Carry forward historical and cultural materials

China Traditional Cultural Materials (Don't talk nonsense) In the long river of human history, the ancestors of the Chinese nation created brilliant culture with labor and wisdom.

China culture has a long and continuous history, which has been affecting today's life. Inheriting and carrying forward China's traditional culture is an objective requirement to unite the strength of the Chinese nation and a realistic need to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics's material and spiritual civilization.

It is an unshirkable and glorious task for China scholars to comprehensively and systematically excavate, sort out and introduce China children's communication culture. In view of this, dozens of scholars who study traditional culture have compiled this "Grand View of China Traditional Culture" and dedicated it to readers.

Culture is the way of human spiritual activities and practical activities and the sum of their material and spiritual achievements. Because of the complexity and diversity of people's life practice, culture has different contents, forms and levels accordingly.

As one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, China was famous for its unique Yellow River culture as early as thousands of years ago. Since then, through the long-term creation and accumulation of Chinese people, Chinese culture has become richer and more profound, and its achievements and influence are rare in the world.

China's traditional culture has a distinct integrity, and various cultural forms are interrelated and influenced each other. Only on the basis of a comprehensive understanding of various forms of China culture can we have a deeper understanding of its overall characteristics and essence.

In fact, grasping culture as a whole is one of the basic spirits of China traditional culture. Many outstanding figures in the history of China are generalists and have made important achievements in many fields.

The "adult" admired and pursued by Confucius, a world-class cultural master, not only has noble moral sentiments, extensive knowledge and profound wisdom, but also has excellent written expression ability, political management experience and artistic, sports and military skills. Confucius himself is such a great man with all-round development and versatility.

Confucius, as an outstanding educator, thinker, politician, historian and writer, put forward very subtle opinions on the artistic fields such as music, archery and other skills, as well as the principles of cooking and clothing. China's outstanding figures' all-round pursuit of culture inspired the author of this book to integrate different kinds of knowledge into one book.

The time range involved in this book is slightly different due to different categories, from primitive society to modern times in general. Faced with a sea of historical figures, a sea of ancient books and scattered cultural relics, this book does not adopt the writing method of Chronological Memorabilia of China Culture and the compiling form of cultural dictionaries classified by items.

The simple piling up of a large number of characters, works, terms and events cannot reveal the essence of China traditional culture. In limited space, this book is dedicated to readers with systematic rather than fragmented knowledge.

This book attempts to put the development clues of various categories of China traditional culture in the first place, and strive to achieve the unity of history and logic. At the same time, this book also tries to analyze the basic characteristics of each cultural category and explain their position in the whole traditional culture of China.

What is finally presented to readers is not only a colorful historical picture scroll, but also the fusion and taste of all aspects of knowledge, including the overall summary and reflection of China traditional culture. I believe this way of writing can help readers acquire clear, definite and systematic knowledge.

Strong times is another major feature of China's traditional culture. The essence of culture is not an established thing, but a process of change.

This book reveals the fact that traditional culture has been developing in the unity of opposites of "endless" inheritance and variation described in Zhouyi. The old form is constantly being replaced by the new form, but the new form contains the enduring national spirit. For example, Beijing Opera, regarded as a national quintessence, is actually a very "young" art, which really matured only a hundred years ago.

Since the Song Dynasty, the art forms that dominated the stage of China's traditional operas have experienced great prosperity for many times. However, this change is not an independent creation divorced from history, but on the basis of absorbing the legacy of the past, carrying forward the past and making innovations.

This is also of great significance to study the traditional culture of China. Although many old forms have lost their vitality with the changes of history, they can continue to develop through transformation to meet the requirements of the new era.

Therefore, while studying the historical development of various categories of traditional culture in China, this book also predicts the future development of this field as much as possible. Another major feature of China's traditional culture is its outstanding regionality.

China has a vast territory and abundant resources. Since the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, except for a few separatist periods, a unified multi-ethnic country has been maintained as a political institution for most of the time. Therefore, in the system of China's traditional culture, Chinese civilization originated in the Yellow River valley is the main body, and various minority cultures are the supplements, which bring out the best in each other.

China's traditional market began to communicate with foreign cultures thousands of years ago. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, China culture was quite open.

In many ways, the ancestors of the Chinese nation bravely and without hesitation absorbed foreign cultural factors and reformed them, constantly enriching the connotation of China culture. Ideologically, China accepted Buddhism from India, which is one of the biggest exchanges among the major civilization systems in the world.

