Content Design of Qiu Yi Botanical Garden

Botanical garden planning and design is a very important content in urban planning and design. General comprehensive botanical garden planning consists of three parts, namely exhibition area, scientific research area and life management area.

1. Popular Science Exhibition Area

The purpose is to show the objective natural laws of the plant world and human knowledge of using and transforming plants for people to visit and learn. The main contents are as follows.

(1) Plant Evolution System Exhibition Area

The area is arranged according to the plant evolutionary system, which orderly reflects the evolutionary process of plants from low to high, so that visitors can not only get the concept of plant evolutionary system, but also have a general understanding of plant classification and species characteristics. However, plants with similar systems do not necessarily have similar requirements for ecological environment and life factors, and plants that can form communities in ecological habits are not necessarily similar in classification system, so plant configuration can only meet the requirements of classification system, that is, under the premise of embodying plant classification system, it is configured in combination with ecological habits and garden art effects. This is both scientific and realistic, and it is easy to form a more perfect park appearance.

(2) Economic Plant Exhibition Area

After collection, economic plants that are considered promising and really useful after cultivation experiments are planted and exhibited in this area, which provides reference materials for the joint production of agriculture, medicine, forestry and gardens and promotes them. The layout is generally divided by use, such as medicinal plants, fiber plants, aromatic plants, oil plants, starch plants, rubber plants, sugary plants and so on. , bounded by hedges or gardens.

(3) resistant plants exhibition area

Plants have the ability to absorb harmful gases such as hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, bromine and chlorine. However, their resistance to toxic substances and their ability to absorb toxic gases often vary with different tree species. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research and experiments to cultivate tree species with strong resistance and absorption ability to air pollutants, and transplant them to this area for display according to the types and strengths of their antitoxic substances, so as to provide reliable selection of resistant tree species for landscaping.

(4) Aquatic flora

According to the different characteristics of aquatic plants, wet plants, swamp plants and other plants, as well as the different requirements of preference for still water or moving water, arranging unique waterscape in water bodies at different depths or in rocks and streams can not only popularize the knowledge of aquatic plants, but also provide a good rest environment for tourists.

(5) Rock Garden

Rock gardens are mostly located in hilly areas with undulating terrain and small land area. Natural exposed rocks or artificially arranged rocks, with colorful rock plants and alpine plants for display, and some light and lively rest buildings can be appropriately arranged to form a scenic spot in the garden.

(6) Arboretum

It is to show the local area and introduce some main trees and shrubs that can grow in the open field at home and abroad. Generally, it covers a large area and needs rich topography, microclimate conditions, soil types and soil thickness to meet the ecological requirements of all kinds of trees. It can be planted according to geographical distribution or arranged according to classification system.

(7) Professional parks

Collect some plants with certain characteristics, long cultivation history, rich varieties, wide uses and high ornamental value, and set them as special areas for centralized planting, such as plum blossom, camellia, azalea, rose, peony, peony, lotus, palm and maple. Any kind can form a special garden, or several plants can be configured according to ecological habits and ornamental effects, which can receive better artistic effects.

(8) Greenhouse exhibition area

Some plants that can't overwinter in the open field in this area and must have greenhouse equipment to grow and develop normally are exhibited for tourists to watch, which is called greenhouse exhibition area. The greenhouse exhibition area is huge and magnificent, and it is an important building in the botanical garden, such as the main greenhouse of Beijing Botanical Garden.

2. The field of scientific research

Dedicated to scientific research and joint production. In order to avoid interference and reduce man-made damage, it is generally closed to the public, and there are special entrances and exits for professionals to visit and study. The land requires flat terrain, deep soil layer, sufficient water source and convenient drainage, and the location should be close to laboratories, research rooms and greenhouses. Land use should be centralized and there should be some ancillary facilities, such as shade shed, seed and bulb storage room, soil and fertilizer production room, tool room and so on.

3. Living management area

Botanical gardens are mostly located in the suburbs and have a long way to go. In order to facilitate workers' commuting and reduce the traffic pressure in urban areas, the Botanical Garden should build living quarters for workers, including dormitories, canteens, nurseries, barbershops, bathrooms, boiler rooms, comprehensive service shops and garages.

Design organization

Concept and Extended Design —— Nick Northam, Chief Designer of NITA Landscape Design Institute in the Netherlands. Construction Drawing Design —— Urban Construction Research Institute

design concept

1, "city" and "wild" create natural environment by artificial means, forming lakes, valleys, streams, wetlands, mountains, slopes, forests and other forms of natural ecological environment, highlighting the urban oasis realm. 2. Between "mountain" and "water", take the landscape as the framework, make full use of the original water system, artificially pile up soil to build mountains, and form a landscape garden space surrounded by mountains and water. 3. Between "dynamic" and "static", traditional and modern gardening concepts are used to surround the main loop landscape of the park, and a small garden is built at the main scenic spot and the roadside of the main loop, which combines dynamic and static, alternating between reality and reality. 4. Make full use of the plant landscaping between "forest" and "wood", shape the forest space of mountain dense forest, reflect the characteristic ecological space of seasonal changes, and fully display different plant landscapes such as ornamental space, meadow space and nursery planting forest. 5. "Tradition" and "modernity" draw lessons from the spatial organization form of traditional gardens in China, forming all kinds of moving lines and scenes, and using modern materials and design techniques, shaping an ecological park close to the natural atmosphere.

