Who can introduce Hongze Lake?

Category: Area >> Jiang Su

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Hongze Lake is located in the western part of Hongze County, Jiangsu Province, and is developed on the alluvial plain in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River. It was originally a depression with poor water drainage, and then it retained water to form many small lakes. In the Qin and Han Dynasties in China, they are called "Fu Ling" lakes. Among them, Hongze Lake is the largest, with an area of 2069 square kilometers, for China's five freshwater lakes in the fourth largest freshwater lake.

Hongze Lake is known as broken kettle pond. In 616 AD, Emperor Yang of Sui went down to the south of the Yangtze River, which was at the time of the drought, the boat was very difficult. When the dragon boat through the broken kettle pond, a sudden downpour, the water rose high, the boat line smooth. Emperor Yang rejoiced, thought he was blessed with heavenly blessings, grace and prosperity, then the broken kettle pond was renamed Hongze Pu. The name Hongze Lake began in the Tang Dynasty.

The whole shape of Hongze Lake is very much like a swan with its head held high and its wings ready to fly. Because of the development of Hongze Lake in the alluvial plains of the depression, so the bottom of the lake is shallow and flat, the slope of the shore is slow, the bottom of the lake is higher than the east of the north of the plains of Su 4-8 meters, becoming a "hanging lake". Before the control of the Huaihe River, Hongze Lake was a vast area with no fixed shore and no certain shape. Referring to the governance of the Huaihe River, Hongze Lake was also improved. Now the eastern embankment of the lake is 50 meters wide and 67 kilometers long, almost entirely made of basalt stones. From a distance, it looks like a great wall on the water stretching across the lake. This dike not only protects the downstream area of ten thousand hectares of fertile land and thousands of villages and towns, and the rich water storage for shipping, power generation, irrigation provides a convenient.

Hongze Lake is a shallow lake, the water depth is generally within 4 meters, the maximum depth of 5.5 meters. The source of the lake, in addition to atmospheric precipitation, mainly by the river water. The rivers flowing into Hongze Lake are concentrated in the western part of the lake, including Huaihe River, Suixi River, Bianhe River and Anhe River. The Three Rivers and the North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal are the main rivers that drain Hongze Lake into the Yangtze River and the sea.

Hongze Lake is rich in aquatic resources, and there are nearly one hundred species of fish in the lake, mainly carp, crucian carp, bighead carp, green, grass, silver carp, etc.; the crabs in Hongze Lake are also famous far and near. In addition, Hongze Lake is very famous for its aquatic plants. The reeds are almost all over the lake, and where they are luxuriant, even boats find it difficult to navigate. Lotus root, Gorgon fruit, rhombus in the history that is well-known, there was a "chicken head, rhombus half a year grain," said.

Hongze Lake landscape

Hongze Lake embankment

Jersey Lake embankment was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty Jian'an five years (200 AD), by the Guangling governor Chen Deng presided over the construction of the first 30 miles, began to be called "Gaojiayan". During the reign of Ming Yongle, Chen Xuan, the governor, built a dike between Wudun and Zhouqiao, and during the reign of Ming Wanli, Pan Jixiao, the river watercourse, extended the dike to Jiangba, and the dike of Hongze Lake was basically completed. At the beginning, the dike was made of earth, but later it was changed to brick dike and stone dike. The stone embankment was built in the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580 AD), and was basically completed in 171 years after two dynasties of the Ming and Qing Dynasties***. The stone embankment adopts pile foundation technology. Stone linkage, iron pot bite title of the anti-wave method, in accordance with the natural flow of waves breaking wave wave prevention principle, built more than a hundred curves winding long embankment. At the same time in the embankment line built "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith" five water reduction dam to drain the flood water.

The stone embankment is more than a hundred miles long, magnificent, like the "Great Wall on the water". However, for hundreds of years, every flood season, due to the upstream water and the flood discharge capacity of the lower continent is a big difference, so the dike has been repeatedly routed, causing devastating disasters to the lower continent. 1950, *** comrade issued a "must fix the Huaihe River," the call, after 40 years of hard work, the construction of a series of large and medium-sized hydraulic buildings and flood relief, irrigation and other projects, such as the three river locks, the river, the river, the river and the river, and so on. After 40 years of hard work, a series of large and medium-sized hydraulic buildings and flood relief, irrigation and other projects, such as three river gates, two river gates, Gaoliangjian inlet gates, hydroelectric power stations, double line locks, etc. In the winter of 1966 and dismantled the original stone works, in the lake to add a 50-meter-wide, 14.5-meter-high anti-wave platform, with the old dike barstone built berms, planting more than 400,000 trees, the foot of the dike into a stone masonry slope, the upper top of the dike and cut a stone wall. In order to protect the dike foolproof, from the winter of 1976 to the spring of 1978, and in the east side of the dike plus 26 meters wide, 13.4 meters high secondary dike platform, but also fill in the Zhouqiao, GaoLiangJian two deep ponds, now the dike has really become "solid as a golden broth" of the "Great Wall of water!

