Dai festival customs

What festivals and customs do Dai people have? The main festivals of the Dai people are the Songkran Festival, the Closing Festival and the Opening Festival, which are all related to Buddhism. Closing and opening festivals are the biggest fasting periods in the whole year, and grand "Buddha worship" activities and grand Buddhist ceremonies are held everywhere. Everyone should offer food, flowers, scriptures, clothes and coins to the Buddha according to the rules of Buddhism. The whole social activities are full of religious activities. Songkran Festival is an important traditional festival of Dai people, and it is the New Year of Dai calendar. During the festival, the Dai people will hold water splashing, dragon boat racing, flying high and other recreational activities, hoping to drive away past disasters and diseases and pray for a good weather, abundant crops and prosperous people and animals in the new year.

Songkran Festival: Dai New Year. From June 24th to 26th in the Dai calendar (mid-April in the summer calendar), the festival lasts for 3 to 5 days. In the early morning of the festival, men, women and children bathe and change clothes, and go to the Buddhist temple to worship the Buddha, that is, sprinkle water on the Buddha to wash the dust, and then splash water on each other to eliminate disasters. Later, splashing water was used as a play and staged as a festival. According to legend, in ancient times, the fire demon did evil and stole seven girls. Shannon, the youngest girl, learned the secret of killing the fire demon: pull out its hair and strangle it. The devil is in a fireball. Where it falls, it will catch fire. The girls threw water at each other and put out the evil fire. This legend became a habit along the river and gradually became the Water-splashing Festival. It is said that this custom originated in India, and Brahmins bathe in the river at this time of year to wash away their sins. When the old man can't go into the river, his children will splash water to wash their sins. Later, it was introduced to the Dai area in China.

Kaimen Festival: Dai language is called "Chuva", which means Buddha leaves the temple. Traditional religious festivals of Dai people in Yunnan. It is held on1February15th of the Dai calendar every year. Its activities are the same as the closing day. On the day of Dai calendar1February 15, what was put behind the Buddha when entering the cave was taken out and burned, indicating that the Buddha had come out of the cave. /kloc-on 0/6, the monk left the cave, and the whole family went to the cave to worship Buddha. /kloc-A grand "flower-catching" activity was held on 0/7, because the Buddha returned to the world after giving a lecture in the Western Heaven for three months, so all villages had to beat gongs and drums to hold a grand welcoming activity for the Buddha, and at the same time confessed their sins to the Buddha in the shack for one year. Monks take this opportunity to preach teachings to young men and women.

The opening day coincided with the busy farming season, the weather was getting colder, and there were not many Buddhist activities. Young people could fall in love or get married, while adults went out to do business or visit relatives and friends. This season is the time when the Dai people have the most cultural and recreational activities. People set off sparks, lit lamps, flew high and traveled around the village, which was very lively.

Closing the door: Dai language is called "entering the depression", which means that Buddha enters the temple. Yunnan Dai traditional religious festival, lasting for three months, began in the fifteenth day of the ninth year of the Dai calendar (mid-July of the lunar calendar). According to legend, every year on the ninth day of September in the Dai calendar, the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture with his mother, and returned to the world in March. Once, just as the Buddha was going to the west to talk about his menstrual period, thousands of Buddhists went to the countryside to preach, trampling on the crops of the people and delaying their production. People complained bitterly and were very dissatisfied with Buddhists. When the Buddha learned about this, he felt uneasy. From then on, whenever the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture, all Buddhists got together and stipulated that during these three months, they were not allowed to go anywhere but to repent to atone for their sins. Therefore, people call it "closing day" in seconds.

The activity of entering the depression has been passed down from generation to generation, forming several fixed activities: every year in the early morning of September 15 in the Dai calendar, temples (Buddhist temples) beat drums to announce the Buddha's entry into the cave. At this time, Christians must get up immediately or sit in bed. When the old man wrapped flowers, incense, candles and money paper into a package and sent it to the back seat of the Buddha statue in the coffin room, two hours later, the coffin room drummed again, and the believers could go back to sleep, while the old man stayed in the coffin room until dawn. 16, believers entered the cave to worship Buddha; On the eighth day, every household sent food to the Buddha, and then He Qing still read the Peace Sutra and told historical stories. They were very moved after hearing this and donated merits on the spot. During the three months of entering the depression, every eighth, fifteenth, twenty-third and thirtieth day, every old man has to go to the temple to worship Buddha once. The night before, they slept in a special house in the temple, and the young people brought meals to the old people. These activities follow the custom. Later, on the closing day, people will hold a grand event and offer sacrifices to the Buddha with food, flowers, wax sticks and money. During these three months, I will have a "small trip" every seven days.