Design layout

From west to east, the whole park forms four major areas: North-South conventional artificial planting exhibition area, island ecological natural area, lake area and mountain natural ecological forest. Passing through these four blocks, on both sides of the east-west main tour line, precious flower gardens and five sense gardens are arranged by artificial design, forming a sequence of lines and points, which is in contrast with the natural background. 1, the artificial planting exhibition area is in this area, and the nursery forest land is planted on the side of Heather Street. On the one hand, it will consider the need of seedling replacement in the park in the future, and on the other hand, it will be used as reserved land for later commercial development. In the north-south strip-shaped display area on the east side of the nursery woodland, a variety of low characteristic flower shrubs are displayed as the theme, separated by east-west linear canals and small garden roads, forming a geometric layout, allowing tourists to shuttle between flower borders and experience the colorful colors and natural fragrance of flowers and trees. Music Fountain Square and hydrophilic platform are arranged on the water side as the gathering and distributing space for activities. 2. Island Eco-natural Zone utilizes two islands of the original Baitang Lake, and forms four islands and a wetland through artificial island construction and water system transformation. Seasonal ecological forests are planted on each island, highlighting different plant species in spring, summer, autumn and winter. The island is connected with the wetland through a wooden trestle, which allows tourists to enter the forest from time to time, integrating swimming, viewing and rest. Spring Island: Based on the soft gentle slope lawn, cherry blossoms, magnolia and other spring flowering plants are planted in a large area, showing the vitality of spring. Summer Island: Planting trees such as Magnolia grandiflora, Lagerstroemia indica and Albizia Albizia together with wetland landscape creates a quiet and leisurely atmosphere. Autumn Island: By planting trees such as Ginkgo biloba, Acer truncatum, osmanthus fragrans, and Pinus densiflora, it creates a deep atmosphere. Winter Island: Choose evergreen coniferous trees such as Pinus elliottii, Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora to show the vitality of winter plants. 3. The lake area uses the original Baitang Lake to form the largest water surface in the middle of the park, and organizes boating and other water activities on the lake to let tourists appreciate the beauty of the lake, mountains and trees. 4. Mountain natural ecological forest area is in the east of the park. Artificial mountain is piled with soil by artificial means to form an artificial mountain with an altitude of about 10- 16 meters, which simulates the original mountain forest ecosystem to afforest the mountain in a large area. A variety of landscapes and activity spaces such as streams, ponds, rock gardens, bird habitats, grasslands and children's playgrounds have been designed in the mountains, forming a recreational space with undulating terrain, lush forests and diverse natural landscapes. 5. Precious flower display area of characteristic scenic spots: In the mountainous natural ecological forest area near the lake, an oval precious ornamental planting area inclined with the terrain was designed. With green mountains as the background and green water as the guide, colorful flower beds can be seen around the lake, which has become a highlight of the park. Wu Jie Garden: On the south side of the Lake District, next to the East and West main gardens, there is a five-sense experience garden with taste, touch, vision, hearing and smell. Taste Garden: The grids are rotated and staggered to form a geometric activity space. Natural plants with representative tastes are selected and planted in the grids, such as tea trees and fruit trees (loquat, cherry, pear and fig), and equipped with plant introduction boards. Chinese restaurant, service corridor and rest corridor are set up in the buildings in the park, and various projects with taste experience are operated, such as tea art, fruit art and medicine art. Tactile garden: the unique landscape is shaped by the overall topographic relief, which is divided by a modular grid. It emphasizes all kinds of contact with nature in the process of human activities, and the interests are arranged in a special way, forcing people to behave in different postures such as sitting, standing, leaning, lying, leaning and so on. In this behavior, people use all kinds of materials from nature to make them fully contact with these materials and have different experiences. Some small natural landscapes such as artificial fog and rain fog are set in the grid, which brings touching changes. Visual Garden: Through the design of the tour route, people will have some unconventional design treatments after entering the garden to show people the unconventional visual effects of natural landscape. By using various modern materials (such as mirrors, different transparent glasses, metals, etc.). Re-integrating the natural landscape to create a strange landscape shows that people's understanding of the landscape will be completely different from their daily impressions if they change their perspective. Auditory garden: We use some devices to amplify the representative sounds of nature, such as flowers in full bloom in the water and birds singing in the breeze. Let people arouse their love and return to nature through the voices in the garden. Through some special scientific and technological means, we can simulate some sounds that can't be heard in ordinary ways, such as "bloom has fallen" and "the seeds have broken ground", which will increase the interest and knowledge of the garden and attract more people to visit here. Olfactory Garden: Plants with different scents are planted in different areas through geometric layout, and community plants with strong ornamental and obvious scents are planted on special elliptic grass slopes. By setting staggered wooden platforms and concrete frames, people can stop and have a rest. In the alternating activity system, people can walk through different olfactory experiences. Through planting design, it can be more ornamental, interesting and knowledgeable, and enhance the participation of tourists in olfactory garden activities.