From the county, the dyke has become the "Great Wall on the water".

Along the 50-mile embankment from the county to Jiangba, there are many places of interest, such as GaoLiangJianQingLongAn, dock exit at the big pier island of the Three Kingdoms when the general deng ai drinking pool site, and then forward to the nine dragons bay, zhouqiao pond, qianlong imperial monument, the rolling dam (i.e., benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom and faith in the five dams), huangang temple (the Shunzhi years of the jinshi, the poetry of the school of ShenRhyme of the emperor wang fishermen Yang had to come to the see the temple in the osmanthus bloom, fragrance full of yard, and the temple is the most important place in the history of the temple, and the most important thing is that the temple has the most important place. (Wang Yuyang, a scholar in the Shunzhi Dynasty and the founder of the Shenyun School of Poetry, once came here and saw that the osmanthus blossoms in the temple were in full bloom and filled the courtyard with fragrance, so he wanted to follow the Lanting's elegant gathering and invited the seven poets of the Lakeshore to the temple to sing osmanthus poems together), and the three river gates. Now Hongze Lake embankment on both sides of the east and west planted trees, borrowed to swim to fly a dragon, people walking in which, doubly feel the "vast clouds and smoke caged waves, rain color into the heavy abyss".

Zhenshui Iron Cow

Qing Kangxi years, Hongze Lake embankment was built, had cast nine oxen, two tigers and a chicken to town water. Now the tiger, the chicken has no trace, the iron ox is still "alive", but unfortunately only five. Unfortunately, there are only five of them left. Two of them are located at Jiangba Sanhe Lock Management Office, two of them are located at the Park and Gaoliangjian Inlet Lock, and one of them is located at Huaiyin Gaochun Community. The bulls are made of pig iron and are in good condition, except for the horns which are broken and some of the inscriptions which are rusted. The ox is 1.70 meters long, 0.57 meters wide, and 0.68 meters high, with an iron plate 0.07 meters thick, weighing about 2,250 kilograms. Cattle body shoulder rib cast in Yangwen regular script inscription, the inscription says: "but the gold gram wood dragon hide, but the earth system water turtle snake drop, cast rhinoceros for the town of Huaiyang, in addition to the wrong cushion forever reported to our emperor". From the inscription, the iron ox is used to suppress water. According to historical records, the history of Hongze Lake embankment broke many times, only from 1575 AD - 1855 years 280 years, on more than 140 times. At that time, the Qing Dynasty, in addition to the collection of workers to build, decided to cast iron oxen, in order to suppress the water, to remove the flood damage. Kangxi forty years (1701 AD), the big Secretary Zhang Suining equal to the Duan Yang Festival at noon in the Gao Liang Jian began casting, the original plan 9, after the material has more than, so cast into 16, cast after the iron oxen are placed in the dike of Hongze Lake in each of the dangerous section.

