How to write the folk custom investigation report of hong cun in Xidi, Anhui? Spend 4000 words

Yi county is one of the birthplaces of Huizhou merchants and Huizhou culture. The mountains are separated, and there has been no war in the past. A large number of ancient houses, ancestral halls, archways, temples, gardens and other ancient buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties have been well preserved so far. During the period of 1999, Xidi and Hongcun in Yixian County were listed on the World Heritage List for their well-preserved traditional features, which was the first time in the world.

"yi county small taoyuan, misty thyme. There are many plants and trees and people still wear ancient clothes. " This is the poet Li Baiyun's feeling of traveling here, telling the quiet scenery and simple folk customs of yi county, a small county town with a population of only 100,000 in the mountainous area of southern Anhui where Xidi and Hongcun are located. Yixian County is located in the birthplace of Huizhou culture, and the county culture has typical Huizhou cultural characteristics, including frugal etiquette of Chinese culture, smart and honest merchant culture, deep and quiet landscape culture, and more typical is the ancient Huizhou cultural architectural style with strong merchant atmosphere. Xidi and Hongcun, as typical representatives of ancient villages in southern Anhui, were well-known long before they entered the world heritage. There are more than 440 complete residential buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with exquisite layout, exquisite structure, beautiful decoration and exquisite construction, which are rare in the world. At the foot of the world famous mountain of "Huangshan returns without looking at Yue", Xidi and Hongcun are backed by green hills, surrounded by clean streams and playing house; Pieces of ancient dwellings in Ming and Qing dynasties stand quietly, and the majestic horse head wall is full of swaying charm; The gray antique house walls reveal the shadow of mottled wind and frost years, exuding ancient majesty and vicissitudes; Beautiful clan poetry halls, academies and memorial archways are silently displaying the elaborate design and exquisite skills of Huizhou ancient buildings.

Xidi has a history of more than 950 years, covering an area of nearly 13 hectares. The whole village is boat-shaped and surrounded by mountains. Two streams meet at Huiyuan Bridge in the south of the village from the north and east of the village respectively. The village takes a vertical street and two roads along the river as the main skeleton, forming a village street system extending east and north and south. The village space is full of charm, the architectural color is simple and elegant, the ground is paved with bluestone, and wood carving, stone carving and brick carving are rich and colorful. Xidi people were originally descendants of Emperor Lee in the Tang Dynasty, and later generations lived here. The original form of the village has always maintained the authenticity and integrity of historical development. The owners of the "fine" Ming and Qing dwellings that have been preserved now are all Huizhou merchants of that year. Therefore, until today, there are still "three old things" hanging in the living room: the east bottle and the west mirror, and the middle bell. It shows that family members want their relatives who do business abroad to be "quiet forever". Xidi from14th century to19th century has three ancestral halls, a memorial archway and 224 ancient dwellings. It has well preserved the typical ancient villages in Ming and Qing dynasties and is known as the "Museum of Ancient Dwellings".

Hongcun was founded in 1 13 1. Seen from a height, the whole village is like a green cow lying on a stream in front of the mountain. The moon pool in the village is called "Niuwei", a river with nine twists and eighteen bends is called "Niuchang", and the four wooden bridges on the Yushan River in the west of the village are called "Niuwei". Hongcun has 137 ancient buildings in Ming and Qing dynasties, including water conservancy facilities such as Yuebog, Nanhu Lake and Shuizhen with a history of more than 400 years. Chengzhitang is a magnificent and exquisite masterpiece in ancient folk houses in southern Anhui. Doors and windows are all carved out of wood. The beam in the front hall is engraved with "official map banquet", the column on the floor of the middle door is engraved with "fishing and plowing", and the god of wealth in the north and south is engraved with "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The "Shang" pattern above the side door is rich in layers and vivid in image. 100 years later, it is still magnificent today. It is said that when the owner who made a fortune in business built a house, it was only used for the decoration of the surface of wood carving, that is, it cost 100 more gold.

In recent years, under the situation that Huangshan City has established a national environmental protection model city and yi county has established a national ecological demonstration zone, yi county has taken ecological environmental protection as the key point of implementing the sustainable development strategy, adhered to the principle of "protection first, scientific planning, rational development and sustainable utilization", and made full use of the unique advantages of tourism resources on the basis of formulating the protection plan for Xidi and Hongcun ancient houses, accelerated the development of humanistic tourism featuring ancient houses, and explored a path of sustainable development. protect the environment

And building an eco-tourism service-oriented town has become the overall guiding ideology of Yixian County.

The local people fully realize that the biggest advantage of vigorously developing tourism in this county is the well-preserved ancient villages, ancient dwellings and ancient buildings, so it is most important to strengthen the protection of ancient village buildings, land use functions and the original features of ancient village outlines; Strictly control the scale of capital construction, reduce the pressure of ancillary facilities and merchants' activities in scenic spots, and restore the open background space of ancient dwellings; Do a good job in the environmental impact assessment of tourism development projects, rationally plan and arrange public facilities and houses, absolutely avoid interfering with the ecological functions of scenic spots and affecting the main image of the system in capital construction, and pay full attention to keeping the engineering facilities in harmony with the overall environment; In the field of municipal construction, we will earnestly implement the relevant policies of Huangshan Municipal Government on "protecting, changing and building emblems". At the same time, a series of measures to protect resources and environment have been introduced, and a number of ecological construction projects have been won, and green corridor construction projects and national public welfare forest ecological construction projects have been implemented. In order to better protect the world cultural heritage and try to avoid man-made destruction, Xidi and Hongcun towns have established new districts and compiled new district plans to protect the environment reasonably and in a planned way. At present, Xidi Government Affairs New District has been completed and put into use, and Hongcun Government Affairs New District is under preparation. In order to improve the environmental quality and strengthen the ecological environment protection in Xidi area, Yixian Taoyuan Building Materials Factory, a major polluter in Xidi area, closed at the end of 2006. Hongcun sewage treatment project passed the expert review in early 2007, and now it has entered the initial expansion stage.

For more than ten years, Xidi and Hongcun have influenced each other and brought out the best in each other. The two places received nearly 2 million Chinese and foreign tourists, and the direct income from tourism reached more than 20 million yuan. In June 2007, Xidi and Hongcun were awarded as "National Towns with Beautiful Environment". Of course, the protection of Xidi and Hongcun ancient villages also faces many problems, such as how to coordinate the relationship between the commercialization of residential houses and historical features and tourism environment, the contradiction between residents' use of modern electrical appliances and the harmony of ancient villages, drainage pollution and fire hazards in ancient villages, and so on.