From an artistic point of view, China absorbed a lot of exotic music and dances along the Silk Road and made them China-like. "Huqin" is an important representative of China national musical instruments, but as the name implies, it was originally imported.

From the aspects of diet, costumes and folk customs, the content of foreign culture absorbed by China is also amazing. At the same time, China also exported its own culture, such as papermaking, silk and porcelain handicrafts, which had a positive impact on world culture and made great contributions to human civilization.

Many essences of China's traditional culture, such as Chinese medicine, Qigong and Wushu, are still valued by countries all over the world. The exchange and comparison between Chinese and foreign cultures is one of the basic topics of cultural research, which needs special research.

Due to the limitation of content and space, this book only reveals that some cultural exchanges in China's traditional culture will be further expanded, and China culture with a long tradition will surely enter the future world cultural system with a brand-new attitude.

At this time, looking at the bright moon in the distance, we know each other while celebrating the festival. August 15th of the lunar calendar is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Volume XV, Rites and Music, records that "Wang Wenxuan and Wang Wucheng released the Spring and Autumn Period" and "In the 19th year of Kaiyuan, the Taigong Fu Shang Temple was built, with Sean in Liu Hou. These festivals are accompanied by different human development. Establish an orderly relationship between man and nature, people and people, people and people, and themselves. As a cultural order, festivals are not only the expression and construction of social organizations, value systems and group symbols, but also the link between history and the future. They have accumulated the wisdom of human cultural creation and survival. As contemporary youth, we should remember the culture left by the ancients and China and carry it out. We can't like foreign countries, our families and neighbors.

China's traditional culture materials China's traditional culture materials China's traditional culture contains the mean thought of self-improvement, respecting morality and loving the people, treating people with morality and living in harmony, which has reference significance for current quality education.

1. Spirit of Self-improvement In order to fight against heaven and earth, the people of China never give up easily, but always fight tirelessly. "Yi Zhuan" is summed up as "Heaven is strong, and gentlemen are constantly striving for self-improvement".

It is this spirit of self-improvement that supports the development of the Chinese nation and inspires Chinese sons and daughters to rise up in difficulties, forge ahead in adversity and never give in to foreign oppression. Self-improvement is also reflected in the personality characteristics of self-reliance and self-esteem, which forms the national spirit of China people advocating fame and fortune.

As Confucius said, "the three armed forces can win the handsome position, but ordinary people can't win the ambition." Mencius said, "Richness and wealth can't be lewd, poverty and lowliness can't be moved, and powerful people can't be bent. These three people are called courageous people. "

This makes people pursue independent and perfect personality, and this virtue has been handed down, which has become the spiritual force for people to struggle for the country and the nation and promoted the development of society. 2. Worrying about the country and people is an important part of China traditional culture.

From Confucius's "Poetry can be blamed" to Fan Zhongyan's "Worry about the world first, then enjoy the world", and then to Gu's "Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", all of them are branded with this sense of hardship. From Yue Fei's "Laughing and Thirst for Huns' Blood" to Wen Tianxiang's "Keeping the heart of Danes and Showing History".

This sense of hardship is a patriotic spirit, which embodies the noble feelings of taking the world as one's responsibility. 3. A characteristic of China's traditional culture is that it is tolerant of everything, that is, taking things with kindness.

For example, during the Warring States Period, Qi Huangong founded Jixia Academy, which brought together hundred schools of thought of Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism, Legalism, Yin and Yang, fame and so on. At that time, there were Chunyu Kun, Zou Yan, Tian Pian, Mencius, Xunzi, etc., who gave lectures and traveled in Jixia Academy, and they were called a hundred schools. These masters gave lectures and debated freely in the academic halls, which initiated a hundred schools of thought in the cultural history of China and made great contributions to the future of China culture.

It is generally believed that since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a cultural situation dominated by Confucian culture has formed in China. But in fact, the history of China's cultural development is mainly based on the complementarity of Confucianism and Taoism, and this clue itself reflects the cultural compatibility. 4. The noble demeanor of virtuous people Guan Zhong, a great politician in the Spring and Autumn Period, once linked morality with the survival of the country, and raised propriety, justice and shame to the height of the rise and fall of the country.

Confucius, a great thinker, even explained benevolence by courtesy, thinking that benevolence and propriety are mutually restricted and unified, and the unity of benevolence and propriety is virtue. The "virtue" emphasized by Confucius refers to the virtue of the commander-in-chief of the ruling class, which is required to rule and own the people.

