Brief introduction of Changde ancient painting and drama

Hunan ancient paintings and operas are the general names of Hunan local operas such as ancient paintings and lantern operas. Hunan opera has a history of more than 200 years, and it has gone through a process from simple to complex from Han folk song and dance to duet and then to the whole play. On the basis of local folk songs, folk songs and hummed songs, the development of Hunan ancient painting opera tunes has developed into several basic tunes, which are applied to plays with simple plots. Later, due to the complexity of the drama plot and the requirement of expressing people's thoughts and feelings, the original tunes became music cards with different rhythms, which can express different emotions and are suitable for male or female voices. From the point of view of music development, the senior opera artist (folk composer) of ancient painting has created many tunes according to the needs of drama content and using the law of "one song is changeable". It is also said that a set of techniques for the development of tunes are summed up in some vivid languages, such as "changing techniques", "changing tails", "changing bones", "turning up", "tearing or squeezing eyes", which are actually created by means of tone sandhi, tone sandhi, mode transformation, interval shift, rhythm expansion or compression. The so-called "variation" is the combination of modulation and variation; "tail change" and "bone change"

Head "is to change the mode and basic tone;" "Turn up" and "Turn down" are interval shifts upward and downward; "Tearing or squeezing the board eyes together" is the expansion or compression of the rhythm. At the same time, they also absorbed other folk music and other operas from other provinces or provinces, leaving valuable wealth for future generations. In the early days of ancient paintings and operas, only semi-professional class clubs performed seasonal performances in rural areas, and they engaged in art after busy farming. In the past, because the ancient paintings and operas were discriminated and banned by feudal pedantic forces, the local troupes of ancient paintings and operas were all called "semi-troupe" or "semi-drama and semi-tune" and "Yin and Yang team" under the guise of performing local popular dramas. There are more than 400 traditional repertoires of ancient paintings and operas in various places. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Huagu Opera in Hunan Province flourished, not only sorting out traditional operas such as Chopping firewood with Liu Hai and Hunting Birds, but also creating many modern operas such as Double Food Delivery, Busy Sister-in-law and Sanliwan. Playing Gong, Pouring Pots, On the Way to Delivery and Yeyadao have all been made into movies.

Changde, the most popular flower drum drama in Changde, was a place where three Miao people were savage in ancient times, and witchcraft prevailed since ancient times. Qu Yuan, a doctor in San Lv, once wrote "Nine Songs" in this area and joined witchcraft. The wind of folk witchcraft is endless. Since the mid-Ming Dynasty, the folk songs and dances in Changde area have been very active, which contains a variety of Han folk art forms of Chu culture, providing rich artistic soil for the formation and development of Changde ancient painting and drama.