After the closing ceremony began, it entered the busy farming season. In order to concentrate on productive labor, people have formulated many rules and regulations: young men and women are forbidden to fall in love and get married; Monks are not allowed to go out casually; People who worship Buddha in the mausoleum can't leave home or spend the night in other homes. No one is allowed to enter the Buddhist house, go to the Buddhist platform, take Buddhist objects, etc. It was not until three months later, the opening day, that people resumed all their daily activities before the closing day.

Traditional Dai festivals in the area of Qimaba, Lvchun County, Yunnan Province. It is held on the 13th day of the first lunar month every year, and the festival lasts for one day. This is a traditional festival unique to the local Dai people. & gt

What are the customs of Dai traditional festivals? Dai is a nation with a long history and unique culture. In China, it mainly lives in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and Dehong Autonomous Prefecture.

There are many festivals in Dai nationality, the most striking of which are closing festival, opening festival and water splashing festival.

Opening and closing ceremonies

These are two closely related Dai traditional festivals.

The closing festival begins in mid-July and lasts for about three months, while the opening festival is held in mid-October.

During the village closing festival, no marriage or building is allowed, and no large-scale entertainment activities are held in the village. Three months later, when the closing day expires, the Dai people will hold the opening day celebration.

Opening the door is also called "getting out of the depression". On the day of the festival, what was put behind the Buddha during the closing ceremony was taken out and burned, indicating that the Buddha had "walked out of the depression"; On the second day of the festival, the whole family went to the temple to worship Buddha; On the third day, there will be a grand "flower catching" activity, which is a temple fair integrating sacrifice, * * *, art and commerce.

During the Opening Day, young men and women dressed in costumes went to the Buddhist temple to worship Buddha, offering food, flowers, wax strips and coins. After the worship, a grand entertainment was held to celebrate the end of fasting since the closing ceremony. The main contents include setting off sparks, rising and lighting lanterns.

At this time, the rice harvest is finished, so the opening day is also a festival to celebrate the harvest. Young people can fall in love or get married at this time, and adults can go on business trips or visit relatives and friends.

the Water Sprinkling Festival

Apart from the closing ceremony and the opening ceremony, the Songkran Festival is the most distinctive festival of the Dai people, which is held in mid-April of the Gregorian calendar.

At the Water-Splashing Festival, people will worship Buddha. The girls will wash the dust for the Buddha with fresh water floating with flowers, then splash water on each other and bless each other. At first, water was splashed with hands and bowls, and later with pots and barrels. The more intense the splash, the drums, splashing water and cheers will become one. Traditional entertainment activities such as dragon boat racing and flying lanterns will also be held during this period.

When you go to Xishuangbanna during the festival, you can not only feel the cheerful festive atmosphere, but also see the characteristic bamboo house where the Dai people live: the approximately square bamboo house is supported by dozens of thick bamboos, with suspended floors and thatched rows covering the roof. Here you can also eat delicious bamboo rice and enjoy the wonderful peacock dance of Dai girls.

But before going, it is necessary to understand the taboos of the Dai people: they are afraid of outsiders riding horses, driving cattle, carrying burdens, and entering the stockade unkempt; When entering the Dai bamboo house, you should take off your shoes outside the door and walk gently inside. You can't sit above or across the fireplace, you can't enter the owner's inner room, you can't sit on the threshold, etc.

Traditional Festival Customs in Xishuangbanna: Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province has the only tropical rain forest nature reserve in China, and Dai people have lived in Banna for generations. Due to its proximity to Thailand, Myanmar and other Buddhist countries, Hinayana Buddhism is deeply rooted in people's hearts here, and Buddhist temples and pagodas full of Southeast Asian customs can be seen everywhere. Dai people are basically devout Buddhists. Jinuo taboo: Jinuo people have many unwritten taboos, such as: cooking muntjac head must be done after women sleep, and lying-in women can't eat it in copper pots or iron pots. Hani custom taboo: In the Hani cottage, when relatives, friends or guests visit, the host and hostess at home will take the initiative to go out and warmly welcome them and help the guests take off their bags and other things. Yi customs taboo: avoid swearing in front of everyone; When there are patients in the Yi family, it is forbidden to say things like death or injury.

