What is institutionalism? What is behaviorism?

Historical institutionalism is not only one of the main analytical paradigms of contemporary western empirical politics, but also an important school in new institutionalism politics. On the one hand, historical institutionalism inherits and transforms the old institutionalism in political science, and on the basis of reflecting behaviorism, it also inherits some analytical perspectives of group theory and structural functionalism, and at the same time absorbs relevant theoretical resources of historical sociology. The analytical paradigm of historical institutionalism is mainly reflected in its structural view and historical view. On the structural view, historical institutionalism emphasizes the important role of political system in public policies and political consequences, and also attaches great importance to the arrangement of variables; In the view of history, historical institutionalism pays attention to finding out the important influence of the past on the present by pursuing the historical trajectory of events, emphasizes the particularity of path dependence and institutional change in political life, and tries to find out the structural causality and historical causality that affect the course of events by magnifying the historical perspective. On the one hand, historical institutionalism has built a bridge between the branches of political science by establishing a new paradigm and opened up a new space for political science research. On the other hand, there are also some contradictions that need to be solved urgently.

Behaviorism is one of the main schools of modern American psychology, and it also has the greatest influence on western psychology. The development of behaviorism can be divided into early behaviorism, new behaviorism and new behaviorism. Watson is the representative of early behaviorism, Skinner is the main representative of new behaviorism, and Bandura is the representative of new behaviorism.