In which dynasty did colored porcelain first appear?

Blue and white and underglaze red in the early Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties are the best underglaze colors. Ming Chenghua strives for the top of one peak; The three generations of enamel in Qing Dynasty were a great success. In addition, other colorful porcelains of various kilns in different historical periods have also been praised by people.

However, there is a unique variety of colored porcelain that has been unfairly forgotten for a long time, even almost forgotten. This is a famous pale crimson colored porcelain in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.

In the Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen set up official kilns to produce imperial wares, while folk kilns were burned for the imperial court in the way of "burning by officials and people", that is, "if there is life, it will be provided, but if there is no life, it will stop". Folk kilns have generally developed, and Jingdezhen has become the national porcelain firing center.

The blue and white porcelain wares of Yongle and Xuande in Ming Dynasty are rich in color and have many characteristics of blue and white in Yuan Dynasty. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, red, green, yellow and purple were added to underglaze blue-and-white porcelain, which was a famous "fighting color" in Chenghua. During Jiajing and Wanli in Ming Dynasty, "multicolored" rose again.

In the Qing Dynasty, Jingdezhen also established a royal porcelain factory, but porcelain was mainly fired in private kilns. In Qing Dynasty, Kangxi inherited and developed colorful colors and created "enamel color". During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, "famille rose" became popular.

The outstanding achievements of Qing Dynasty were the firing of rotary bottles and the successful imitation of lacquerware, wood, bronze utensils and various fruits. Porcelain in the Qing Dynasty was the peak of porcelain burning in previous dynasties, which developed creatively and reached the historical peak of porcelain burning in China.

Extended data

China's colored porcelain is an important part of China's ancient ceramics, which is deeply loved by people all over the world. As early as 1000 years ago, the blue glazed underglaze porcelain of Changsha kiln in Tang Dynasty was sold overseas. According to the investigation of archaeologists, the porcelain of Changsha kiln in Tang Dynasty was unearthed in about 13 countries abroad.

Recently, it was reported that about 60,000 Tang Dynasty cultural relics were salvaged from a China Tang Dynasty shipwreck near Java Island, of which more than 90% were porcelain, with Changsha kiln producing the most in Tang Dynasty. It can be seen that the porcelain industry in China was developing at that time.

The development of colored porcelain in China has made different achievements in different dynasties since the successful firing of blue glazed porcelain and brown glazed porcelain in the Eastern Han Dynasty. From the Three Kingdoms to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the porcelain industry in China developed rapidly. On the basis of celadon, celadon, black and brown variegated porcelain and yellow glazed celadon appeared, which changed the monochromatic state of early porcelain. In the Sui Dynasty, white porcelain was successfully fired.

In the Tang dynasty, the porcelain industry in the north and south developed unprecedentedly, and porcelain kilns rose widely. In particular, many varieties of Gongxian kiln, such as Tang Sancai, Changsha kiln's underglaze color and Jiaxian kiln's black glazed blue dot, are well-known at home and abroad, and the porcelain decoration method has also made great progress.

During the Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties, famous kilns came forth in large numbers, famous porcelain was gathered together, and the decoration was more colorful. The glaze color of the Jin Dynasty is particularly prominent. All these laid a good foundation for the development of Jingdezhen porcelain industry in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen formed a national porcelain center, and China porcelain industry entered a brand-new colored porcelain stage. The most prominent thing is that the firing technology of blue and white porcelain is perfect and mature, and it is exported to overseas in large quantities. At the same time, we also invented underglaze red glaze, red glaze, blue glaze and egg white glaze.

Ming and Qing Dynasties is an important period for the rapid development of China porcelain industry. Due to the establishment of the Imperial Kiln Factory and the innovation and progress of porcelain-making technology, the porcelain products of the Imperial Kiln Factory are meticulous, among which the famous varieties such as Yongle, Xuande's blue and white, Chenghua's bucket color, Wanli's multicolored, Yongzheng, Qianlong's enamel color, pastel and so on are well-known at home and abroad and enduring for a long time.

In the17th and 8th centuries, some European countries loved China porcelain very much. They often use precious metal materials to inlay porcelain to protect it and make it beautiful. Other museums put porcelain on buildings as an important decoration.

For example, some exterior walls of the Royal Palace in Thailand use pastel flower-and-bird tiles from China as walls, which are very elegant. Those pastel flower-and-bird tiles were produced during the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty. China ancient colored porcelain has a long history of artistic charm, which occupies an important position in the history of human cultural exchange and deserves to be regarded as a treasure in the history of Chinese civilization.

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