Second, it refers to the virtue of influence, that is, the virtue of ethics, in order to influence the people and maintain harmony. This idea of respecting morality is constantly developing and generalizing, which has been fully reflected in family ethics.

This makes our country always put morality first in the process of ancient cultural communication and education. For example, the content of Confucius' education is etiquette, music, shooting, martial arts and mathematics. He puts etiquette first, which is a typical embodiment of the idea of respecting morality in educational activities. The purpose of this thought is to advocate educating people with morality, and to seek the harmony of family ethics, the consistency of social and political order and the stability of the whole social order by using the function and strength of morality.

5 Harmonious Ideological Realm The highest realm of China traditional culture is harmony, which means that everything should develop naturally according to its own laws. This includes the harmony between people, the harmony between individual self and body, and the harmony between man and nature.

Harmony between people will promote social stability and family harmony; The harmony of individual's body and mind can make people calm and well-founded; The harmony between man and nature can be mutually beneficial and develop continuously. The ultimate goal of Confucianism is to achieve the first harmony, while Buddhism and Taoism focus on the latter two.

Taoism's thought of "Taoism is natural" is of great significance for us to learn how to correctly handle the relationship between man and nature and protect the environment today. China's traditional culture also believes that to achieve the above three kinds of harmony, we must adhere to the "golden mean", that is, we should do things appropriately and oppose going to extremes.

In the long river of human history, the ancestors of the Chinese nation created splendid culture with labor and wisdom. China culture has a long and continuous history, which has been affecting today's life.

Inheriting and carrying forward China's traditional culture is an objective requirement to unite the strength of the Chinese nation and a realistic need to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics's material and spiritual civilization. It is an unshirkable and glorious task for China scholars to comprehensively and systematically excavate, sort out and introduce China children's communication culture.

In view of this, dozens of scholars who study traditional culture have compiled this "Grand View of China Traditional Culture" and dedicated it to readers. Culture is the way of human spiritual activities and practical activities and the sum of their material and spiritual achievements.

Because of the complexity and diversity of people's life practice, culture has different contents, forms and levels accordingly. As one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, China was famous for its unique Yellow River culture as early as thousands of years ago.

Since then, through the long-term creation and accumulation of Chinese people, Chinese culture has become richer and more profound, and its achievements and influence are rare in the world.

There are many ways to inherit excellent traditional culture, and which way to adopt depends on which level of traditional culture to inherit.

Traditional culture has two levels: spiritual concept level and formal carrier level. For the inheritance of traditional cultural spirit, systematic education should be the most basic way.

Education here refers not only to national education sponsored by the state and governments at all levels, but also to education sponsored by non-state and governments and headed by the state education department, which plays the role of basic education and general higher education. Whether run by the state or the government, or by non-governmental organizations or individuals, they have the responsibility to inherit the excellent traditional culture of China.

In order to make schools better fulfill this educational responsibility, the national education authorities should make a comprehensive plan and possibly formulate some rules and regulations to ensure that China's traditional cultural spirit should be taught in both government-sponsored and non-government-sponsored education from kindergarten to university. Through systematic education, the spiritual concepts of China's excellent traditional culture, such as the concept of Taoism and nature, the idea of harmony between man and nature, the realm of chaos and neutralization, and ethical values such as benevolence, honesty, love, dedication and harmony, have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, turned into people's blood, and become people's conscious code of conduct and spiritual value pursuit.

We should not only absorb the essence of the world's advanced culture, but also combine the characteristics of China's traditional culture, always adhere to the guidance of socialist core values, and promote the construction of Chinese national identity from the three dimensions of politics, economy and culture, so as to realize Chinese national political identity, economic interest identity and spiritual and cultural identity. Extended data:

Traditional culture is a kind of popularization that reflects national characteristics and features, and it is the overall representation of various ideological cultures and ideologies in national history.

Every nation in the world has its own traditional culture. China's traditional culture takes Confucianism and Taoism as its core [1], and there are also Mohist, Legalist, famous artists, Buddhism, Muslims, Western-style, modern western culture and other cultural forms, including: ancient prose, poetry, music, national music, national drama, folk art, Chinese painting, calligraphy, couplets and riddles.

The full name of traditional culture is probably traditional culture, which is based on culture and corresponds to contemporary culture and foreign culture. Its content should be all kinds of material, institutional and spiritual cultural entities and cultural consciousness that have existed throughout the ages.

