What is the influence of Confucianism on Chinese tourism?

French tourism scientist Fran?ois Vella has divided the major tourist countries in Asia into three categories: one is countries and regions with air and port transportation hubs and unique access to Southeast Asia and China, such as Singapore; another is industrial countries, such as Japan; and the third is countries with special tourism resources, such as Thailand. Although Vella did not mention China, it is clear that China belongs to the third category among them. China is one of the world's four major ancient civilizations, and the Chinese culture is vast and profound, with a long history. In the process of long-term development, Chinese culture has created a unique Chinese "tourism" culture, "tourism" in China has its own generation, development of the soil and history.

If, in the Chinese philosophy of the hundred schools of thought, the greatest influence on Chinese thought and culture is Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, then, in the Chinese tourism of the hundred schools of thought, the greatest influence on Chinese tourism culture is Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, the three schools. It is these three schools of thought of tourism, can be blended with each family, with their own cultural style affects the Chinese tourism culture, composed of the basic clues of the development of China's tourism, the evolution of China's tourism culture has brought vitality to the development of tourism.

I. Confucianism and Chinese Tourism Culture

For more than 2,000 years, Confucianism's view of tourism has had a tremendous and profound impact on the tourism activities of the Chinese people. The Confucian concept of tourism can be recognized in four aspects: the idea of near travel, the idea of far travel, the tradition of the people and the ancient consciousness.

As far as the general psychology of a nation is concerned, the Chinese people have the idea that they value their homeland and do not like to travel far and favor the idea of near travel. This can be reflected in the Chinese folk saying "better to go out than crooked at home", "a thousand days at home is good, go out for a moment is difficult", "see the scene is better than listen to the scene". This is because the traditional cultural influence of the Chinese people's inward-looking national character traits more or less inhibit the motivation of Chinese people to travel, which originated in Confucianism. From the overall viewpoint of Confucius' thought system, "ren" runs through it as the medium linking all categories, and at the same time, it is the general outline of all categories, words and deeds. From the viewpoint of clan relations, filial piety and fraternal duty are the basis of ren, and the promotion of filial piety and fraternal duty and the cultivation of filial and fraternal virtues is an important element of Confucius' ren science. Therefore, Confucius once asked his son to do "parents in, not far travel, travel will be." <<Rites>> also said: "parents full born, son full and return, can be called filial piety; not loss of its body, not humiliate its body, can be called full. Therefore, the gentleman ...... a lift foot and dare not forget the parents ...... road without path, boat and not swim, dare not to first parents of the remains of the body shape is dangerous." Confucianism advocates near travel, the purpose is to reduce the phenomenon of unnatural death and disability, so as to realize its "the old man, the lesser Huai Zhi" and "white people are not responsible for wearing the road," the idea of benevolent government. The emergence of this concept of near travel coincided with the socio-economic conditions in the Yellow River basin during the Spring and Autumn Period, when the production level was still very low and the labor force was very valuable. In this sense, the near tour as a form of tourism is a product of social and historical development, and undoubtedly had its progressive significance at that time.

Confucianism advocates and values travel because this kind of short-distance travel can not only achieve the purpose of physical and mental health and cultivate temperament, but also enjoy the happiness of the family. However, Confucianism is not unconditionally opposed to long-distance travel. According to the analysis of Confucius' expression, after the death of parents, the son's long-distance travel is naturally not restricted. This is because Confucian doctrine is centered on the importance of human relationships. If a son does not return from a long trip while his parents are still alive, he will make his parents worry; on the other hand, he will not be able to fulfill his duty of caring and supporting his parents. Confucius only asked his son to make a good plan before going out, and to tell his parents about the route, the time, and when he would return, so that the parents would have a clear idea of what was going on. At the same time, Confucius also attached great importance to the role of distant travel, as it is an important way to broaden experience, make friends with celebrities, and enhance learning. The Analects of Confucius begins by saying, "Learning from time to time, is not that so? There are friends from afar, is not also happy?" This is Confucius' welcome to the guests who came for him, and it is also a kind of benign guidance to the social phenomenon of frequent interpersonal communication and the flourishing of tourism at that time. Confucius also regarded touring as the ideal path for individual personality development, and he believed that only "to aspire to the Way, according to virtue, according to benevolence, touring in the arts", can make oneself a true gentleman. Therefore, Confucians believe that "to aspire to the four directions" is the ambition and basic image of a man's character. The intention is clear: they have planned two paths of self-realization for all men: to be a filial son or a loyal minister. For the family or for the nation. The goal of the former is to make the family happy, while the goal of the latter is to bring peace to the country. Since the Confucian masculine and aggressive, positive attitude towards life is to be in the temple, that is, to be bent on participating in politics, therefore, in Confucian doctrine, making sacrifices for parents and making sacrifices for the ruler and the state belong to the benevolent and the ambitious. Ming this, we can easily understand in the history of Chinese tourism why the theory of near travel than the theory of far travel is equally developed, adventure tourism and pleasure tourism as much as the importance of the people of our country.

