History of Chinese medicine

The Chinese medicine was born in the primitive society, the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Chinese medicine theory has been basically formed, the emergence of the anatomy and medical sub-specialties, has adopted the "four diagnostic", the treatment of acupuncture, acupuncture, tonics, moxibustion, guiding, cloth qi, Zhuyue and so on.

Since ancient times, there has been the saying that "the path of medicine is similar". After the Tang Dynasty, a large number of Chinese medical theories and writings were exported to Goryeo, Japan, Central Asia, West Asia and other places. During the Song Dynasty, the Song government set up the Hanlin Medical College, and the division of medicine was nearly complete.

And unified the Chinese acupuncture point disorder caused by the transmission of copying, published "Tu Jing". Since the Jin Yuan, Chinese medicine began to decline. After the Ming and Qing dynasties, the emergence of the warm school of time and party, and gradually replaced the prescription school of Chinese medicine.

In the late Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica marked the decline of Chinese medicine pharmacology. During the same period, Mongolian and Tibetan medicine were influenced by Chinese medicine. Eastern medicine also developed greatly in Korea.

Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, China was invaded by Western powers and the country's fortunes weakened. At the same time, the influx of modern medicine (Western medicine) seriously affected the development of Chinese medicine. Many people appeared in China to advocate the modernization of medicine, and Chinese medicine was subjected to a great challenge.

People began to use the Western medical system of thinking mode to review, Chinese medicine is caught in the controversy over the survival and abolition. This was also the case with Japanese herbal medicine, which is also part of the Chinese medical system, and Korean medicine in South Korea, which has shown signs of revival since the SARS outbreak in 2003.

During the Cultural Revolution, TCM was developed as an example of "ancient for modern use" medicine that was supported by the policy of the Chinese Communist Party. In modern times, Chinese medicine is still one of the most common means of treating diseases in China.

Internationally, acupuncture has attracted great interest from the medical community. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in reducing post-surgical pain, regurgitation during pregnancy, regurgitation and vomiting from chemotherapy, and toothache with minimal side effects.

However, for chronic pain, back pain, and headaches, the data show ambiguity or controversy. The original innovation, the revolution in the basic theories of modern Chinese medicine, initiated in the 1990s.

The New Philosophical Concept of Chinese MedicineThe three philosophical concepts of Chinese medicine: holistic, discursive, and the newly unearthed third philosophical concept of Chinese medicine: similarity-fractalism.On October 1, 2018, the World Health Organization for the first time included Chinese medicine in its compendium of globally influential medicine.

Information about the newly included TCM traditional medicine will be included in Chapter 26 of the 11th edition of the global medical compendium, which focuses on explaining the classification system of traditional medicine and will be implemented in WHO member states in 2022.

Expanded information:

The Development of Chinese Medicine Culture-Historical Famous Doctors:

I. The Origins of Chinese Medicine

Yandi is the honorific name of the leader of the Jiang tribe in ancient China, called Shennong. Yandi tribe living in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (today's Shanxi and Henan area), allied with the Yellow Emperor to defeat Chi You. The children of China will Yandi and Huangdi as the founder of Huaxia.

"Shennong's taste of a hundred herbs, one day and met seventy poison" describes the spirit of Shennong's in order to practice and explore the spirit of medicine, it is this spirit laid the foundation of Chinese medicine, later generations to commemorate him.

The first Chinese medical work was named Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. From this we conclude that Chinese medicine originated in the primitive society and originated in the Yellow River Valley.

Second, the laying of the theory of Chinese medicine

Bian Magpie (407 BC-310 BC) Ji surname, Qin, name slow, the word Yue people, also known as Lu doctor, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period of famous doctors. When he was young, he studied medicine in Changsangjun, and passed on his medical skills and forbidden recipes, specializing in various disciplines. He specialized in gynecology in Zhao, ophthalmology in Zhou, and pediatrics in Qin, and was famous all over the world.

Bian Magpie laid down the method of pulse-cutting and diagnosis in Chinese medicine, and opened the way for Chinese medicine. He was the author of "The Classic of Difficulties". He started the medical mileage of "looking, smelling, questioning and cutting" as the diagnostic method, which has been used up to now.

Three, the clinical soul of Chinese medicine

Zhang Zhongjing (about A.D. 150 - about A.D. 219), the name of the machine, the word Zhongjing, the Eastern Han Dynasty, Nanyang Nieyang County (today's Dengzhou City, Henan Province, Rangdong Town, Zhang Zhai Village) people. He was a famous medical doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was honored as the Sage of Medicine by later generations.

Zhang Zhongjing collected a wide range of medical formulas and wrote the world-renowned masterpiece "Treatise on Miscellaneous Diseases of Typhoid Fever". It establishes the principle of diagnosis and treatment, which is the basic principle of Chinese medicine clinic and the soul of Chinese medicine.

Fourth, the transformation of Chinese medicine

Hua Tuo (about 145 AD - 208 AD), the word Yuanhua, a 旉, Peiguo Qiao County people, the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a famous medical doctor. As a young man, he traveled and studied abroad, practicing medicine in Anhui, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu, etc. He studied medicine without seeking a career.

He was a well-rounded medical doctor, especially good at surgery. He was also proficient in internal medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, acupuncture and moxibustion. In his later years, he was suspected by Cao Cao and was tortured to death in prison. Hua Tuo invented the treatment of jaundice by Artemisia Incarnata.

Founding China's first set of radio gymnastics, the "Five-Animal Play", inventing the use of Ma Bo San as clinical anesthesia, more than 1,600 years before Western anesthetics, and pioneering Chinese surgery, Hua Tuo can be said to have initiated an important change in the clinical practice of Chinese medicine.

Fifth, the progress of the concept of traditional Chinese medicine

Sun Simiao (541-682), Jingzhao Huayuan (present-day Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province), a Tang Dynasty pharmacist and Taoist priest, was honored as the "King of Medicine" by later generations. Sun Simiao attached great importance to folk medical experience, and constantly accumulated visits.

Recording them in time, he finally completed his work "Thousand Golden Essentials". After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao accepted the invitation of the imperial court to cooperate with the government in medical activities.

In the fourth year of Tang Emperor Gaozong Xianqing's reign (659), he completed the world's first national pharmacopoeia, Tang Xin Ben Cao (Tang New Materia Medica). He was the first to propose a separate section for women and children, (which was also the earliest to promote awareness of the protection of women and children).

He was the first to elaborate on "medical ethics", the first leprosy expert, the first to propose a compound prescription to cure the disease, the first to create the Batou detoxification, the first to propose prevention rather than cure, and the first to invent urinary catheterization.

Six, the perfection of traditional Chinese medicine

Li Shizhen (today's Dr. Street) people, the Ming Dynasty, a famous medical scientist. Li Shizhen since 1565, has been to Hubei and Guangxi, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other places to collect drug specimens and prescriptions, reference to successive generations of medicine and other aspects of the book 925.

Archaeological evidence of the present, to clarify many difficult issues, after 27 summers, in 1590 completed the 1.92 million-word tome "Materia Medica". This book collects 1,518 kinds of medicines, including 1,195 kinds of plants, and records 11,096 kinds of ancient medical doctors and folk remedies.

With more than 1,100 kinds of drug morphology diagrams, it corrected some previous mistakes and supplemented the deficiencies, and is the most complete and scientific medical work in China so far.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Traditional Chinese Medicine