Don't say "kill pig", say "catch pig" or "take pig". Don't touch the young monk's head: when the monk is practicing in the temple, he is not allowed to talk and laugh with women, and outsiders are not allowed to touch the young monk's head. If an outsider (especially a woman) touches it too much, it will be regarded as an enemy. The young monk's self-cultivation time is invalid and he must start from scratch. Therefore, if foreign tourists visit temples, they must remember this custom.

What traditional festivals do Dai people have?

The Buddhist Bath Festival ("Shuanlan" in Dai language), also known as the Water Splashing Festival, originated from a ceremony of Brahmanism in ancient India and was later absorbed by Buddhism. It was introduced into Dai areas with Buddhism from the end of12nd century to the beginning of13rd century. With the increasing influence of Buddhism in Dai areas, the Buddha Bathing Festival has become a custom of Dai people and has been circulating for hundreds of years.

The Buddha Bath Festival is generally held in June of the Da Dai calendar, which is equivalent to mid-April of the Gregorian calendar. At the Buddha Bath Festival, we should wash away the dust for the Buddha with clear water, and then splash water on each other to wish each other peace. Later, it gradually developed into a pot and barrel, and it became more and more fierce, with drums, gongs, splashing water and cheers.

In Xishuangbanna, the Bathing Buddha Festival is promoted as the "Water Splashing Festival". Every year, traditional entertainment activities such as dragon boat racing, flying high and flying lights and various song and dance parties are held, attracting tourists from China and all over the world. In Dehong area, the Bathing Buddha Festival is still just a religious festival.

Summer festival

Summer Festival ("Haowa" in Dai language), also known as "Closing the Door Festival", originated from the rainy season custom of Buddhists in ancient India and was introduced into Dai areas with Southern Buddhism.

Summer is also the beginning of the rainy season, that is, the rice-growing society enters the busy farming season. In order to cooperate with the agricultural production activities of believers, ancient Buddhist monks stopped missionary activities in various places and concentrated on practicing in temples or somewhere, gradually forming a routine. During the concentrated practice of monks, Buddhist believers stopped all activities in Buddhist temples and concentrated on agricultural production, which formed a habit. Later, this tacit relationship between monks and believers was fixed as a religious form by Shangtai Buddhism, which was introduced into Dai areas with Shangtai Buddhism.

Dai people who believe in the spread of Buddhism to the south usually hold a summer sacrifice ceremony on September 15 (the middle of June in the lunar calendar), that is, "summer sacrifice". Buddhist temples in Dai villages should beat drums to tell people that the festival has arrived. Buddhists gather in Buddhist temples to chant Buddhist scriptures, and believers prepare food, flowers and paper money to wait for the "Buddha" in the temple. Then, it entered the three-month "Summer Festival". In summer, monks are forbidden to go out to give lectures, believers are forbidden to travel far away, men and women are forbidden to talk about marriage, and large-scale celebrations are forbidden. Monks should recite the scriptures with peace of mind, and people should concentrate on production.

Summer festival

Xia Festival (Angwa in Dai language), also known as Kaijie, corresponds to Xia Festival.

"Summer Festival" is generally held in 65438+February 15 (mid-September of the lunar calendar), which symbolizes the end of the three-month "Summer Festival" and can lift the ban since it. Monks can go to temples to preach and raise money, and men and women can also talk about marriage. On the day of summer festivals, Dai people will wear costumes, bring food, flowers, wax paper and coins to the Buddhist temple to worship Buddha and listen to scriptures, and hold grand celebrations, dancing lanterns in the shape of birds, animals, fish and insects around the village, setting off fireworks, lighting lanterns, dancing elephant's foot drums and other entertainment activities.

What festivals do Dai people have? The main festivals of the Dai people are the Songkran Festival, the Closing Festival and the Opening Festival, which are all related to Buddhism. Closing and opening festivals are the biggest fasting periods in the whole year, and grand "Buddha worship" activities and grand Buddhist ceremonies are held everywhere. Everyone should offer food, flowers, scriptures, clothes and coins to the Buddha according to the rules of Buddhism. The whole social activities are full of religious activities. Songkran Festival is an important traditional festival of Dai people, and it is the New Year of Dai calendar. During the festival, the Dai people will hold water splashing, dragon boat racing, flying high and other recreational activities, hoping to drive away past disasters and diseases and pray for a good weather, abundant crops and prosperous people and animals in the new year.