Turtle Mountain

Turtle Mountain, also known as Lower Turtle Mountain. Located on the shore of the Huaihe River, with three stone walls facing the lake and one side connected to the land, it is shaped like a giant tortoise, lying prostrate at the outlet of the Huaihe River into the lake, which is a natural fish mouth for the diversion of Huaiyun. It is about 80 miles southwest of Hongze County. According to legend, Yu ruled the water, three to Tongbai, was the water god of the Huai River Eddy Wuchi Qi, and will be locked in the foot of the tortoise mountain, the Huai River began to be safe. The famous Zhiqi Well is located here, which is also known as "Jellyfish Well". In Han and Jin dynasties, Turtle Mountain was the county seat, because it is near the heavenly danger of the Huai Shui, the history of the military place. Therefore, Turtle Mountain was also called "Military Mountain". In Tang and Song Dynasty, there was Linghui Pagoda on Turtle Mountain, and temples at the foot of the mountain were continuous with majestic halls and pavilions, such as the Divine Elephant of Huaidu, the Great Iron Buddha, and five hundred gilt-iron Luohan, etc. Unfortunately, they were destroyed in the war. Unfortunately, it was destroyed in the war. Turtle Mountain stands alone, tearing off the main stream, climbing the mountain, a thousand miles of Huaihuai, eight sides of the smoke and rain, as far as the eye can see. Ancient celebrities often came here to visit and sing. Mi Fu of Song Dynasty wrote a poem "Evening Bell of Turtle Mountain Temple": "Dangerous peaks are towering over the cloud tower, and the sunset is reflected in the sunset village", which has a new meaning. Park Yinliang, an envoy of Goryeo in the Song Dynasty, once visited Tortoise Mountain and wrote a poem "Over Tortoise Mountain". The poem says: "Rocky rocks are stacked into a mountain, under the beads of a water ring. The shadow of the pagoda hangs down in the bottom of Huai Lang, and the sound of the bell falls among the blue clouds. In front of the door, the guest rows on the torrential waves, and in the bamboo, the monk plays chess in the daytime. I was so fortunate to have the opportunity to visit this place that I left a poem about returning." This shows the prosperity of Tortoise Mountain in those years.

There are two monuments in Turtle Mountain: one is the reconstruction of the Huai Dushi Temple during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and the other is the reconstruction of the Huai Dushi Temple during the Qing Dynasty, which was built in the Qing Dynasty, and the other is the reconstruction of the Huai Dushi Temple in the Qing Dynasty, which was built in the Qing Dynasty, which was built in the Qing Dynasty. The other one is the Qing Dynasty "shift to build Anhuai Temple Stele", official script, for the famous calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, Yangzhou Ruan Yuan, the contents of the main narrative of the Yellow River to take over the Huaihu River and the Laozi Mountain dock and other water conservancy projects.

Mingzu Mausoleum

The Mingzu Mausoleum is located on the western shore of Hongze Lake, where the Huai River enters the lake. When Sizhou City was submerged by the lake, the Mausoleum of Ming Ancestors was also swallowed up in the lake. In the 70s and 80s of this century, in order to protect the Ming Zu Mausoleum, building embankment 3000 meters, the mausoleum from the lake separated from the lake, sunken in the lake for more than 300 years of cultural relics and treasures to see the light of day, and become a tourist attraction.

Ming Zu Mausoleum, known as "the first mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty". Zhu Yuanzhang after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, respect for his ancestor Zhu Bai six for the Xuan Emperor, great-grandfather Zhu Sijiu for the Heng Emperor, grandfather Zhu Chuyi for the Yu Emperor, and in the nineteenth year of the Hongwu (1386 AD) to build the Ancestral Mausoleum to the eleventh year of the Yongle (1413 AD) Ancestral Mausoleum all completed. Ancestral tomb of the original hall of the common people, the golden gate, jade bridge, kitchen library, well pavilion, slaughter livestock, worship fast, hostel straight room, store, pavilion, Yi from, etc., planted cypress ten thousand trees, Shendao more than 250 meters in length, on both sides of the two pairs of columns, nineteen pairs of stone statues, and there is a sacrifice to the field of 149 hectares, the scale of the grand, the momentum is not unusual.

Now, visitors to the Ming Zu Mausoleum, the first to see is twenty-one pairs of huge stone carvings, perched on both sides of the long Shen Road, experts believe that these carvings are the Ming Dynasty mausoleum stone carvings in the premier representative of the works of art, has a high artistic value. Because they have long been submerged underwater, less damage, stone carving details as clear as the year, delicate. Four pairs of ministers, wearing python robes, belt, hand knocking in front of the chest, gentle and tame; two pairs of military officials, the top armor, hand by the sword, eyes wide open, majestic. The rest of the lion, unicorn, horn end, horse, etc. are vivid and beautiful modeling, fine carving, smooth and soft lines. Such as the unicorn on the cloud pattern, whisking up the hand hair and PhiVu scale armor; lion head full of swirling curls, neck with the red tassels fluttering in the wind; stone horse neck on the silk countable fine mane, the body of vaguely discernible drops of sweat and saddle on the dragons and phoenixes, etc., are all exquisite stone art masterpieces. From the stone carving group to the north, is the latticework door site and the main hall site. There are 28 stone bases at the site of the main hall, so you can imagine the grand scale of the main hall. Zhu Yuanzhang high ancestor, great-grandfather and grandfather of the joint burial place called Xuan Gong, is now visible with brick vaulted buildings three caves, the front of the 2-meter-high, 1.2-meter-wide stone gate three, so far unexcavated. Ming Zu Mausoleum as an important part of the Hongze Lake tour area, is attracting more and more tourists with its unique style.