The study of Confucianism will find that the Confucian idea of "happiness with the people", "the people are noble and the king is light" is also permeated in the Chinese tourism culture. In Mencius. There is a passage in "King Hui of Liang" about being happy with the people. According to Mencius, the wise man is happy with the people, so he can be happy with his happiness. Although the unscrupulous person has a pool or a marsh to play with, because he cannot play with the people, his happiness is not sustainable. He quoted the relevant sentence of "The People's Power as a Platform and a Swamp and the People's Joy" from the Book of Songs in praise of King Wen; and the folk proverb of the Xia Dynasty that the people hated King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty for his solo joy from the book of Shangshu, to give examples from the positive and negative sides to illustrate the difference between "being happy together with the people" and "being happy alone". This is to inspire and satirize King Hui of Liang.

A history of Chinese tourism culture has always been linked to this tradition of emphasizing the people. This viewpoint of combining the development of tourism with the implementation of benevolent government, and reflecting benevolent government through tourism, has had an extremely important impact on the development of tourism resources, the construction of tourism culture, and the formation of tourism cultural characteristics in ancient China. In Chinese history, due to the cultivation of this idea of "having fun with the people", a large number of local officials who combined the implementation of benevolent government with tourism development, such as Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Dongpo, Fan Zhongyan, etc., who regarded tourism as a part of politics, and who refused to talk about tourism in isolation from politics, and examined the people's situation at the same time while taking advantage of the pleasure of tourism. Heavy people's tradition is also manifested in the successive emperors did not dare to wantonly travel on, where the national events and the people's suffering at the expense of the monarchs, and a long distance travel, none of them are not by the people's legacy of blame.

To cherish the history of one's own nation and to care for the relics left by one's forefathers is almost common sense in the civilized world. And this tradition is especially prominent in China. Two thousand years ago, Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, repeatedly expressed his admiration for ancient cultures: he believed that the political system and academic culture of the Zhou Dynasty had reached unprecedented heights, and he longed for the reign of Yao and Shun. He described himself as "a man who believes in the ancient world, who describes it but does not write about it". For more than two thousand years, China's tourism culture has developed under the influence of this value orientation of "believing in the past". In the development of tourism resources and the appreciation of the taste of tourists, this characteristic is reflected exceptionally distinct. In terms of the construction of tourist attractions, the ancient Chinese were far less interested in opening up natural scenic spots than in building tourist attractions with ancient monuments, and they had a very strong sense of responsibility for preserving ancient tourist culture. It can be said that there is no country in the world in the process of its own historical development, like China is so rich in historical responsibility, so much attention to the preservation of tourism history, the Chinese people for generations have been seriously recorded in the history of their development of tourism resources, as well as their understanding of the beauty of the landscape, which can be left behind from generation to generation of scenic monumental historical materials and landscape attractions about the various kinds of mountain sciences and geography in the feeling. The

Keeping the rites and rituals intact, promoting extinction and succeeding extinction, believing in the past and describing the past. It can be said that these four sentences roughly summarize Confucius' view of culture. In the discussion of Chinese cultural history and world cultural history, no one has ever denied the historical achievements of Confucius in organizing and teaching ancient culture and preserving cultural heritage. Since the great unification of Confucianism has been dominant since Han Wu's sole respect for Confucianism, it has brought a lot of unique features to the ancient Chinese tourism culture, such as the cultural consciousness of respecting the ancient and emphasizing literature, and the promotion of extinction and succession, which has had a good impact on China's tourism culture. A bird's eye view of China's tourism culture history, attach importance to the revision of records, preserving the real historical materials for reference, is really our country's ancient and unceasing tradition. In ancient China, there is almost no famous mountains and rivers for which no one has written a journal, and some of the lesser-known landscapes and attractions have also been handed down to the world because of travelers' travelogues.

