Do you know anything about whisky?

Scotch whisky is one of the three major distilled spirits, produced in Maotai Town, renhuai city, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China, and French cognac. Whisky has been produced in Scotland for 500 years, and its products are unique in style, reddish brown in color, clear and transparent, with a burnt smell and a certain smoky smell, and have a strong Scottish local flavor. Scotch whisky is one of the best whiskies in the world, because it tastes dry, mellow, full of energy, round and soft. The main criterion for measuring scotch whisky is the sense of smell, that is, the smell of wine. Scotch whisky can be divided into three types: single malt whisky, grain whisky and mixed whisky. At present, the world's most popular, largest output, but also the most brands of mixed whisky. 60% of the raw materials for blending scotch whisky come from grain whisky, and the rest are malt whisky. Scotch whisky is restricted by English law: all whiskies brewed and mixed in Scotland can be called Scotch whisky. Its technical feature is that malt is dried with local peat as fuel, and then crushed, boiled, saccharified and fermented, distilled by a pot distiller to make about 70% colorless whiskey, which is then put into oak barrels with charred inside and stored for five years or even longer. Many brands of whisky have been stored for more than ten years. Finally, after blending, the finished product with an alcohol content of about 40% is made out of the factory. Scotch whisky is world-famous for the following reasons: firstly, the climate and geographical conditions of the famous whisky producing areas in Scotland are suitable for the growth of barley; Secondly, there is a kind of coal called peat in these places, which will give off a unique smoky smell when burned. Peat is formed by long-term decay and carbonization of local endemic bryophytes. In the traditional process of making whisky in Scotland, this peat is required to bake malt. Therefore, one of the characteristics of Scotch whisky is its unique peat smoke aroma. Thirdly, Scotland is rich in high-quality mineral water, which lays the foundation for the dilution and blending of wine. Finally, Scots have traditional brewing techniques and strict quality management methods. There are four major whisky producing areas in Scotland, namely, highland in the north, lowland in the south, Kang Bei town in the southwest and Hisler in the west. There are about 100 single malt whisky wineries in the northern highland producing area, accounting for more than 70% of the total number of Scottish wineries. It is the most famous whisky producing area in Scotland. The pure malt whisky produced in this area has a light and mellow taste. There are about 10 single malt whisky distilleries in the southern lowlands. This area is the second most famous whisky producing area in Scotland. Besides malt whisky, it also produces mixed whisky. Kang Bei Town, located in the south and southwest of Scotland, is the producing area of traditional scotch whisky. ? Eli, a scenic western island, is located in the Atlantic Ocean. Eli Island has a long history of brewing whisky. What is the output?

Our whisky has a unique taste and aroma, and its blended whisky is very famous. There are many kinds of scotch whisky, which can be divided into three categories according to the different raw materials and brewing methods: single malt whisky, grain whisky and blended whisky. 1. Puller malt whisky is a distilled liquor made only from barley. Single malt whisky is made from barley malt roasted on open-air peat and distilled by pot distiller. Generally, after two distillations, the alcohol content of distilled liquor reaches 63.4 degrees, aged in special charcoal-burning oak barrels and diluted with water before bottling. This wine has a rich peat flavor. According to the regulations, the limitation time is at least three years. Generally, wine aged more than five years can be drunk. Wine aged seven to eight years is finished wine, and wine aged ten to twenty years is the best quality wine. However, the quality of wine aged for more than 20 years will decline. Single malt whisky is deeply loved by Scots, but only 10% of it is sold directly because of its strong taste, and the rest is used as the original wine when blending mixed whisky. So it is rarely exported. Famous brands are: 2. Grain Whiskey Grain Whiskey uses a variety of grains as brewing raw materials, such as oats, rye, barley, wheat and corn. Grain whiskey only needs one distillation, and it is mainly produced with unmalted barley and malt as saccharifying agent. The difference between it and other whiskies is that most barley does not germinate and ferment. Because most barley doesn't germinate, it doesn't need to be baked with a lot of peat, so the taste of peat after drinking the whole grain whisky is correspondingly less, and the taste is much softer and more detailed. Grain whisky is mainly used to blend other whiskies and gin, and rarely retails in the market. 3. Blending whiskey Blending whiskey, also known as mixed whiskey, refers to the blending of pure malt whiskey and mixed whiskey. Blending is a highly technical job, and the blending of whisky is mastered by the blender. When blending, we should not only consider the ratio of single malt whisky to grain whisky, but also consider the aging year, origin and taste of various blended liquors. The first step of blending is blending. When blending, technicians only smell with their noses and never taste with their mouths. When you are confused, put a little wine on the back of your hand, and then smell it carefully to identify it. The second step is preparation, and the prepared dosage formula is confidential. According to the dosage, different varieties are injected into a mixer (or mixed by high-pressure spray), then dyes (mostly maltose) are added, and finally the mixture is aged and stored in a barrel. After blending, the smoky smell of whisky is diluted, the smell is more attractive, and it combines rich malt and delicate grain flavor, so it sells well all over the world. According to the proportion of single malt whisky and grain whisky, blended whisky can be divided into ordinary type and advanced type according to the proportion of single malt whisky in its liquor. Generally speaking, single malt whisky with dosage of 50-80% is high-grade blended whisky; If grain whisky accounts for a large proportion, it is ordinary whisky. At present?