Legend of Hongze Lake

Nine oxen, two tigers and a chicken

People often use "Nine oxen and two tigers" as a metaphor for the strength of the Qing Dynasty *** in the reinforcement of the dike of the Hongze Lake, it was casting the "Nine oxen, two tigers and a chicken," placed on the dike, in order to pray for the town of Hongze Lake. The water is strong, in order to pray for the town water.

It is said that when the iron cow was cast, the belly is a gold heart and silver gallbladder, and often run to the fields at night to eat the people's crops, when people come out to fight, a stick hit its horns. Thereafter, I do not know which greedy people, steal the gold heart of the iron ox silver gall bladder, so that the iron ox can not act, lost the role of the town of water. The size of the existing iron cow such as the real cow, are for the head bending knees, like moo moo want to call, naive, lying horizontally in the thickness of about 10 centimeters on the joint iron seat, casting fine, vivid shape, weighing about 2,500 kilograms. Iron cow shoulder blade engraved with regular script Yangwen: "Vijin Kemu Jiaolong hide, Vitruvian system of water turtles and snakes down, cast rhinoceros with evidence of Huaiyang, in addition to the wrong pads to report to our emperor. Kangxi Xin has afternoon cast."

Canghai Changtian, "nine oxen, two tigers and a chicken" has been chicken and tiger run, leaving only five iron cattle scattered on the embankment in the wind and rain. Today, this iron ox has become the most popular Hongze Lake scene.

Liu Ji dike

Liu Ji helped Zhu Yuanzhang to destroy the Yuan Dynasty, the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the country is prosperous and people are at peace, but the flooding is very heavy, flooding often flooded crops, Zhu Emperor decree to Liu Ji to repair water conservancy.

Liu Ji received the decree, to the Hongze Lake area, from the Laozi Mountain to the Qingjiang River, all the way to survey the terrain. After he looked at the knowledge, the terrain of this area is uneven, built pile weir not according to the level of construction, so the upper head of the water, the lower head of the water on the mouth.

Liu Ji found the reason for the break, he bought a lot of rice bran from the people, transported to the upper reaches, and put down the water at Laozi Mountain. He slowly spread the rice bran over the water, so that the rice bran could be placed on both sides of the river to find the horizontal line, and then he built a pile of community according to the position of the rice bran, which is now the curved embankment of Hongze Lake.

After Liu Ji built the dyke in this way, it never fell down again, and it is still in good condition, and people call this dyke "steel dyke", which is so solid that it cannot be crossed by water.

The colorful boat with the girl

"Married out of the girl, splashing out of the water", but the first day of the New Year just after the Hongze Lake District fishermen will be the boat dressed up in flowers, the girl back home, *** words of family life, hospitality.

At the beginning of this century, the Huaihe River basin drifted countless fishermen, scattered along the shores of Hongze Lake. On February 2 of that year, a fisherman driving a flower boat into the small turtle beach on Lake Hongze, the family's daughter received the boat, laughing all the way upstream towards the Huaihe River, brought back to her mother's home, very scenic. When the local fishermen were curious, the woman said, "This is my family custom." After that, the woman said a song: the mother's colorful boat with a girl, the in-laws sent a virtuous mother; ushered in the words of the heart, parents and families praise the Red Queen. From then on, the custom of colorful boat with girls, like a unique flavor of the small play, in the Hongze Lake area, year after year performed down.

Qianlong Emperor looking for his father

After Qianlong's mother went to the palace, his father to the present day Hongze County Turtle Mountain as a monk. Qianlong went down to Jiangnan through the Turtle Mountain, giving each monk a robe, each kneeling down to thank the grace, only one does not kneel, calling himself "eight × monk" does not worship the Lord, Qianlong returned to Beijing to listen to the Empress Dowager after the explanation, Fang Zhi "eight ×" that is, "Father! The word "father", the father does not worship the child. Qianlong second to Turtle Mountain, his father has gone. Can not, later aimed at Turtle Mountain under the major repair temple, and the main gate of the temple called "Wu Chao door", because the emperor came here.