Confucianism's positive attitude towards the world has y influenced China's tourism culture, and Confucius's "the knowledgeable are happy with the water, and the benevolent are happy with the mountains" has created the Confucian humanistic "Bide" view of tourism. He closely linked mountains and waters with different ideological cultivation, temperament characteristics, and personality traits, so that the mountains and waters are personified and temperament; all the virtues that people have can be given to the mountains and waters; and people can achieve the purpose of recreation and longevity through visiting the mountains and waters. With the Confucian pioneered attention to the moral value of the tourism concept - "than the virtues that" contrary to the Lao Zhuang pioneered focus on the personality of the emotional tourism concept - "emotions that". And Confucianism contemporaneous reproduction, and y influenced our national psychological state, way of thinking and spiritual outlook of the Taoist thought, with its "quiet and do nothing" negative attitude of the world wrote another kind of free to pursue the pursuit of nature, back to simplicity of the tourism aesthetic culture.

Two, Laozhuang philosophy and tourism culture

The traditional Chinese culture of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism focus on governance, Buddhism focus on governance of the heart, Tao focus on governance, and the "Tao" is the highest philosophical concepts established by Laozi and Zhuangzi. Because Laozi and Zhuangzi are respected "Tao", so later called Taoism, and really Laozi way to the peak of the development to form the orthodox status of Taoism or Zhuangzi. At the same time, the Zhuangzi way and the relationship between tourism is inseparable. Zhuangzi's "way" is an important part of tourism culture, is a special form of our national culture, with the Chinese civilization and long history, while it is the carrier of national culture, in the long river of Chinese history, and Chinese traditional culture in many areas of flesh and blood relations, its traditional culture of ancient China is compatible with the ancient thought and culture of our country, the social life of the various fields have produced a huge and complex radiation effect on the culture of China. It has played a great role in promoting and protecting the development of Chinese culture.

Chuang Zi was a famous traveler in the pre-Qin era in China, who loved nature and believed that "there is great beauty in heaven and earth without words". Inherit and develop Laozi "Tao law of nature" concept, Zhuang Zi that Tao is beautiful, nothing is beautiful, nothing is natural, nature is the nature of heaven and earth, the understanding of the way of nature, should be taken to directly experience the synchronization of the way, that is, Zhuang Zi, "multiply the things in order to swim in the heart" intuitive way of experiencing, that is, we are talking about today's heaven and earth and nature and people in line with the tourism.

"Tour" appears frequently in "Zhuangzi". According to statistics, in addition to the names of people such as "ZiYou" *** appear 99 times, it has four meanings: (1) swimming. Such as "good swimmers can forget the water" ("Tianyuan"). (2) Game. For example, "If you ask about Gu Xi, you can now swim in Bosai" ("Pian Thumb"). Among them, "Bosai" is a game similar to rolling dice. (3) Use it freely. For example, "to have no thick into the interstice, to restore the edge of the tour will have more than enough" ("Nourishing Life Lord"). (4) Traveling. For example, "Riding on the clouds, riding the sun and moon, and traveling beyond the four seas" ("Easy Travel"), "Zigong traveled south to Chu" ("Heaven and Earth"), etc. The first three meanings of the word "travel" are "travel" and "travel". Among them, the first three meanings of "travel" in the "Zhuangzi" only 7 times, while the "travel" of "travel" is 92 times more. It can be seen that Zhuangzi's love of traveling. He held "alone with the spirit of the world and not Ao Ni in all things" attitude of life, dusty in Qi, Chu, Wei and other countries, travel in the mountains, rivers and forests, fishing in the Pu waterfront, swimming in the Hao Liang, and travel has formed an unbreakable bond, and tourism has produced a special understanding. "The great master" said: "the saint, the original beauty of heaven and earth and reach the reason of all things, is why the most people do nothing, the great saint of the great work, the view of heaven and earth is also called."" Viewing the heaven and earth is called", in our present words, is traveling. Zhuang Zi believes that the "view of heaven and earth" tourism can make the realm of life "unity of heaven and man", free travel, no hang-ups, and can enjoy "the beauty of heaven and earth" unlimited scenery, but also Zhuang Zi is the "way" of the important way and the best choice.