1, Songkran Festival: Dai New Year. From June 24th to 26th in the Dai calendar (mid-April in the summer calendar), the festival lasts for 3 to 5 days. In the early morning of the festival, men, women and children bathe and change clothes, and go to the Buddhist temple to worship the Buddha, that is, sprinkle water on the Buddha to wash the dust, and then splash water on each other to eliminate disasters. Later, splashing water was used as a play and staged as a festival. According to legend, in ancient times, the fire demon did evil and stole seven girls. Shannon, the youngest girl, learned the secret of killing the fire demon: pull out its hair and strangle it. The devil is in a fireball. Where it falls, it will catch fire. The girls threw water at each other and put out the evil fire. This legend became a habit along the river and gradually became the Water-splashing Festival. It is said that this custom originated in India, and Brahmins bathe in the river at this time of year to wash away their sins. When the old man can't go into the river, his children will splash water to wash their sins. Later, it was introduced to the Dai area in China.

2, Kaimen Festival: Dai language is called "Chuao", which means that the Buddha leaves the temple. Traditional religious festivals of Dai people in Yunnan. It is held on1February15th of the Dai calendar every year. Its activities are the same as the closing day. On the day of Dai calendar1February 15, what was put behind the Buddha when entering the cave was taken out and burned, indicating that the Buddha had come out of the cave. /kloc-on 0/6, the monk left the cave, and the whole family went to the cave to worship Buddha. /kloc-A grand "flower-catching" activity was held on 0/7, because the Buddha returned to the world after giving a lecture in the Western Heaven for three months, so all villages had to beat gongs and drums to hold a grand welcoming activity for the Buddha, and at the same time confessed their sins to the Buddha in the shack for one year. Monks take this opportunity to preach teachings to young men and women.

The opening day coincided with the busy farming season, the weather was getting colder, and there were not many Buddhist activities. Young people could fall in love or get married, while adults went out to do business or visit relatives and friends. This season is the time when the Dai people have the most cultural and recreational activities. People set off sparks, lit lamps, flew high and traveled around the village, which was very lively.

3. Closing the Door Festival: Dai language is called "entering the depression", which means that Buddha enters the temple. Yunnan Dai traditional religious festival, lasting for three months, began in the fifteenth day of the ninth year of the Dai calendar (mid-July of the lunar calendar). According to legend, every year on the ninth day of September in the Dai calendar, the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture with his mother, and returned to the world in March. Once, just as the Buddha was going to the west to talk about his menstrual period, thousands of Buddhists went to the countryside to preach, trampling on the crops of the people and delaying their production. People complained bitterly and were very dissatisfied with Buddhists. When the Buddha learned about this, he felt uneasy. From then on, whenever the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture, all Buddhists got together and stipulated that during these three months, they were not allowed to go anywhere but to repent to atone for their sins. Therefore, people call it "closing day" in seconds.

The activity of entering the depression has been passed down from generation to generation, forming several fixed activities: every year in the early morning of September 15 in the Dai calendar, temples (Buddhist temples) beat drums to announce the Buddha's entry into the cave. At this time, Christians must get up immediately or sit in bed. When the old man wrapped flowers, incense, candles and money paper into a package and sent it to the back seat of the Buddha statue in the coffin room, two hours later, the coffin room drummed again, and the believers could go back to sleep, while the old man stayed in the coffin room until dawn. 16, believers entered the cave to worship Buddha; On the eighth day, every household sent food to the Buddha, and then He Qing still read the Peace Sutra and told historical stories. They were very moved after hearing this and donated merits on the spot. During the three months of entering the depression, every eighth, fifteenth, twenty-third and thirtieth day, every old man has to go to the temple to worship Buddha once. The night before, they slept in a special house in the temple, and the young people brought meals to the old people. These activities follow the custom. Later, on the closing day, people will hold a grand event and offer sacrifices to the Buddha with food, flowers, wax sticks and money. During these three months, I will have a "small trip" every seven days.

After the closing ceremony began, it entered the busy farming season. In order to concentrate on productive labor, people have formulated many rules and regulations: young men and women are forbidden to fall in love and get married; Monks are not allowed to go out casually; People who worship Buddha in the mausoleum can't leave home or spend the night in other homes. No one is allowed to enter the Buddhist temple, go to the Buddhist platform, take Buddha's things, etc. It was not until three months later, the opening day, that people resumed all their daily activities before the closing day.