For example, national costumes, living customs, classical poems, and the concept of loyalty and filial piety; Also known as cultural heritage. References:

Baidu encyclopedia-traditional culture.

How to carry forward the traditional culture of "reading classics" and "Hanfu", and how to carry forward the traditional culture? For a long time, I have wanted to write something about "reading classics" and "Hanfu", but I have never sorted out the detailed ideas.

Recently, Zhang Yiwu, a professor in Peking University, was distorted by a newspaper that "Zhang Ziyi is better than 10,000 Confucius", which caused heated discussion among all parties. Professor Zhang himself also responded on Sina.

Shuiyue is a cloth, but she also participated in the so-called "reading classics" activities. Let me talk about my ideas and give my friends some other angles.

First, who started the so-called "reading classics" and "reading classics"? I really don't know. However, according to the available data, the activity of "Reading Classics" was initiated by Neo-Confucianism in Taiwan Province Province and Hongkong, and was introduced to the mainland in the middle and late 1990s due to the increasingly frequent cultural exchanges between the three places.

Regarding the benefits of "reading classics", some people have summarized the following points: 1, inheriting excellent traditional culture; 2. Develop children's intelligence. How to "read the Bible"? There are two other ways: 1, the six-character mantra, "son, repeat after me"; 2, direct spoon-feeding, known as "children will understand in a few years."

What do children know? Let me directly and systematically explain my views on the problem of "reading classics". There are many books in history, saying that China has maintained an ultra-stable structure for thousands of years because of the continuous cultural inheritance of Confucianism for thousands of years.

That's true. However, in addition to cultural factors, we should also see the advantages of geography.

For example, China has the sea in the east, mountains in the west, "barbarians" in the south and nomadic people in the north. In ancient times when navigation technology and mountaineering technology were underdeveloped, it was difficult for us to cross the natural barrier. "Those who make me strong, though far away, will be punished." There are only a few real events, and as far as I know, those generals have no good end in the end.

What about north and south? Barbarian wars are barbarians, and their civilization, especially nomadic civilization, cannot resist the assimilation of farming civilization. Even though there were two periods in history when China was ruled by foreigners (compared with the majority of Han people), the last two ethnic groups were basically degraded.

Why? In two thousand years, China is truly invincible in East Asia, and its accumulated wealth ranks first in the world. But I think this is the result of not having a strong opponent for a long time.

For example, Germany, a nation in the land of four wars, has been baptized by blood and fire from generation to generation, naturally maintaining a strong vitality. Two world wars can prove it.

To be exact, "reading classics" is not as good as "reading history", and "classics" are utopianism to a great extent, such as "one world", such as "monarch, minister and son", which are all idealized social constructions. If it is not suitable for the life of saints, how many markets can there be now? (See Mencius and Wei Huiwang for details) Reading history is different. What history shows us is the real process of social development. If we pay more attention to world history and compare the history of China with the history of the West, we will get a lot of inspiration.

Why can't our country maintain its leading edge when there are many very, very advanced cultural achievements in ancient times? In addition, I have talked about the current "Bible study" environment in China in several articles before. It can be said that there are many people engaged in politics and few people engaged in culture. There are many people engaged in the economy and few people engaged in learning; There are more Yue Buqun-style characters and fewer Confucius-style characters. Under the aura of money, power and hypocrisy, what role can "reading classics" education play in promoting traditional culture? I won't go into details here. Let's quote it and analyze it yourself.

"Say what Confucianism, but also revival? I saw the movement of reading classics and my thoughts, and I saw the music cult under the banner of "love and joy". 2. Hanfu first saw Hanfu in Hunan Red Net a few years ago. Several netizens designed Hanfu themselves and took photos. At that time, the feeling was just a little better, and it was not attached to any national justice.

Netizens in He Xun have also initiated several discussions. Shui Yue believes that clothes are clothes, and its tools should be defined.

Can the situation in China be compared with that in Japan, South Korea or other countries with simple ethnic groups and small dynasty changes? If the clothing of Han Dynasty is orthodox, can we also choose the clothing of Tang Dynasty or Ming Dynasty? If the clothing worn by the Han people is Hanfu, then the other 55 ethnic groups among the 56 ethnic groups should also have Tibetan clothing, Mongolian clothing, Yi clothing and N clothing. Can Hanfu be the legal dress in China? As for reviving Hanfu to educate the people, I prefer to wear Zhongshan suit. Some people say that he imitates Japanese clothes. What's wrong with it? Japan learned from us earlier and finally surpassed us in modern times. We can learn from them! First of all; Secondly, Dr. Sun Yat-sen gave the "Zhongshan suit" more meanings, such as the five slits on the coat representing the five-power constitution and the three buttons on the cuff representing the Three People's Principles.