The reason why Zhuang Zi emphasized on traveling activities is that the medium of cultural and ideological exchanges at that time was extremely poor, and most of the words used to record the results of personal thought were written on bamboo slips, which brought great difficulties to the exchange of ideas. Therefore, in addition to the gathering of apprentices to teach, traveling around the world has become the hundred schools of thought for the dissemination of their own ideas and thought of both convenient and fast way. Zhuangzi" book records Zhuangzi traveled to Chu, Lu, Wei, Kuang and so on. In short, the social travel activities of the intellectuals of that era has become a custom, this custom in the subject of thinking to promote the achievements of the subject at the same time, but also to a certain extent to cultivate the subject's temperament and personality.

In the process of studying the philosophy of LaoZhuang, we always feel that in the Taoist school, LaoZi is "the most beautiful" and "the most joyful" as the "tour" of the highest interest, ZhuangZi is more advocate of "multiply things in order to tour the heart", think that man is a part of the nature, and called the unity of man and nature as "heaven and". He hoped to live according to the natural nature of man, liberated from the shackles of benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom, in order to seek spiritual freedom. In Zhuang Zi's whole idea of the strange and bizarre, the most revealing of his personality and feelings, is his "cloudy air, back and forth on the paper, in a moment, suddenly become a different view" of the "free travel" idea. This is consistent with his outlook on life, which is to escape from the world in order to seek the nature of nature. Free travel" is a special category and a special concept in the history of Chinese philosophy proposed by Zhuang Zi, which is not only an abstract generalization of the spiritual liberation of human beings in the unfree social conditions, but also an abstract embodiment of Zhuang Zi's own ideological character and Zhuang Zi's behavioral program of tourism. In essence, it embodies the high degree of unity between tourism and philosophy. It is proposed to mark our tourism landscape aesthetics, has been from the specific aesthetic experience, began to rise to the abstract scientific theory.

"Easy travel" is Zhuangzi's "tour" and "tourism" phenomenon of high philosophical abstraction and theoretical generalization. And this "free travel" refers to the freedom of spirit and behavior, is to get rid of the social reality at the time of the various shackles imposed on people's absolute freedom, is in the pursuit of the freedom of fantasy, but also a kind of no will, irrational, ultra-utilitarian, swimming in the metaphysical realm of the mind's free activities and spiritual invitation to travel. It is a kind of natural way of thinking, and its philosophical soil of reality is tourism. This kind of spiritual travel is generalized by the development of specific tourism activities, leap and sublimation. Zhuangzi "small knowledge is not as good as the big knowledge" of the generation and development of ideas, relying mainly on tourism to obtain the infinite information of the universe and the world and the feeling of supremacy, tourism is the Zhuangzi to get the "way" of the main way.

Ancient philosophers and writers emphasized that "the naturalness of my nature is the naturalness of the object", which is the necessary condition for absolute freedom and liberation of the spirit, and is the first step towards spiritual wanderings. So in a sense, Zhuangzi's "Tao" and Zhuangzi's "Tour" are compatible, Zhuangzi's "Tao" is Zhuangzi's "Tour", Zhuangzi's "Tour" is Zhuangzi's "Tao". He used to discuss the Tao of the tour, experienced a process from the concrete to the abstract, is an abstract tourism ideas and tourism theory of the tour - that is, the natural way of thinking along the "tour". In the abstract "tour" on the "Tao", the natural days of tourism and the characteristics of the smooth god of self-indulgence as the "Tao" principle throughout the entire conceptual system of Zhuangzi's "Tao" theory, tourism in Zhuangzi's "Tao" theory of the status and role of philosophy can be summarized as follows: (a) tourism to the heavens and the earth as an object of observation and study of all things, objectively inspire Zhuangzi through the complex phenomena to explore the origin of all things, the nature of the universe and the fundamental philosophical issues, so that the fundamental issues of the universe. The fundamental nature of the universe and other philosophical issues, so as to prove the originality of the Tao; (b) tourism, "natural sky release" features for Zhuangzi's "Tao" theory of natural nature to provide thinking prototype. It can be said that the creation of "Tao" is inspired by tourism, and "Tao" necessarily preserves the characteristics and traces of tourism. It is the material carrier of Zhuangzi's tourism, and tourism is governed to a certain extent by "Tao".

Vacidity is the Zhuangzi way of character, is the "heaven and earth," "the basis of all things," then, by the Zhuangzi way of cultivation and influence of Zhuangzi tourism naturally also to the outline of vacuity and quietness, in the words of the Zhuangzi, called "retreat and leisure travel, then the rivers and seas and mountains and forests of the Shi service." Zhuang Zi to the intention of nature to achieve communication between man and nature for the highest level of tourism, to produce a quiet state of mind and a sense of liberation from things for the ultimate goal of tourism to listen to the wind and gullies of the sound of music, experience the changing scenery, cave exploration for the best tourist environment, everywhere reflects the Zhuang Zi advocate quiet travel and travel ideas.

