Why Italy's tradition and modernization can be interdependent

Tradition and modernity go hand in hand in Italy

Italy is the world's seventh-largest economy, the eighth-largest trading nation, the eighth-largest exporting nation, the birthplace of modern civilized thought, with vibrant small and medium-sized enterprises and a highly developed fashion industry. nine scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics, Chemistry and Medicine in the 20th century. Basic research in physics and astronomy (such as superconducting tokomaks, synchrotron radiation, cosmic ray research and the development of large-scale astronomical telescopes, etc.), clinical medicine, biomedicine, chemistry and other fields are at the forefront of the world. High-tech fields such as space technology, information and communications, high-performance parallel computers (computing speeds have reached trillions of times per second), and nuclear energy are competitive internationally.

I. High-tech Fields

(I) Aerospace Industry

Italy has a high level of technology in launch vehicle structure, solid booster, fuel pump, satellite antenna, space laboratory pressure chamber, temperature control system, sealing system and so on. Every five years, Italy formulates a national space development plan, which is basically funded by the Government and implemented by the National Space Agency. Research and development activities are carried out in the areas of basic space research, utilization of the International Peace Space Station, communications, Earth observation, ground data-processing centers, training, etc.

The FINMECCANICA group is a core company in the Italian aerospace, defense, energy, transportation and automation sectors, and other representative aerospace companies are:

Avio

S.p.A.: an aero-engine designer and manufacturer with 5,000 employees .

SELEX COMMUNICATIONS: a supplier of military and civil communications systems, with communications operations worldwide, employing more than 5,000 people, and with subsidiaries and factories in Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Turkey, Romania and South America. Products include: laser warning receivers for aeronautical platforms, VUHF radios with enhanced energy management capabilities, HF radios, IFF heterodyne radar transceivers/finders, crash recorders, two-way communication systems, landing systems; as well as LOAM-type laser collision avoidance and monitoring systems, coastal and land border surveillance systems, maritime emergency management systems, airports, and secure flight management systems, Airport Command System, and other products.

Alenia

(Alenia

Aeronautica): mainly engaged in a variety of military and civil aircraft and flight system design, manufacture, modification, about 9000 employees.

Agusta-Westland: a leader in helicopter manufacturing, currently 100% owned by Finmeccan Group, with about 9,000 employees worldwide. Its helicopters for sea rescue, offshore oil platform operations and military and police use have a large share of the international market. The group also owns a number of key technologies and products such as carbon fiber composites.

Alenia

Spazio: a European leader in telecommunications, remote sensing, orbital systems and scientific satellites, with a large number of highly skilled and experienced technicians, as well as some of the most modern and advanced laboratories and equipment in Europe.

Vitrociset: European leader in the design, manufacture, integration and management of integrated systems for defense systems and air traffic control.

Piaggio

Aero

Industries: specializes in the design, manufacture and maintenance of structural components for aircraft and aircraft engines, and is a leader in its field in Italy and internationally, now employing more than 1,100 people.

Space Communications (Telespazio): works globally in the application of satellite technology, including the most significant international space projects.

(ii) High-speed rail and urban rail technology

Italy was the first country in Europe to apply the European Railway Management System (ERMS) to the operation of commercial high-speed railroads, and is an international leader in high-speed rail and urban rail design, construction, integration of key technologies for railroad safety, and rolling stock manufacturing technology.

In terms of rail transportation vehicles, Ansaldo produces driverless urban rail vehicles and other advanced technology, and the Danish Copenhagen metro vehicles are provided by the company.

In terms of railroad locomotive manufacturing, railroad safety control systems and robotic camera systems for the International Space Station, MERMEC Machine Manufacturing is in an international leading position.

(C) Specialized machinery and equipment, machine tools and robots

Italy's machinery and equipment industry is ranked fourth in the world (second in Europe), with total sales of 21.4 billion euros and a very high proportion of exports (more than 70% of the value of production). Germany, China and the United States are important customers for Italian products. The Italian machinery industry is characterized by creativity, high technical standards, expertise in customized product solutions and a long tradition of production.

