Colors and materials in oil paintings

Oil painting (an oil painting; A painting in oils is a kind of painting made on canvas, linen, cardboard or wood by mixing pigments with quick-drying vegetable oils (linseed oil, walnut oil, etc.). ). Diluents used in paint are volatile turpentine and dry linseed oil. The pigment attached to the picture has strong hardness and can keep luster for a long time after the picture is dried. With the hiding power and transparency of the pigment, the painted object is vividly displayed, with rich colors and strong three-dimensional sense.

Water-based materials

The earliest pigments used by human beings are mainly water-soluble materials. In early paintings, it is very natural to use natural substances such as water, gum or animal glue as diluents and binders for pigments. They are easy to obtain and easy to use, which is consistent in the early paintings of the East and the West. Nowadays, watercolor and gouache pigments are all water-based media, and their expression techniques are free and smooth, which can produce a light and transparent effect. It is also the main material type of oriental painting such as Chinese painting and Japanese painting.

Oil painting materials

Oil painting materials can be divided into three categories: base materials, oil painting pigments and media materials. The base material refers to the backing material and the undercoat layer bearing the painting pigment layer. Oil painting pigment is the main material that directly expresses the color and texture effect of painting. Binders are all kinds of diluents, adhesives and polishing agents used to adjust the properties of pigments and combine with base materials.

Oily material

Oil painting is the main kind of painting with oily materials and natural resin as painting media, which evolved from traditional latex materials such as egg color and brewing protein. Oily materials are characterized by slow drying, luster and repeated coating. Oily materials have strong expressive force and rich technical effects, which can be said to contain almost all the technical characteristics of other materials and paintings. The characteristics of oily materials allow the modeling of objects to be described in depth and in detail, and can show the rich and vivid color relationship of objects, thus satisfying people's desire to reproduce visual reality since14th century and promoting the development of western painting to realism. Since its birth, oil painting has always occupied a major position in western painting circles and developed all over the world, which also proves the superiority of oily materials. The transformation from water-based materials to oily materials is a long process, which has gone through thousands of years. It is a major breakthrough in painting materials and techniques and even in the history of art. The use of oil and resin is one of the important features that distinguish western painting materials and techniques from eastern painting materials and techniques.

Latex material

Latex material is an excellent traditional material with a long history and has been developed in modern times. Emulsion materials are mixed materials containing water-based and oil-based components, both of which have their own advantages. Egg color, cream color, wax and other Tampere painting materials belong to emulsion series. Emulsion materials can be diluted with water, and the drying speed is fast, similar to water-based materials; It can be opaque, sticky, insoluble in water after drying, and has the advantages of oily substances. Various modern synthetic pigments of propylene and ethylene not only retain the characteristics of traditional emulsion materials, but also have the advantages of oily materials, which have irreplaceable functions of other materials and are new materials with great development prospects.

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