The Impact of Big Data on Scientific Research

In the initial stage of scientific research, human beings use experiments to solve some scientific problems, and the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment is a typical example. 1590, Galileo made the experiment of "two iron balls falling at the same time" on the leaning tower of Pisa, and came to the conclusion that two iron balls with different weights fell at the same time, which overthrew Aristotle's theory that "the falling speed of an object is proportional to its weight" and corrected the wrong conclusion that lasted for 1 900.

(2) The second paradigm: theory

With the progress of science, human beings began to use various theories such as mathematics, geometry and physics to build problem models and solutions. For example, Newton's first law, Newton's second law and Newton's third law constitute a complete system of Newtonian mechanics and lay the conceptual foundation of classical mechanics. Its wide spread and application have had a great impact on people's lives and thoughts, and promoted the development and progress of human society to a great extent.

(3) The third paradigm: calculation

With the birth of the first computer ENIAC in human history in 1946, human society began to enter the computer age, and scientific research also entered a new period centered on "calculation". Humans can solve all kinds of problems by designing algorithms, writing corresponding programs, inputting them into computers, and relying on the high-speed computing power of computers. Computer has the characteristics of large storage capacity, fast operation speed, high precision and repeatable execution, and it is a sharp weapon of scientific research and promotes the rapid development of human society.

(4) the fourth paradigm: data

With the continuous accumulation of data, its valuable value is increasingly reflected. The emergence of the Internet of Things and cloud computing has contributed to the transformation of things from quantitative change to qualitative change, opening a new era of big data for human society. In the big data environment, everything will be data-centric, and problems will be found and solved from the data to truly reflect the value of the data. Big data will become a treasure for scientists, from which unknown patterns and valuable information will be excavated, which will serve production and life and promote scientific and technological innovation and social progress.