What are the treatment principles of tuberculosis and AIDS?

The treatment principle of tuberculosis is early, combined, regular, whole course and appropriate. Treatment is divided into intensive period and consolidation period. Anti-tuberculosis drugs should have the characteristics of high efficiency, sensitivity, low toxicity and low price. The principle of AIDS treatment is to intervene in high-risk groups, and methadone maintenance treatment can reduce new AIDS infections. Antiviral therapy, combined with drug therapy, can effectively reduce the viral load and prolong the virus inhibition time without increasing adverse reactions. At present, 24 anti-HIV drugs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and fusion inhibitors) have been developed. Among them, the combined application of several drugs has become routine. Combined medication can reduce the viral load to a level that can not be detected by existing methods, delay the onset and restore the immune system function. These facts have changed the concept that AIDS can't be treated, which indicates that AIDS research has entered a new era. The treatment of HIV-infected people and AIDS patients complicated with tuberculosis is very complicated, mainly in the following aspects: ① There are interactions between antiviral drugs and anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as the interaction between rifampicin and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors; ② Both antiviral therapy and antituberculosis therapy should pay attention to treatment compliance and adverse drug reactions; ③ Combined therapy increased the drug burden of patients. Under normal circumstances, as long as the patient's conditions permit, tuberculosis should be treated first, and then antiviral drugs should be treated. The World Health Organization suggests that patients with CD4 count below 200/ m3 should receive tuberculosis treatment first, unless they are in the advanced stage of HIV disease or are in danger of death, and receive antiviral treatment after 2 months of tuberculosis treatment. The starting time of antiviral therapy can be postponed until the intensive period of tuberculosis treatment is completed, so as to simplify the treatment and avoid the potential inflammatory reaction that may lead to death.