Customs and characteristics of Xibe nationality

The customs and characteristics of Xibo nationality can be divided into: costumes, festivals, literature and etiquette.

1. Clothing: The early clothing materials of Xibo nationality were mainly deerskin and pigskin, which paid more attention to the function of cold protection and warmth. The costumes of Xibe nationality are also different and changed because of the differences in different times and regions and the influence of different nationalities. The traditional costumes of Xibo nationality absorbed the advantages of Mongolian, Manchu, Han and other national costumes.

2. Festivals: Many traditional folk festivals of Xibo nationality are mostly the same as those of Han nationality. Such as Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Dragon Boat Festival. Every year before the Lunar New Year's Eve, every household should kill pigs and sheep, and make all kinds of new year's dishes, rice cakes and fried fruits. On New Year's Eve, the whole family began to pack jiaozi together, and jiaozi cooked on the first day of the first month. Eat longevity noodles the next day. When making longevity noodles, first make broth, then put the noodles in another pot to cook, remove the water, and add broth when eating, which symbolizes sending the old and welcoming the new.

3. Literal meaning: The literary connotation of Xibo nationality is rich and colorful, and it has its own national characteristics. Folk literature is an important part of national literature, including folk songs, folk stories, proverbs, riddles and aphorisms. Folk songs are divided into narrative songs, bitter songs, shaman songs, carols, persuasion songs, folk songs, field songs, hunting songs, love songs, wedding songs, new folk songs and so on. Folk stories include legends, fairy tales, animals, fables, myths and riddles.

4. Etiquette: Xibo people have traditional virtues of paying attention to etiquette, respecting the old and caring for the young, being hospitable and advocating neatness. Xibe people are very enthusiastic about their guests and will treat them with the best food and drinks and give them gifts. Xibe people have great respect for their elders, and they will use honorifics to address them, and send blessings and gifts on holidays or birthdays. Xibo people cherish their homes, clean and decorate them regularly, and hang colorful flags and lanterns on important days such as New Year or weddings.

Architectural features of Xibo nationality;

As early as the Qing Dynasty, Xibo people in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Xinjiang all formed villages and towns. After the Xibo people who moved westward dug the Chabuchar Canal, they basically formed the settlement form of Eight Lu Niu (also known as Gashan). Lu Niu is both an economic unit and a combat unit. At first, each cowshed had a high wall with four doors, east, west, north and south, ranging from two to three hundred households.

The yard of each household varies in size, ranging from two or three acres to four or five acres. The courtyard is mostly rectangular in north and south, surrounded by various trees. The courtyard is surrounded by low walls and divided into two houses. The south yard is planted with all kinds of fruits and vegetables, and the north yard is planted with sheds, trees and grains. Houses are mostly herringbone adobe inclined roof houses or wooden frame inclined roof houses, mostly facing north and south. There are fire kang in the bedroom, mostly the "three-ring kang" in the south and northwest. Westinghouse is mostly for the elders, the East House is for the younger generation, and the kitchen is separated into aisles.

Xibo people's housing is increasingly developing towards brick-wood combination and reinforced concrete structure. The herringbone roof houses left over from the Qing Dynasty have been eliminated. Individual villages are only preserved as cultural relics. This kind of house is modeled after Manchu, with higher cost and more labor and materials. The current residence tends to be a combination of brick-wood structure and "coming to Lampi" structure. There are many houses with steel windows and doors instead of wooden doors and windows. Individual farmers have also built buildings.

The architectural art of Xibo nationality is mainly reflected in the residential buildings and temple buildings. Xibo houses have a large herringbone roof, spacious and generous, with eaves about half a meter wide and large windows. Some houses have four or five windows, and the lattice shape of the windows is exquisite, small and curved, almost like carving. It can't be done without fine skills. Moreover, there are carefully carved patterns on doorframes, windows and screens.

The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Xibo Nationality.