What is the culture of Beihai boat-dwelling family?

I. The nature of boat-dwelling culture and the historical evolution of boat-dwelling in Beihai.

1, boat-dwelling is the main water operation, boat as a home. Beihai old generation know "boat-dwelling man", "boat-dwelling woman" these titles, refers to those who live in the sea for a long time, to boat home, fishing for a living. Many people do not know how to write the character "疍" (boat-dwelling) and mistakenly think that they are "蛋家佬" or "邓家佬". The Xinhua Dictionary notes: boat-dwelling people, refers to the past Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian inland and coastal areas of the water residents, most of the boat as a home, engaged in fishing, transportation industry. From the dictionary explanation and folk **** knowledge can be seen, boat-dwellers is the water operation is mainly, the boat as a home.

Beijing Overseas Sand and Dijiao boat-dwelling families generally agree that their ancestors came from Fujian, according to the old generation of boat-dwelling families said: because of the migratory characteristics of the shore encountered the port on the mooring camp, in the 19th century, one day, their ancestors found that this quiet bay is an ideal shelter, so here set up boat-dwelling huts, settled down, and they have been reproduced from generation to generation, the formation of boat-dwelling families relatively concentrated They multiplied from generation to generation, forming two residential areas where the boat-dwelling families live in relative concentration, and continuing the living customs and flavor culture of the boat-dwelling families. The boat-dwelling families living in Qiaogang Town, is the history of the war to avoid, overseas Chinese living in Vietnam, because in 1978 the Vietnamese exclusion, the motherland let them in Qiaogang Town, a quiet harbor home.

2, academics believe that boat-dwelling people is not an independent nation, is a collective term for water dwellers. Because the boat-dwelling people have different living customs and customs and culture with land inhabitants, about boat-dwelling legend is a lot: Guangdong Tongzhi "contained, boat-dwelling people, is the year the Yue people resisted the reign of Emperor Qin Shi Huang's legacy"; some people believe that boat-dwelling people are the descendants of the ancient Baiyue tribe or even another ethnic minority outside of the 56 nationalities; and there is also a statement more legendary color! --At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Lu Zhuanshun, the leader of the peasant revolt, went down to the South China Sea, and after the defeat, his men were scattered, and some of them drifted in boats and became water dwellers, engaging in fishing, ferrying and other occupations. The rulers had three rules for them: they were not allowed to live on shore, they were not allowed to read and write, and they were not allowed to intermarry with people on shore. For more than a thousand years, these rules and regulations continued, and the water dwellers gradually evolved into a special class - the boat-dwellers." At present, academics on boat-dwelling family basic have a **** knowledge: boat-dwelling family is not an independent ethnic group, but China's Guangdong, Gui, Fujian coastal areas of the water inhabitants of the collective term, is a unique folk, belonging to the Han Chinese. The boat-dwelling family and the Hakka people, are drifting, are migrating, are avoiding the world. The difference is that the Hakka people hide in the mountains and old forests, while the boat-dwelling people are hidden in the ocean; Hakka people have a large community, heavy struggle, while the boat-dwelling people are indifferent, easy, and know the fate of God. Just because the world of living on the water, wandering, by the sea and water breeding, boat-dwelling people have become "water gypsies".

3, boat-dwelling culture is in the production of life in the formation of occupational culture. In the long-term production life, the boat-dwelling families in the North Sea to form their own unique living customs and local culture, common cultural activities is to sing the salty water song, the most characteristic is the boat-dwelling wedding customs. Saltwater songs are small songs sung by boat-dwelling families in their daily life to sing about the love between men and women and the hardships of life. Boat-dwelling family wedding customs have been preserved to this day, the bride faced with separation from her parents and cried and sang for a few days before getting married, "Sigh family sister" tune, the groom of the family education of the "murmuring companion" two major salty water song series. The process of receiving the bride "play daughter-in-law" is also unique maritime characteristics, after receiving the bride's family tugged at the boat cable to retain the bride, and the boatmen to carry out the "dinghy tug-of-war", the boatmen in the same dinghy in the opposite direction of the "pair of rowing dragon boat ", the boatman rocked the boat to the left and right of the "boat" ...... these "bridal chamber" type of playfulness to the bride and groom to make dizziness, to people This proves the ability of the bride and groom to work on the sea. Throughout these boat-dwelling culture, salt water song is actually the sea labor labor call, boat-dwelling family wedding customs in the "sigh family sister", murmuring companion "salt water song tunes are a kind of sea to thrive in the lyric, play daughter-in-law" also plays a role in educating boat-dwelling children to be competent sea labor demonstration role. The demonstration role. The interesting boat-dwelling culture is actually an occupational culture formed in the production life.

The culture of boat-dwelling families in the North Sea is assimilating and penetrating into each other's customs and culture.

1, the boat-dwelling families one after another went ashore, went to school, integrated into the social development. Because the social environment in history was more terrible than the natural environment, the boat-dwelling people felt safer living on the boat than on land, and preferred to fight with the sky and the earth rather than with the powerful and the rich. Nowadays, the society has progressed, the land life is more convenient and comfortable, coupled with the hope that their sons and daughters are more successful than they are, so the modern boat-dwelling families no longer take the boat as their home, the boat resumed its original function for marine operations, and marine resources have been gradually depleted, the livelihood may not be entirely dependent on the sea, working and doing business or engaging in other occupations can be a well-to-do life. So the modern boat-dwelling family members go ashore to settle down, go to school to receive education, closer to and integrated into the social development.

2, boat-dwelling families gradually no longer sing salty water songs, no longer crying marriage. As the culture of foreign festivals is impacting the traditional Chinese festival culture, coupled with the strong popularity of pop songs, even the Beijing Opera, Cantonese Opera and other forms of culture that have a more complete theoretical foundation, practical experience and audience base have also begun to decline. Saltwater songs, which have no representative works and no specialized researchers, are even declining. Coupled with the popularity of modern communication tools, boat-dwelling family members to meet and talk to each other is not difficult, crying marriage is just going through the motions, chatting about the rituals and rites of remembrance, the traditional boat-dwelling culture is gradually being diluted.

3, live seafood, boat-dwelling wine and boat-dwelling family daily language together, one after another into the thousands of residents of the North Sea home. The boat-dwelling family fish at their fingertips, caught on the fish can be immediately under the pot, its fresh, in their words is "a low nothing against fresh (the world's delicious to fresh for the best)". Beihai people live by the sea, eat seafood, turn over to fall into the sea, every day are living the seafood life of boat-dwelling families. The culture of boat-dwelling families has also influenced thousands of Beihai residents. The boat-dwelling family soaked boat-dwelling wine, aphrodisiacs, rheumatism, Beihai people know. The boat-dwelling people are afraid of "capsize (i.e., the bottom of the boat to the sky)", so avoid the word "turn", so when eating big fish, eat one side, want to eat the other side of the fish "turn" over, said So when you eat a big fish, after eating one side, if you want to turn the fish over to eat the other side, you should say "turn this fish over" instead of "turn this fish over". So many residents of the North Sea have learned to "fish", because they can not take the boat but can not not take the car, do not want to sit on a "flip" of the car it?