What are the stages of agricultural development in China?

I. Preparation period of innovative agriculture (1949~ 1977)

Where the New China was founded, the agricultural production level was particularly low, the production efficiency was not high, the agricultural foundation was weak, and it was in a self-enclosed small-scale peasant economy model. In this mode, agricultural productivity is backward and farmers' enthusiasm for production is not high. In order to solve this problem, the CPC Central Committee led the peasants to change the land ownership and launched the famous land reform movement. Then, the state reformed the factors of agricultural production, and on this basis, it also improved agricultural production technology, developed new farm tools, and vigorously promoted excellent varieties. With the positive promotion of these measures, farmers' enthusiasm for production is unprecedented, labor efficiency is improved, and a rich labor force is created.

1956 to 1967 "China agricultural development program (draft)" has provided policy guidance for the sustainable development of agriculture in China, in which the principles and policies for promoting rural and agricultural development and the long-term system for protecting farmers' interests are still in use, especially the policies related to agricultural technology popularization and grain reserve play an active and effective role. These systems provided policy guarantee for the long-term stability of rural life, made great contributions to the agricultural development in the early days of the founding of New China, and created good material conditions for the agricultural development in the early days of the founding of New China.

In the 1960s and 1970s, influenced by several industrial powers in the world, China focused its economic development on industrial development, and devoted most of its financial and material resources to improving industrial technology, without paying enough attention to the development of agriculture. Although the environment of agricultural development is not mature at this time, on the whole, agricultural development has achieved staged victory. Under the call of the CPC Central Committee, local governments at all levels began to pay attention to rural infrastructure construction, especially the construction of water conservancy facilities, which provided convenience for farmers to carry out agricultural production activities.

At the same time, the state began to attach importance to the power of agricultural science and technology and set up many agricultural scientific research institutions. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the country has carried out a series of institutional changes in order to promote the development of industrialization. Although its starting point is to serve industrialization, it also promotes the development of agricultural economy to some extent. At the end of 1970s, a series of activities were carried out in rural areas, which promoted the formation of a highly orderly, rigid centralized and powerful governance structure system in rural areas. Under the organizational model of "integration of politics and society", the vast rural areas have realized a stable and strict regime control system led by the party and the state, which can maintain the stability of rural society, gather and pool rural material resources, ensure a stable supply of materials, and lay a certain foundation for the development of innovative agriculture.

Second, the completion period of innovative agricultural system (1978~ 199 1 year)

1978 our party held the third plenary session of the eleventh central Committee. The meeting made many important decisions and resolutions, including: making it clear that the historical task of the Party in the new period is to build China into a powerful socialist modernization country, opening the prelude to socialist reform and opening up, and taking reform and opening up as the general policy of economic construction, in which the meaning of reform is internal reform, and the primary task of internal reform is the reform of agricultural production and farmers' land ownership. In order to improve the enthusiasm of farmers, our party has implemented the household contract system. After this system achieved results, it devoted itself to popularizing this policy, which greatly improved farmers' enthusiasm for production and provided valuable practical experience for creating new agriculture. At this stage, China's success in creating new agriculture marks the initial stage of China's agricultural innovation system construction.

After the implementation of reform and opening up, China attached great importance to agricultural production and devoted itself to improving the level of agricultural technology. In order to realize the innovation of agricultural science and technology, the CPC Central Committee held a national science conference, which pointed out that the level of agricultural science and technology is the first factor in developing new agriculture. In order to improve the level of agricultural science and technology at an early date, China should take the development of agricultural science and technology as the primary task and encourage independent research and development of agricultural science and technology talents. Encouraged by the policy, the level of agricultural science and technology in China has improved rapidly, which indicates that China's agricultural innovation system has officially entered the exploration stage.

1in March, 978, China held a national science conference, which became a sign that the country began to attach importance to scientific and technological innovation and provided new opportunities for agricultural scientific and technological innovation. During the meeting, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward the theory that "scientific and technological personnel are also part of the working class", which greatly inspired the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for research and development. In the same year, China held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which pointed out the positive role of professional scientific research institutions in improving the level of scientific research. 1June, 979, the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries issued a series of important documents, which pointed out that the current task of agricultural scientific research is to find out the key points in the work, understand the key links in the work, highlight the differences of various scientific projects, explore the road of agricultural innovation and development suitable for China's national conditions, and build innovative agriculture with China characteristics. Building a new agricultural system provides material conditions.