Chuang Zi is a positive advocate of Chinese tourism and the physical implementer. His faraway and indifferent free travel ideas, give future generations of proud of the wind and moon, look out of the sky hermit tourists and disillusioned eunuchs, wandering in the landscape of the scholars of the great solace of the soul and travel mode demonstration." Picking chrysanthemums under the East Fence, leisurely seeing the South Mountain. Mountain air day and night good, birds fly with each other," the leisurely life of seclusion, is Tao Yuanming back to simplicity to return to the true interest of the expression; "the first scene of the revolution in the wind, the new sun to change the old yin. Pond spring grass, garden willow degree songbird" of the disease to see the depiction of vitality, it is Xie Kangle depressed mood of meditation. Busy in the world of people if you can be like Zhuangzi, the appearance of things, introspection in the heart, will be able to jump out of the mundane, in line with nature, back to simplicity, into the realm of free travel.

As the founder of the ancient Chinese Taoist tourism theory, Zhuangzi's contribution to tourism lies not only in his physical advocacy of tourism, put forward a series of tourism advocates, but also lies in his rare tourism phenomenon itself to think about, so as to establish its own unique tourism theory system. If China's tourism culture tradition is a stream, then, cohesion in the "Zhuangzi" in the tourism thinking and tourism theory is the source. Zhuangzi really opened the tradition of Chinese tourism culture in the Taoist dimension, which has an epoch-making significance in the history of Chinese tourism culture.

Three, Buddhism and tourism culture

As one of the world's three major religions of Buddhism, with obvious oriental colors. Buddhist culture has a profound impact on our country, China's long history of Buddhist tourism resources, the number of fine art is well-known in China and abroad. However, due to historical reasons, people usually only see certain aspects of the surface phenomenon of Buddhism at a lower level, so as soon as they speak of Buddhism, some people think that it is to burn incense to seek God and kowtow to Buddha. In fact, the rigor of Buddhism and the standardization of its teachings and rituals have made Buddhism very influential in all aspects of thought, culture and politics. Therefore, a Buddhist journey should be more on the purification of life, more discursive understanding, and not just to seek a fortune-telling, looking around or front and back.

Buddhism has been introduced to China since the Western Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin and North-South Dynasties, there was social unrest, war and suffering. Buddhism with its great compassion, universal relief of all beings, karma, the doctrine of good punishment of evil won the faith of people at all levels. In addition, the upper class people out of the "family abandoned the chapter and verse, people value the foreign arts," the cultural mentality, so they are also happy to travel to the Buddhists. Metaphysics and Buddhism **** to the mingling of Chinese culture has produced both deep and wide impact on the development of Chinese tourism culture has made a significant contribution.

Buddhist philosophy, like Taoist philosophy, is the philosophy of the world, and its basic spirit is the old Zhuang advocated conformity to nature, return to simplicity. Therefore, there is a long tradition of traveling in the Buddhist world. There is a widely circulated Mahayana classic "Avatamsaka Sutra", which introduces the vivid story of "Entering the Dharma Realm", in which a child, Guang Shan Cai, who started from Manjushri Bodhisattva, then traveled to hundreds of cities to ask for advice and finally proved that "the Dharma Realm of Hua Yan" was a great knowledge. For thousands of years, Chinese Buddhists have taken the Good Fortune Boy as an example, and have promoted the growth and development of folk tourism through the "westward journey to seek the law," traveling to ask for advice, and pilgrimage to mountainous scenic spots.