Machine tools and robots is Italy in the field of high-tech exports of the most active and high value-added products, but also China's imports from Italy's main advantage of the product. 2006 Italy's machine tools and robots reached 4.8 billion euros in output value, exports of 2.73 billion euros, respectively, compared with 2005, an increase of 11.2% and 15.3%. China has become the second largest importer of Italian machine tools and robots.

Italy's robotics industry is the essence of Italy's machinery manufacturing industry, in some aspects of the technical level has exceeded Germany and Japan. Currently Italian robotics production enterprises **** 50, companies invested annually in research and development costs generally accounted for 5% to 10% of its sales. Italy for vehicle manufacturing robotic systems, such as welding robots, vehicle assembly robots, body painting process robots in the world at the leading level.

(D) biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry

In 2006, Italy's biotechnology enterprises***222, most of which are engaged in research, development and production of products related to human health, their sales accounted for 94% of the total sales of biotechnology companies. Italian biotechnology enterprises with a total of 14,000 employees, enterprise sales in 2006 was 4.083 billion euros, research and development investment of 1.283 billion euros. Currently in the world of 418 new drugs, Italian biotechnology companies developed 77, accounting for 18.4%, 35 in the preclinical stage of research, 42 have entered the clinical trial stage. 222 companies, 168 companies with fewer than 50 employees, with an average of 10 million euros in sales. Italy has unique technologies, products and a relatively large R&D system in the pharmaceutical field. Especially anti-tumor, anti-psychotic drugs and other manufacturing technology and products in the international leading position. At present Italy has about 50 kinds of new drugs in phase III clinical trials.

Italy attaches great importance to the industrialization of scientific research, which has given birth to a variety of biotechnology parks, which have their own expertise in the fields of diagnostics, neuroscience, oncology, etc., and also in the fields of biomedicine, bioinformatics, biomechanics, and nanobioscience and technology to achieve the results of the application.

(V) Environmental Protection Technology Industry

1. Municipal and Industrial Waste Treatment

Italy has rich experience and capacity in municipal and industrial waste treatment, which can be divided into two categories according to the technology and treatment procedures: mechanical treatment procedures and chemical treatment procedures, such as pre-processing and sorting, composting of municipal organic waste to landfills, and generation of waste-derived fuels. Thermal treatment processes with different combustion systems (including rotating cartridge furnaces, reciprocating cycle furnaces and rolling grates, fluidized beds, pyrolysis gasification technologies, etc.). Impergilo is the Italian leader in this field. The incineration plants designed and built by Impergilo comply with the strict European emission regulations and allow the production of energy (steam and electricity) from the waste. Impregilo has built two of the largest municipal waste incineration plants in Europe in Italy. In order to strengthen its dominant position in the environmental protection market, in 2002 Impregilo acquired Babcock

Environment, a leading German environmental engineering company. As a result, Impregilo holds a 20% global market share in the field of solid waste treatment and waste-to-energy incineration, ranking second, and a 25% market share in the field of smog treatment, ranking first in the world. Fisia

Babcock

Environment, which is currently building seven waste-to-energy plants in Denmark, Switzerland, Germany and Italy, and many smog treatment plants with advanced technology in the United States and Europe, has supplied major incinerator equipment for waste-to-energy plants in Shanghai and Ningbo.

2. Solar Energy Utilization and Photovoltaic Cells

Eurosolare, a subsidiary of ENI Group, has been engaged in the development of photovoltaic cell devices for 20 years. The company produces monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules with outputs ranging from 16Wp to 170Wp, and also offers modules for architectural use and special requirements. In addition, Eurosolare produces and sells PV modules and provides technical support from design to implementation of PV systems.