Most whiskies sold all over the world are mixed whiskies. The common packaging capacity of scotch whisky is between 700 ml and 750 ml, and the alcohol content is about 43%. ?

Irish whiskey as a coffee companion has been quite familiar to people, and its unique flavor is the main reason for its popularity. Ireland has been producing whisky for at least 700 years. Some authorities believe that whisky originated in Ireland and later spread to Scotland. Irish people have a strong national independence, and even whisky is written differently from scotch whisky. The main raw materials for Irish whisky production are barley, oats, wheat and rye, of which barley accounts for about 80%. Irish whiskey is distilled three times in a tower still and then aged in barrels. The general aging time is 8- 15 years, so the maturity is relatively high. When bottling, it needs to be blended and diluted with water to ensure the inertia of its taste. In the past, in order to avoid the exorbitant wine tax, many Irish people secretly opened wine shops, so people often called Irish whiskey "Potting Whisky" (note: "Gun Hall" is a small mobile retort. ) Irish whisky and scotch whisky are made in the same way. The former mostly retains the ancient brewing technology, and the malt is not dried with peat, but with anthracite. The most obvious difference between the two is that Irish whiskey has no smoky burnt taste and its taste is soft and long. Irish whiskey is more suitable for mixed wine, mixed with other drinks (such as Irish coffee). The degree of Irish whisky in the international market is around 40 degrees. ?

America is one of the famous whisky producing countries. It is also the largest whisky consumer in the world. According to statistics, the average American adult drinks 16 bottles of whisky every year, which is unmatched by any country in the world. Although the history of whisky brewing in the United States is only over 200 years, its products keep up with the market demand and the types of products are constantly being refurbished, so American whisky is very popular with people. American whiskey is famous for its high-quality water, mild wine and the smell of blackened oak barrels, especially American bourbon (also known as bourbon) is world-famous. There is nothing special about the brewing method of American whiskey, but the grain raw materials used are different from other kinds of whiskey, and the alcohol purity of distilled liquor is also low. Pennsylvania, Kentucky and Tennessee in the western United States are whiskey manufacturing centers. American whiskies can be divided into three categories: 1. Pure whisky is made from corn, rye, barley or wheat, and is not mixed with other whiskies or grain neutral alcohol during brewing. After it is made, it needs to be aged in charcoal smoked oak barrels for at least two years. In addition, the so-called pure whisky, unlike Scottish single malt whisky, is made of only one malt, but mainly a certain grain (generally not less than 5 1%).

Add other raw materials. Pure whisky can be divided into four categories: (1) Bourbon whisky is the place name of a town in Kentucky, USA. Whisky produced near Apollo used to be affectionately called bourbon, but now it has become the general name of a category of American whiskey. The raw materials of bourbon are corn, barley and so on. Corn accounts for at least 565,438+0% of raw materials and at most 75%. After fermentation and distillation, it should be aged for four years in new charcoal-burning oak barrels, and the aging time should not exceed eight years at most. Before bottling, it can be produced by diluting it with distilled water to about 43.5 degrees. Bourbon is amber, crystal clear, full-bodied, mellow, soft and persistent. Among them, Kentucky produces the most famous products and the highest price. In addition, it is also produced in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Missouri and Indiana. (2) Rye whiskey, also known as rye whiskey, is made of rye and other grains, with a content of not less than 565,438+0%. Liquor is amber, and its taste is different from bourbon, so it has a strong taste, so it is not very popular with modern people. The main brands are: ① Old Overholt and Old Overholder. Established in 18 10, a? Overholder Company is a famous rye whisky, produced in Pennsylvania, with rye content of 59% and no water added. (2) Shi Gram's 7 crowns were crowned by Legeland. The rich American rye whisky was first introduced to the market by Schlegeland Company in 1934. (3) Corn whiskey is whiskey brewed with no less than 80% corn and other grains, and aged in old charcoal barrels after brewing. The main brands are: Pratt Valley Pratt Wally. Produced by Marcomique company founded by 1856, this wine has corn raw material ratio of 88% and alcohol content of 40 degrees, which can be divided into five-year aging and eight-year aging. (4) Bond Bottle This is a pure whisky, usually bourbon or rye whisky, but it is made under the supervision of the US government. The government does not guarantee its quality. It only needs to be aged for at least 4 years, and the alcohol purity is 50% when bottled. It must be made by wineries, and the bottling plant is also supervised by the government. 2. Mixed Whiskey This whisky is a mixture of more than one single whisky and 20% neutral grain alcohol. When bottled, the alcohol content is 40℃, which is often used as the base wine of mixed drinks. There are three types: (1) Kentucky whiskey: it is a mixture of pure whiskey and neutral grain alcohol produced in this state. (2) Pure blended whisky: it is made by mixing more than two kinds of pure whiskies, but it does not contain neutral grain alcohol. (3) American blended light whiskey: it is a new American wine, which is made by mixing pure whiskey with purity less than 20% and light whiskey at 40℃.