My mind is a little confused today. To sum it up briefly.

China did have a glorious history, but I think the development of the real society is not contradictory. Everyone likes to find prescriptions from their ancestors. The solution of social contradictions ultimately depends on the improvement of the social system, rather than expecting all officials to be gentlemen or moral models; Educating people depends on the quality education of citizens, so that they can stand tall and be the real masters of society, instead of being "ordinary people" or shopping all day in so-called "Hanfu"; Let a few scholars sort out "classic" problems, and let children know more about nature and go deep into society. Virtue and etiquette are essential factors in the excellent tradition of every nation, and it is not only our ancestors who pay attention to "benevolence" and "courtesy".

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Inheriting and mentioning traditional culture, most modern people who grew up in the cultural fault period have no clear concept. People who have dabbled in it may sigh: China's traditional culture is profound and has a long history; Some people may say: in today's era, traditional culture is outdated and too conservative.

Is traditional culture outdated? Is it still valuable to our present society? We prove her strong vitality and increasingly prominent social interests through the following facts:

Among the four ancient civilizations in human history, only China culture, as the main body of culture, has been preserved to this day. China, based on traditional culture, has existed in the world for five thousand years. Compared with the Roman Empire, which has been powerful for more than a thousand years in history, it has long since ceased to exist.

However, we have to admit that in the past century, China's traditional culture has been suppressed and abandoned. In the era when traditional culture is deeply rooted in people's hearts, people are physically and mentally stable, living a life of not closing their doors at night and not taking roads; But now people lock themselves in bars, and social activities will be threatened by frequent vicious incidents. What a contrast! A famous professor in Peking University once lamented: "Now people's behavior has no moral bottom line" ... See: Saving China's precious traditional culture.

About China Traditional Culture In the long river of human history, the ancestors of the Chinese nation created brilliant culture with labor and wisdom.

China culture has a long and continuous history, which has been affecting today's life. Inheriting and carrying forward China's traditional culture is an objective requirement to unite the strength of the Chinese nation and a realistic need to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics's material and spiritual civilization.

It is an unshirkable and glorious task for China scholars to comprehensively and systematically excavate, sort out and introduce China children's communication culture. China's traditional culture has a distinct integrity, and various cultural forms are interrelated and influenced each other.

Only on the basis of a comprehensive understanding of various forms of China culture can we have a deeper understanding of its overall characteristics and essence. In fact, grasping culture as a whole is one of the basic spirits of China traditional culture.

Many outstanding figures in the history of China are generalists and have made important achievements in many fields. The "adult" admired and pursued by Confucius, a world-class cultural master, not only has noble moral sentiments, extensive knowledge and profound wisdom, but also has excellent written expression ability, political management experience and artistic, sports and military skills.

Confucius himself is such a great man with all-round development and versatility. Confucius, as an outstanding educator, thinker, politician, historian and writer, put forward very subtle opinions on the artistic fields such as music, archery and other skills, as well as the principles of cooking and clothing.

China's outstanding figures' all-round pursuit of culture inspired the author of this book to integrate different kinds of knowledge into one book.

China's calligraphy, seal cutting, Chinese knots, Peking Opera masks, shadow play and martial arts are all materials of traditional culture.

Qin Brick Hanwa, Terracotta Warriors, Peach Blossom Fan, Cloisonne, Jade Carving, China Lacquerware, Red Lantern (Palace Lantern, Yarn Lantern).

Woodcut Watermark, Oracle Bone Inscriptions Bamboo Slips, Zhong Dingwen and Han Dynasty

Tea, traditional Chinese medicine, Four Treasures of the Study (inkstone, pen, rice paper and ink) and four great inventions.

Vertical thread-bound books, paper cuts, kites

Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, magic weapon, Yin and Yang, Zen, Guanyin, mourning, paper money.

Musical instruments (flute, erhu, drum, guqin, pipa, etc. )

Dragon and phoenix patterns (gluttonous patterns, wishful patterns, thunder patterns, palindromes, and ba patterns), auspicious clouds patterns, and Chinese embroidery (embroidery, etc.). ), there is still a journey.