important. In order to adapt to teaching, I have been devoted to research. Because I have taught the first grade for many times, every time I teach Chinese Pinyin, I will have different understandings, different feelings, different experiences and different gains. So I give my golden ideas to my colleagues who are rooted in pinyin teaching for teachers' reference.

First, learn pinyin in kind.

Physical object, that is, the practical application of physical object. It is not suitable for students to understand the pronunciation and writing of pinyin from what they know, killing two birds with one stone. For example, when beginners learn the vowel I, let students know what they are wearing-clothes, then look at what their clothes look like, and then describe what they are: some say button clothes, buttons represent the point of I, the distance between buttons represents vertical, and the pronunciation also reads "clothes"; There are also brushed clothes, the long picture is "∣" and the zipper is "". The students taught themselves "I" and learned different clothes. The teacher will prompt you to learn the four tones of I in time. Isn't this killing two birds with one stone? Not only did I know the real thing-clothes, but I also learned pinyin. In pinyin teaching, there are many examples of learning pinyin with objects. Such as learning ɑ, о, е, ü, etc.

Second, use cards to recognize pinyin.

Card is a common method to identify pinyin, and it is also very flexible. It can be made by teachers, students, teachers and students together, and students can cooperate with each other. In the process of making cards, teachers teach students how to learn pinyin, and also let students learn how to learn pinyin. For example, after learning six vowels, let the students go home and make their own cards, or several students can do them together. In this way, in the process of making, we not only reviewed the six vowels A, O, E, I, U, U, but also let the students master the methods of writing and reading, so that they have a sense of cooperation, and also exercised their skills of using their hands and brains and making cards.

Third, use vivid illustrations to identify pinyin.

"Chinese Curriculum Standard" points out that teaching materials should conform to the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, adapt to students' cognitive level, and closely connect with students' experience world and imagination world, which is helpful to stimulate students' interest in learning and innovative spirit. The new experimental textbook of PEP is novel, colorful and fresh. Therefore, as soon as students pick up the textbooks, they feel fondly attached. They like beautiful pictures and illustrations best. The first lesson A, O, E, the second lesson I, U, U, create a scene map, each scene map is a vivid story. When telling these vivid pictures, you will pronounce A, O, E, I, U and U. In this way, combining abstract pinyin letters with vivid and concrete story lines is both interesting and easy to learn, not boring or monotonous.

Fourth, learn pinyin with children's songs.

Many children's songs are interspersed in the new experimental textbook of People's Education Edition to learn pinyin. This also adapts to the characteristics of children, and children can easily have a strong interest in catchy nursery rhymes. In these melodious children's songs, students feel particularly relaxed in learning. You can learn nursery rhymes first and understand the pronunciation and writing of pinyin in nursery rhymes; You can also learn pinyin reading and writing first and then consolidate it in children's songs. For example, when teaching the spelling of J, Q, X and U, you can learn their spelling with U's politeness. Xiao ü is a good boy, sensible, obedient and polite. When he met his good friends J, Q and X, he took off his hat and smiled hand in hand. In this way, I learned knowledge and mastered spelling methods and spelling methods in the subtle influence of children's songs. When they are together, they don't have those two points (that is, the little hat), and they also have a kind of humanistic education that is polite to people.

Fifth, master Pinyin in the game.

In teaching, various games can be used to create a pleasant learning atmosphere for students, so that students can learn pinyin and master pinyin in games. If the package is delivered, pass the card with the prepared drum and pass the card at the same time. When the drum stops, whoever has heard it will read it out in one gulp. If you read wrong, let everyone teach him; He is right, let him teach you, let everyone follow, and everyone will raise their hands and say, "Hey, hey, you are great!" " "Find a friend, for example, when teaching the spelling of initials and finals, you can write the initials and finals on cards separately, let the students play the role and sing the song" Find a friend ",so that students can freely combine and see who can find it quickly and well and read it accurately and loudly. In addition, there are many games, such as picking stars (apples), driving a train, guessing syllables or sounds with children's songs, sending pinyin babies home, matching, etc., which can arouse students' interest. Under the influence of lively interest in learning, students take the initiative to perceive things, with active thinking, rich imagination and high emotions, so as to master and use pinyin in the game.

