What is the official language of Mongolia?

The official language is Mongolian, and specifically the standard Mongolian language is Khalkha Mongolian, which is spoken mainly in the Ulaanbaatar dialect.

Mongolian has a strict vowel harmony law in terms of phonology, which means that vowels are harmonized according to their front and back tongue position or rounded lips or unrounded lips, e.g., in a word, either all back vowels (masculine vowels) or all middle vowels (feminine vowels). But both front vowels (neutral vowels) and back or mid vowels can occur in the same word. Morphologically, words are based on roots or stems, followed by additional constituents to generate new words and make morphological changes; nouns, pronouns, adjectives, number words, adverbs, postpositions, and morphosyntactic verbs all have grammatical categories of person, number, or case; verbs all have grammatical categories of time, body, form, and tense. Structurally, the order of words in a sentence has a certain pattern. Usually the subject comes first, the predicate comes second, the modifier comes before the modified, and the predicate comes after the object.

The Mongolian language arose around the 9th to 10th centuries; there are many dialects, which are mainly divided into the central, western (Weilat), northern (Buryat), and eastern (Kerchin-Karakin) dialects.

It should be emphasized that like many languages Mongolian has many dialects.

Mongolia is 80% Khalkha Mongol, so the common language of Outer Mongolia is Khalkha Mongol. A lot of Russian English vocabulary is borrowed from this.

Germany uses the Cyrillic alphabet to spell Mongolian, the society and culture is more westernized than China, and the language is mixed with a lot of imported languages, which is also an obstacle in recognizing the pronunciation of the language, Cyrillic is a Slavic language, which involves transcription when applied to Mongolian, so even if you have mastered the pronunciation of Cyrillic, you will find it difficult to read the new Mongolian language in Germany.