How is the earthwork calculated? How much is each party?

The workload of digging, filling and transporting is usually calculated in cubic meters, sometimes called earthwork.

Earthwork. In civil engineering, earthwork includes: site leveling, subgrade excavation, civil air defense engineering excavation, ground filling, subgrade filling and foundation pit backfilling. To arrange the construction plan reasonably, try not to arrange it in the rainy season. At the same time, in order to reduce the construction cost of earthwork and implement the principle of not occupying or occupying less cultivated land and being beneficial to land reclamation, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable earthwork allocation plan and make overall arrangements.

Volume estimation

In the process of construction, no matter the original terrain or the designed terrain, we often encounter some terrain units with geometric shapes like pyramids and piers. The volume of these terrain units can be calculated by similar geometric volume formulas. This method is simple, but its accuracy is poor, and it is often used for estimation.

Cross section method

Section method is to divide the plots and topographic units to be calculated (such as mountains, streams, ponds, islands, etc.). ) and earthwork (such as dikes, ditches, cutting, road grooves, etc. ) into "sections" with a set of equidistant (or unequal) parallel sections.

Separate calculation

The volume of these "segments". Then the volume of each section is accumulated, and the total earthwork of the calculated object is obtained.

The formula is as follows: v=(s 1+s2)*l/2.

When S 1=S2

V=S*L

The calculation accuracy of this method depends on the number of sections, with more being fine and less being coarse.

Section method can be divided into vertical section method, horizontal section method (or contour line method) and oblique section method with a certain angle to the horizontal plane according to the different section directions. The first two methods are mainly introduced below.

(A) vertical profile method

This method is suitable for the calculation of earthwork quantity of strip terrain or earthwork (such as strip mountain, water body, ditch, dike, cutting, road groove, etc.). ).

Its basic calculation formula is formula (1-7). The formula (1-7) is simple, but when the area difference between Sl and S2 is large or the distance between two adjacent sections is more than 50m, the error of the calculation results is large. In the above case, the following formula can be used instead:

v=L*(S 1+S2+S3)/6

Where s refers to the area of the middle part.

S. There are two ways to find the area of:

(1) Use the formula to calculate the cross-sectional area of the truncated cone:

(2) Use the arithmetic average of S 1 and S2 to find the area of S ...

Example: There is an earth embankment. The cross sections at both ends of the calculated section are trapezoidal, and the distance between the two cross sections is 60m. Try to compare the calculation results of arithmetic average method and pseudo prism formula.

First find the areas of Sl and S2.

(2) Contour line method (horizontal profile method)

The contour line method is to take a profile along the contour line, and the vertical spacing is the height of two adjacent profiles. The calculation method is the same as the profile method.

cyberlaw

In the process of building the garden, in addition to digging lakes and piling mountains, there are many large and small terraces and gentle slopes that need to be leveled. The site leveling work is to arrange the original rugged and broken terrain into a flat site with a certain slope according to the design requirements, such as parking lots, distribution squares, stadiums, open-air performance venues, etc. Grid method is most suitable for earthwork calculation of this kind of land.

Grid method combines the design of leveling site with the calculation of earthwork volume. Its working procedure is (1) to control the construction site by making a grid with contour lines on the topographic map of the construction site, and the value of the grid side length depends on the required calculation accuracy and the complexity of terrain change. Generally 20 ~ 40m is used for gardens; (2) On the topographic map, the original topographic elevation of each corner is obtained by interpolation (or each corner of the grid is laid on the ground, and the elevation of each corner is measured and marked on the map); (3) Determine the design elevation of each corner according to the design intent (such as ground shape, slope direction and slope value, etc.). ); (4) comparing the original terrain elevation with the design elevation to obtain the construction elevation; (5) Earthwork calculation, with examples to illustrate its specific calculation steps and methods.