Reasons for the slow modernization of Chinese agriculture

The reasons for the slow modernization of Chinese agriculture include the bondage of traditional agricultural society, the constraints of the feudal system, the invasion of the great powers and the effects of civil war.

1. The bondage of traditional agricultural society: China is an agrarian society with a long history, where agricultural farming methods and techniques have been stable for a long time and lacked the impetus for change. Under this social environment, farmers tend to be satisfied with traditional production methods and lack knowledge of and demand for new technologies, thus hindering the process of agricultural modernization.

2, the constraints of the feudal system: China's feudal society for a long time, the feudal system of land system, tax system, etc. are not compatible with the development of modernized agriculture. These systems constrain the scale and marketization of agricultural production, limiting the investment and production enthusiasm of farmers, making it difficult to achieve the transformation of modernized agriculture.

3, the impact of the invasion of the great powers and civil war: modern China suffered many invasions of the great powers and civil wars, these events led to the destruction of agricultural production and the poverty of farmers' lives. The colonial rule of the Great Powers and the war consumption brought by the civil wars made the peasants have no time to care about the improvement and development of agricultural production technology and lack of funds to invest in the modernization of agriculture.

Characteristics of Chinese agriculture:

1. Small-farming business model of intensive cultivation: Chinese agriculture is based on the family unit and is characterized by intensive cultivation. Farmers invest a great deal of human, material and financial resources in limited land resources to achieve high yields per unit area through fine cultivation and care. This small-farming business model has historically adapted to the development needs of China's agricultural society, but it has also limited the large-scale development of agriculture to a certain extent.

2. Diversified agro-ecosystems: Chinese agriculture has formed diversified agro-ecosystems. In the plains, grain production is the mainstay, forming a large-scale planting base for rice, wheat and corn. In the mountainous and hilly areas, forestry, animal husbandry and specialty agriculture are the mainstays, with tea, citrus and so on. This diversified agro-ecosystem makes Chinese agriculture have high production diversity and ecological stability.

3. Close integration of agriculture and family economy: In Chinese agricultural society, agriculture is closely integrated with the family economy. While engaging in agricultural production, farmers also operate other family industries, handicrafts, commerce and so on. This diversified business model helps to improve farmers' incomes and living standards, and at the same time enhances the risk-resistant capacity of agriculture.

4. Highly self-sufficient natural economy: Chinese agriculture has historically been dominated by a natural economy, with a high degree of self-sufficiency in most areas. Farmers mainly produce their own needs for food, vegetables and other means of subsistence, and are less likely to participate in market exchanges. This natural economic model has to some extent limited the marketization and modernization of agriculture.

5. Constrained by climate and resource conditions: the development of Chinese agriculture is constrained by climate and resource conditions. China's diverse climate types, drought, flooding and other natural disasters occur frequently, adversely affecting agricultural production. China's per capita arable land area is relatively small, and land resources are relatively tight, also to a certain extent limits the development of agriculture.