Ancient languages of China

1, Shang Dynasty: According to records, until the Warring States Period, when a hundred schools of thought contended, people held the elegance of the Central Plains, which also shows that people had the same desire to "enter the market elegantly" a long time ago.

2. Sui Dynasty: At that time, northern China was ruled by nomadic people in the north for a long time, and the customs and culture of the Han nationality changed greatly. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was bent on restoring the rites and music of the Han nationality, and did many measures to restore the culture of the Han nationality, including ordering Lu Fayan and others to compile Qieyun to examine more classic and pure Chinese.

3. On the basis of cutting rhyme, the Tang Dynasty formulated Tang rhyme as the standard pronunciation of the Tang Dynasty, stipulating that officials and imperial examinations must use Tang rhyme.

4. The Song Dynasty made Guang Yun on the basis of Tang Yun. After the death of the Northern Song Dynasty, Liu Yuan in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote Ping Yun Shui based on Guang Yun.

The capital of Yuan Dynasty was Dadu, which is today's Beijing. In the Yuan Dynasty, the imperial court stipulated that school teaching should use the common language with most phonetics as the main language.

6. Nanjing Mandarin is the official language of the Ming Dynasty. The mandarin of Beijing and Nanjing, the capitals of the Qing Dynasty, is still the mainstream mandarin of officialdom and intellectuals in the Qing Dynasty. In Yongzheng period (1728), an official sound hall was established, and Beijing Mandarin was established as the official pronunciation of Mandarin. The status of Beijing Mandarin has risen rapidly.

Extended data

The word "Putonghua" appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. The Qing court defined Beijing Mandarin as "Mandarin" in 1909, and the pronunciation of Mandarin was formulated many times during the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, it was stipulated in 1955 that the national common language was Putonghua. The predecessor of Mandarin is Mandarin in Ming and Qing Dynasties, before which it was called Yayan.

1953, the central people's government took Luanping County, Chengde City, Hebei Province as the main collection place of standard putonghua. 1955, it was determined that the name of modern standard Chinese was changed from Mandarin to Mandarin, and it was written into the Constitution as the national common language. After the standard was formulated, the State Council issued the Instruction on Promoting Putonghua on February 6th, 1956, which was popularized throughout the country.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Chinese