The Chinese monks' travels were inspired by the Buddha's "procession and teaching" way of preaching. According to Buddhism, life is "impermanent" and full of pain, and only by practicing Buddhism can one get rid of the pain of life and death and enter the realm of transcendence of life and death. In order to get out of the sea of suffering, many Buddhists traveled thousands of miles to foreign lands in search of the true scriptures. As early as the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chinese and Indian Buddhists began to interact. Han Mingdi period, "white horse pack scripture" Buddhism to the east of the scriptures of historical records, vividly reflects the spread of Buddhism and the rise of tourism activities. Since then, there have been monks and great masters from ancient India and the Western Regions who have come to China to translate and preach the scriptures. Such as An Shigao, An Xuan, Zhu Fosuo and so on. They are knowledgeable, traveled alone, in the dissemination of Buddhism at the same time, but also brought the rich and colorful culture and art of foreign countries. Their pious religious beliefs and noble dedication greatly inspired Chinese monks to seek the Buddha's teachings, pilgrimage to the holy relics of the enthusiasm, the formation of a thousand years of "westward journey to seek the law" movement. With a pious heart, or by land, or by waterway, "light death to wade onion river (now Xinjiang area), heavy words and the naphthalene garden (India)". The number of people, the distance, travel the difficult, long in the history of ancient travel are rare. In hundreds of thousands of monks seeking the law, to Fa Xian, Xuanzang, Yi Jing and other most famous. Everywhere they went, that is, to seek masters, learning Buddhism, and understand the local situation, customs and folklore, learned to return home with a large number of scriptures and images, and actively engaged in the translation work. They wrote the travelogue monograph "Buddha's country", "the record of the Western Regions of Datang" and "the South China Sea sends back to the law within the biography" and so on, is today the study of ancient India and South Asia's history, geography, culture and religion of the important information, was translated into a variety of languages published in the world's cultural treasury of the important wealth. There are four words, called "a thousand years", that is to say, although history has passed, but "has been made not lost", the karma created by the accumulation does not come, the achievements of our today. Since Buddhism was introduced to China from India, it has been "grafted" on the soil of China's feudal society, taking root, growing, and producing a unique structure and weather of Chinese Buddhism.

In the natural landscape in the residence of the quiet practice, light Buddhist theory of tourism has always been very popular among monks." A bowl of a thousand meals, a lone monk traveling ten thousand miles." Monks cloud water all over the body, unattached, to visit the good knowledge, promote the dharma, and guide the living beings for business. They advocate nature, vegetarian landscape embellishment of the divine form, and will travel to the landscape, taste the landscape and in the landscape in the consultation of metaphysics, play Zen theory, the development of a famous monk's style. They are also deep valleys, 10,000 feet high cliffs, desert grottoes, river island secluded seashore, deep countryside is the ideal place for Buddhist tour, although the Buddhist party activities have their own specific significance, and can not be equated with tourism activities, but if the participation in the activities of the objective evaluation, but it is not difficult to see its close links with tourism activities. In this sense, Buddhist tourism is indeed an active participant in tourism activities. Not only that, they are also the builders of Buddhist tourist resorts. Looking around our country, where there are Buddhist temples and pagodas, all of them have green branches like daisy, blue grass like Yin, the environment is quiet, pleasant scenery. As the old saying goes, "The world is full of good words spoken by Buddha, and the world's famous mountains are occupied by many monks". The contributions made by the monks and their hard work and entrepreneurial spirit are admirable!

Buddhists through travel, Buddhism and metaphysics, Confucianism, intermingled, the formation of Chinese cultural characteristics of Buddhist tourism culture - Zen. It is with the fate and peace, and the world of thought and Confucianism, happy to know the fate of the poor and happy, in line with the thinking of the times, and with the Taoist do nothing not to fight, and the attitude of the Shun, especially with Zhuangzi to avoid the world, the idea of the world, the world of thought in line with the tour. The compatibility of the three ideas, the development of China's tourism culture and tourism activities have played a significant role in promoting.

Whether it is Confucianism, Taoism or Buddhism, they will be the relationship between man and nature from the mysterious, alienation into understanding, affinity, all show that the human landscape consciousness has been liberated from the God's bondage, all the beauty of human nature (or morality, or emotion,) and the beauty of the landscape organically combined, and the full affirmation of the moral value of man and the value of emotion. Throughout the ages, a large number of tourism culture works show that Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, these three kinds of tourism concepts are in fact influencing and promoting the development of China's tourism culture.

The Chinese people from ancient times is a yearning for nature, prefer freedom, happy to travel the nation, from the ancient times of the saint Shun to open the curtain of this journey by way of its tour since thousands of years, in the mountains and rivers of the Xia Li, the scenery of the spectacular Chinese on the ground, I do not know how many of China's heroes, with its arduous and desperate travel life to the world to show them the heroic posture of the progress of the vigorous, but also do not know how many I don't know how many people of the Yellow Emperor and Sun with their countless travel activities for the glorious Chinese culture to add a magnificent one. It is they, Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Fa Xian and many travelers, writing a brilliant chapter in the history of Chinese tourism culture!