6. Learn Pinyin with Chinese characters.

As we all know, only by learning Pinyin can we know Chinese characters. How is it possible to learn pinyin with Chinese characters? This also requires mastery, mutual trust and mutual learning. In the eyes of students, most of them are exposed to Chinese characters in their lives. Human speech, animal sounds, the sounds of various cars and objects, and so on. Students can use what they hear and see in daily life to learn Pinyin, so that they can learn it quickly and remember it firmly, realize the transformation from "learning" to "learning", and consciously use the methods they have mastered to learn Pinyin skillfully. For example, when you study, when you hear people say that you eat fish, you will think of fish in the river and spit bubbles. In this way, students can not only see the fish dancing, but also hear people say "eat fish". With the combination of sound and image, learning will be handy.

Seven, learn pinyin with body language.

Although this method is not commonly used, it can be used in many places, and it can also make students remember twice and make them forget it. For example, when learning the comparison between B and D, P and Q, students can draw in different directions with their little fists and thumbs, so that they can find out the similarities and differences between B, D, P and Q, and they can also let their deskmate and two children perform a physical game on stage: "Playing a telescope game". The thumb and forefinger of both hands are bent together and the other three fingers are straight. Then put the thumb and forefinger of both hands against each other, put them on the side of the eyes and look out. Say: bbb, ddd, look at the left eye bbb, look at the right eye ddd, and remember them at a glance. When comparing P and Q, let the two students meet face to face, bow to each other, and sing: P, P, polite, Q, Q, polite at the same time. When we meet, we nod, nod and be in high spirits. In addition, there are actually many, such as: m n u and so on. These can be used anytime, anywhere, regardless of time and place, and it is not difficult. Everyone can do it with joy and passion. This is the real learning and learning fun.

Eight, let students explore cooperative learning pinyin.

This method can only be implemented after students master some spelling methods in front of them. For example, after learning the pronunciation of Ba, students can read its four tones flexibly. When learning bo, bi and bu again, we can adopt the learning method of independent inquiry and cooperative learning, so that students can try to spell first and then discuss and communicate in groups. Some students understand quickly and can spell it fluently by themselves. At this time, some students can spell, some can spell, and some can hardly spell. At this time, the teacher corrected some wrong pronunciations with proper inspiration and instruction. Let the students study together in groups. The good helps the poor, and the poor follows the good. The students helped and cooperated with each other, and the whole classroom was filled with the sound of reading. In this way, students learn happily and teachers teach easily. Why not?

Let students be "little teachers" to learn pinyin.

Students have a desire to express themselves. Every student shows a strong desire in class. Using them to learn pinyin is fast and accurate. Every student is very serious when studying, and being a "little teacher" is still like that. When learning three-syllable divination, I asked the students to review the ga reading method first, and then let the students try to spell it, and the teacher guided them from the side.

Students can learn to spell in a short time, and then let each group cooperate to learn, help each other and supervise spelling. Afraid of making a fool of themselves on stage, they read with relish in the group. Then invite the little teacher to teach on stage. These little teachers are still holding out their chests and teaching sticks. They are serious and teach clearly. There will also be ways for students to learn. Read in groups, choose one person to read, read in groups until everyone laughs. This method not only exercises students' courage and cultivates their ability, but also makes students realize the cooperative spirit that only by studying together can they make progress together.

There is no fixed method for teaching. Only by fully, flexibly and appropriately applying these golden ideas of pinyin teaching, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and really learning Chinese pinyin well can we get twice the result with half the effort and lead Chinese pinyin teaching into a practical new realm.