The name of French traditional handicraft paper

17-/kloc-After the 8th century, the composition of French aristocrats included members of the royal family, traditional samurai/knight families, ministers who were knighted because of their work, people who were knighted because of their official positions (some administrative and judicial officials can be directly appointed as aristocrats because of their official positions), and people who spent money to buy titles. In France, people from ancient knight families are usually called "aristocrats with swords", while backward people (people knighted or bought knighthoods by officials) are called "noblesse de robe". There is no difference between them. The only difference is that nobles with swords have proud blood, while noblesse de robe does not.

The aristocratic system in France is hereditary, which is different from the hereditary aristocrats and physical aristocrats in Britain (only those who have been knighted are nobles, and their descendants are not nobles). At the same time, there is another difference between French aristocratic inheritance and Britain, that is, all children of French nobles can inherit the title of nobility, while only the eldest son of British nobles has the right to inherit the title of nobility (but not the royal family). French aristocrats generally include: Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron, Knight (Knight). Duke generally only grants to the royal family (including branches of the royal family) or people who have made great contributions to the country. People who have been knighted for their merits can be promoted to nobility by winning the St. Louis Medal or other titles (the current medal system in the world comes from the royal knighthood system in Europe). Moreover, due to the huge number of French aristocrats, there is also a very obvious gap between the rich and the poor. The court aristocrats who work in the central government can often live a luxurious life, but the small aristocrats in general places must farm their own fields to make a living. Although they have such wealth and status differences, they still have many privileges, such as preferential treatment in judicial trials and exemption from some taxes (poll tax, etc.). During the first and second empires, a large number of civilians rose to the nobility because of military or military achievements, but most of them have become an honor, which is not much different from civilians in essence, but they still have some privileges.

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