Brief introduction to the basic idea of metabolic control engineering

The essence of metabolic engineering is to quantitatively analyze metabolic flux and its control, and on this basis, transform metabolic pathways to maximize the output of target metabolites.

Different from traditional breeding technology, it aims to improve the genetic traits of organisms by rationally combining cell metabolic pathways and rebuilding metabolic networks. Metabolic engineering involves physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and other disciplines and generally follows the following basic principles.

(1) the metabolic law of cellular substances and the biochemical principle of metabolic network, thus providing the basic metabolic map of organisms and the molecular mechanism of biochemical reactions.

② The cell physiological principle of cell physiological state balance provides a comprehensive description of cell metabolic mechanism.

(3) Enzymological principles of the driving force of cell metabolic flow, including enzyme reaction kinetics, allosteric inhibition effect, modification activation effect, etc.

The existing ways to improve the metabolic flow of target products in normal biological cells can increase the accumulation of target products in the following aspects for the biosynthetic pathway of specific products: increasing the copy number of enzyme coding genes in the rate-limiting step; Strengthen the expression system of key genes based on promoters; Increase the synthesis rate of target pathway activating factor; Coding genes for inactivating target pathway inhibitors; Blocking metabolic pathways that compete with target pathways.