4. Youtianba Festival: a traditional Dai festival in the area of Qimaba in Lu Chun County. It is held on the 13th day of the first lunar month every year, and the festival lasts for one day. This is the local Dai people >>

Brief introduction of Dai customs. Most villages in Pingba are near the water. Gan Lan architecture and bamboo buildings have their own styles. The diet is mainly rice, and Dai people in Xishuangbanna and other places like to eat glutinous rice. Like sour and baked aquatic food. Alcoholic, chewing betel nut. Men wear collarless double-breasted or large-breasted small sleeve tops and long-sleeved trousers, usually with white cloth, pink cloth or blue cloth as the head. Women's wear varies from place to place. Women in Xishuangbanna wear tight underwear, narrow-sleeved T-shirts with large or double-breasted buttons, and a colorful long skirt, which is tied on it and inserted with combs or headscarves. Dehong Dai women wear white or light blue tops, trousers and small waists before marriage, and black or colored skirts after marriage; Young women have a lot of hair on their heads. Marriage custom: social freedom before marriage. After the young man found the right girl, he asked his parents for matchmaking. Funeral: burial, cremation and water burial, mainly burial. The main festivals include the water splashing festival (that is, the Dai New Year), the closing festival and the opening festival. Songkran Festival is held in June of Dai calendar (April of Gregorian calendar). It is said that a long time ago, seven kind civilians killed the demon king who occupied them, but the demon burned them to death. When everyone saw this scene, they all poured water to put out the fire and save people. In order to always remember Seven Sisters, who did harm to people, we splash water on each other every New Year, and wish them good health in the new year. Etiquette: respect for the elderly, the village weddings and funerals to send meals to the elderly; Speak kindly, have a harmonious family and neighborhood relationship, and rarely quarrel; When the younger generation passes in front of the elders, they should bend down and walk carefully to show their respect for the elders; Hospitality, past guests, will be warmly treated by the host, and some families also have bedding specially prepared for guests, which is more beautiful than their own use. Taboo: It is forbidden for outsiders to ride horses, drive cattle, carry loads and enter the stockade unkempt. When entering the Dai bamboo house, you must take off your shoes outside the door and walk softly inside. You can't sit on it, cross the fireplace, enter the master's inner room, or sit on the threshold. The tripod on the fire pit can't move. Firewood must be burned from the root first, and can only be continued from both sides of the tripod. When fire is not used, it can only be buried with ashes or left to fend for itself, and it is not allowed to be trampled out with feet. Don't whistle and cut your nails at home. Clothes can't be used as pillows, and pillows can't sit on them. When hanging clothes, the coat should be hung high, and the pants and skirts should be hung below. It is forbidden to urinate in the garden. Take off your shoes outside the door before entering the Buddhist temple. Don't touch the little monk's head.

Dai people's New Year custom The Dai people's New Year, according to the Dai calendar, is about the seventh day after the Tomb-Sweeping Day of the lunar calendar. During the festival, Dai compatriots held such lively and extraordinary activities as splashing water, dragon boat racing and flying high. Water splashing is the most wonderful scene of the Dai people's Spring Festival, and it is also the most wonderful scene of the Dai people's calendar years, so it is usually called the "Water Splashing Festival". On this day, people splash water on each other and use water to express sincere friendship, pure love and blessings in their hearts. There are two kinds of splashing water: splashing water with words and splashing water with arms. Wen poured water on the old man, scooped up a spoonful of clean water, said a blessing, pulled open the other person's collar and let the water flow down his spine. The person who was splashed happily accepted the blessing and could not run away. There is no fixed form of splashing water. You can chase each other with scoops, pots and barrels and splash face to face. The more water you pour, the more blessings you receive, and the happier you are.

What are the customs of the Dai people? Water-splashing Festival (Dai calendar New Year) is the most national festival of Dai people. This festival is in June of the Dai calendar, which is equivalent to April of the Gregorian calendar. At the Water-Splashing Festival, people will worship Buddha. The girls will wash the dust for the Buddha with fresh water floating with flowers, then splash water on each other and bless each other. At first, water was splashed with hands and bowls, and then songs were splashed with pots and barrels. The more intense the splashing, the drums, gongs, water splashing and cheers became one. During the Songkran Festival, traditional entertainment activities such as dragon boat racing, flying high and flying lanterns and various song and dance parties will be held.

The Dai people take rice as their staple food, and the most distinctive one is bamboo tube rice.

Almost all Dai people believe in Buddhism spread to the south, especially those over 40 must be ordained in shacks.

Practice, participate in summer settlement for three months every year, and recite scriptures and Buddha. In Dai language, Buddhism is called "Welissa Gonzaga Na", and Sakyamuni Buddha Zuqiao Fa? Siddhartha is called "Gondor".