Park topography

The whole park can be roughly divided into three areas: west, middle and east, and the terrain gradually increases from west to east. Western District: The terrain is relatively flat, with "main entrance to the west of the park, comprehensive service building 1 (Music Fog Square), comprehensive service building 3, car charter management office" and the starting (stopping) station of sightseeing buses, which is a gathering place for tourists' activities in the park. Central area: bounded by "spring, summer, autumn and winter" and the central lake. Compared with the "Western District", the terrain has improved and fluctuated greatly. First, it is built to properly block the sight of tourists entering the park, and at the same time, it is built according to the "spring, summer, autumn and winter" season and the characteristics suitable for plant growth. Among them, the "cruise ship repair shop" is located in "Spring Island" and the "VIP Reception Room" is located in "Autumn Island". East: the highest terrain. The artificial mountain with the main peak height14.8m and the secondary peak height 1 1 m is built by machinery. In the meantime, "Comprehensive Service Building 2, Comprehensive Service Building 4" and "Tea Room on the Peak" are arranged. In order to reflect the original wild interest of suburban wild forests, two "man-made streams" were built on the mountain, one was a "water stream" and the other was a "dry stream". At the same time, three "children's playgrounds" of different sizes were arranged in appropriate positions on the mountain.

Tourism system design

Entrance and exit: The park has three entrances. Among them, there are two tourist entrances and exits, which are arranged on the east and west sides of Linnan City Street and Xintang Street respectively, and manage one entrance and exit, not only on the side near Heather Street. Set up a parking lot next to the two entrances and exits. Tour system: an annular trunk road for people and vehicles (battery car, project management car) is arranged around the park. There is more than one arc-shaped subjective sidewalk connecting the east and west entrances, and other branches and paths are inserted between the main roads.

supporting facilities

1 Music Fountain Square In order to increase the highlights of the park, the whole park has set up various spray (fog) springs with different modeling effects. The main forms are "opposite spray, spewing spring, running spring, jumping spring, arch spring" and so on. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a fun "memory fountain" was designed for tourists' entertainment. Such as "arch spray" and "fountain" in the landscape pool in front of "entrance gate 1"; "Spray table" on Little Square; 15 "Integrated Service Building 1" combined dry spraying form of "Fog Square"; "Direct spray" and "flower basket" arranged along the "landscape long bridge"; The "optically controlled laminar flow" jet on the connecting bridge between "Landscape Long Bridge" and "Wujieyuan"; "Fun Memory" Fountain and "Voice Control Fountain" in "Five Senses Garden". 2. The outdoor lighting system takes "green returning to nature" as the theme, emphasizes the integration of practicality and appreciation, highlights the new concept of "ecology, environmental protection and energy saving", and creates a unique night lighting effect. 3. Children's Amusement Equipment Combined with the mountainous terrain in the east of the park, some amusement equipment suitable for teenagers are appropriately placed in different positions to attract "small tourists" of all ages to play in the park, thus driving consumers. Visitors need to know 1. Opening hours of the park: 9: 00 am-65438+7: 00 pm 2. Visitors should consciously abide by social morality, public order and park rules and regulations when entering the park, and it is forbidden for tourists to assemble, March and engage in illegal activities in the park. 3. It is forbidden for tourists to bring guns, ammunition, inflammable and explosive, chemicals and other dangerous goods into the park. Visitors are not allowed to use naked flames in the park, and smoking is strictly prohibited. Tourists should take care of everything in the park. It is forbidden to destroy flowers and trees, trample on lawns and vegetation, and not to enter fences and guardrails. It is forbidden for tourists to scribble, climb and damage park buildings, landscapes and lighting facilities. 5. It is forbidden for tourists to bring bicycles and other means of transportation, skateboards, roller skating, tents, air cushions, tables and chairs, and remote-controlled aircraft models into the park. 6. Tourists are forbidden to fish, swim and fish in the park, and are not allowed to enter the fence. Hunting and hunting of birds, aquatic animals, insects, fish and birds is prohibited. 7. Visitors should pay attention to public health, visit the park in a civilized manner, and it is forbidden for tourists to bring all kinds of animals into the park. It is strictly forbidden to spit and urinate anywhere in the park, and discard waste such as fruit shells, paper scraps, cigarette butts and chewing gum. 8. The old, the weak, the sick, the pregnant and the young must be accompanied by their families, pay attention to their own protection, take care of themselves safely, and take good care of their belongings when tourists visit the park. 9. It is forbidden for tourists to peddle everything in the park, and set up obstacles and billboards without the consent of the park. 1 1. The person in charge of the group visitors should take the initiative to go through the admission formalities at the park customer service center, get the admission instructions, publicize the instructions to the team members, abide by the park regulations and be civilized tourists. 12. Visitors can consult the customer service center of the park if they encounter problems during the tour.