3. Waste treatment

ECOLSIR is a company with headquarters in INVERUNO and a production plant in BERNATE, near Milan, whose objectives are defined in the field of ecology: research and development, engineering, treatment of toxic waste, recycling of industrial materials, remediation techniques, especially for PCBs of electrical installations (e.g.: transformers, line disconnectors, capacitors, etc.), PCB decontamination technology for electrical devices (e.g. transformers, line disconnectors, capacitors, etc.) and PCB decontamination technology for dielectric mineral oils.ECOLSIR has been in the field of PCB decontamination technology since 1985, and offers the world's best and safest solution to the problems related to PCB contamination.

4. Pollution Detection

The Institute of Atmospheric Pollution (IIA), which is part of the Italian National Research Institute (CNR), is a technological and industrialization center specializing in the study of emissions, formation, transformation, transport, deposition of atmospheric pollutants, and the development of related products and technologies. The main products and technologies include remote sensing detection systems: flight simulation devices that can interpret MIVIS remote sensing data; air pollution monitoring systems: equipment for air quality monitoring programs developed by CNR-IIA: pollution monitoring samplers and for passive sampling systems.

5. Bioplastics

Mater-Bi is a bioplastic produced from starch. It is used by the UK's major supermarket chains Sainsbury and Tesco as packaging for biological products, and has been used by the Swedish company Naty for the production of baby diapers, a product originated and industrialized by Italy's Novamont. Based in Novara, Piedmont, the company has been working for 16 years on the production of film, packaging, tire additives, agricultural film and household products from fully biodegradable materials. For its commitment to environmental sustainability and product innovation, the United Nations Environment Program has awarded Novamont Italy with awards and research and development support.

Novaumont became profitable in 2002 and in 2005 had a turnover of 35 million euros. The company employs 120 people, 30% of whom are engaged in corporate research and development, and reinvests an average of 12% of its turnover in research and development. Recently they have been working directly with Goodyear to produce additives for rubber tires, which, by replacing the silicon and carbon black in traditional ingredients, create rubber with a low impact on both the environment and the health of workers.

Second, the traditional advantageous technology industry

(I) Automobile Manufacturing

Enterprises represented by the Italian Fiat Group have their own unique features in vehicle design, manufacturing and engine design and manufacturing, especially the "Multijet" is the most advanced diesel engine in the world. In particular, the Multijet diesel engine is the most advanced diesel engine product in the world.

The development of the industry is also reflected in the large number of companies, universities and research centers working in this field. According to the data, Italy has not only proposed more programs than any other country in the EU's Sixth Framework Program for Technological Research and Development 2002-2006, "Sustainable Development and Global Change - Sustainable Transportation," but most of them have received financial support from the European Union. Most of them have received financial support from the EU. The "Sustainable Development and Global Change - Sustainable Transportation" program calls for tenders not only for sustainable transportation, but also for design and manufacturing technologies that reduce vehicle weight and facilitate vehicle recycling, as well as new drivetrains and fuels.

Major companies:

Fiat Group was founded in 1899, based on Fiat Automobile Company, gradually developed into Italy's largest automobile manufacturer, the industry involves finance, insurance, aviation, energy and other areas of development, the annual production capacity of the car more than 2 million units. Fiat once fell into an operational crisis, and began to regain profitability in the past two years. As of the end of 2005, Fiat has 189 enterprises in Italy and the world, 120 R & D centers, 173,700 employees. 2005 operating income of 46.5 billion euros, profit of 1.42 billion euros, ranked 10th in the global automobile manufacturers, in this year's "Fortune" in the world's top 500 ranked 79.

(2) Automobile design and spare parts manufacturing technology

In the history of Italy, automobile design has always represented the essence of its history. Many of the models of the world's major automobile manufacturers bear the unique stamp of Italian designers. Major representatives include the Pininfarina Group and Giorgio Aaro Design. Their extensive in-depth research into automobile styles, aerodynamics, new processes, new materials, and safety, and their ability to meet market demands with maximum flexibility, have made these two companies world leaders in automobile design.

Italy has a long history of auto parts production, especially tires and precision machinery, apparatus machinery. The production of gears, connectors and molds in the world's top, with 190,000 employees and a turnover of more than 22 billion euros. In Europe, Italy is ranked in Germany, France after the third largest producer of auto parts.