Laozi and Laozi Mountain

Legend has it that Laozi was a descendant of Pengzu and was born on the banks of the Huai Shui River. His mother was pregnant after eating a plum floating in the water, and after eighty-one years of gestation, she gave birth to a son with white hair, so she named him Li Laozi. He was also known as Laozi because of the three leaks on his ears, and his Taoist name was Yulong. In order to develop the western region and promote the Zhou rituals, the Zhou Dynasty sent Laozi to the west to lobby, and during his wanderings he became immortal after eating the immortal grass of the Queen Mother of the West. One day he rode a green ox and drifted down from the heavenly court to a reef in the sea, which became a small mountain after the sea water receded. Here he cultivated alchemy for the fishermen to cure the disease, people honored him as Taishang Laojun, and called this mountain Laozi Mountain.

Laozi Mountain, located on the south shore of Lake Hongze, for the Huaihe River into the lake port, surrounded by water on three sides, a mountain divided into north and south of the connection through, to the beautiful lake and mountains and famous. Laozi Mountain since ancient times, commercial prosperity, cultural development, north and south merchants often gathered here. This mountain has a lot of attractions and monuments, there are Laozi alchemy platform, green cow traces (Laozi mount green cow hoofprints), Phoenix Pier, fishing platform, law flower temple, Utah Dragon Academy and other ten scenic spots, but unfortunately they were destroyed in the war, and now only survives the immortal Cave, the remains of the Phoenix Pier. Laozi Mountain territory has dozens of large and small beaches, together with more than 30 million acres of water, extremely rich in natural resources. The lake is rich in a variety of freshwater fish, shrimp, crabs, turtles, mussels, as well as diamonds, lotus roots, lotus seeds, owed to the real, reeds, rhododendron grass and so on. Southwest of the town lake has nearly 10,000 acres of continuous lotus ponds, lotus ponds in full bloom, really "catching the sky lotus leaves infinitely blue, reflecting the sun lotus flowers red", the lake is really a great place to see, there is the "Laozi Mountain Records" as evidence.

Why is the fish in Hongze Lake fresh

The Monkey King made a mess of the Palace of Heaven, after stealing the immortal dan of the Supreme Lord Laojun. Li Laojun can not, only to avoid the Sun Wukong, set up a cloud head straight to the west, trying to find a quiet place to make pills. Standing on the cloud, Laojun saw a green mountain below, at the foot of which was green grass as far as the eye could see. Laojun landed on the ground and saw that it was the old mountain on the south shore of Hongze Lake, which happened to have another cave. Li Laojun in this old mountain to pick herbs to make pills, the Monkey King was anxious to go everywhere to find Li Laojun for the elixir, but could not find. Later, he set up clouds straight to the west, once he saw the south shore of Hongze Lake has a big mountain, he landed down in the south slope of the mountain to see an immortal cave, went in. When he got inside, he saw that the Old Lord Li was busy making the elixir of God. When Laojun Li saw the Monkey King, he hurriedly put the divine pill into a gourd, set up a cloud and ran to the sky. The Monkey King caught up with him and reached out to grab the gourd. Seeing that the elixir was about to be taken away by the Monkey King, Li Laojun raised his big iron rod to break the gourd in a fit of anger. The Monkey King grabbed and snatched a few pills of the elixir, and the rest of the elixir fell into the Hongze Lake. Fish, shrimps and crabs all scrambled to eat the elixir. Since then, the fish in Hongze Lake, meat fresh and flavorful, delicious and tasty, until now is still known far and wide.

Fishermen brush pots and pans without going into the water

Once upon a time, there was a fisherman and his wife in Hongze Lake, who were very poor and had only a broken rowboat and a broken pot. One day, the old couple crossed Hongze Lake and wanted to buy some rations at the market, and then buy a small pot. The boat docked to the market to buy things, but see the store and grocery stalls are not answering. The old man is very angry, see the day has been evening, in a hurry, they went to the grain store to grab a handful of small grain rice, and in the grocery store to take a small pot, turn around to the boat, sell things to the people do not catch up to him for money, the fisherman is very strange. After boarding the boat, only to see a vast area of water all around. It was only then that the old couple realized that this was the city of Surabaya. The next morning, the fisherman found that the small grain rice brought back turned into fresh fish. The old two mouths are overjoyed and then immediately carry the fish to the market to sell, and buy back this rice, happy to return to the boat ready to burn rice, open the lid of the pot to see, the pot of rice and vegetables, the old two mouths rely on this pot life for a long time.

One day, the old fisherwoman put the pot into the water to brush a clean, but, the pot into the water is gone. Therefore, the fishermen of Hongze Lake no longer put the pot into the lake to brush the pot. This custom has been passed down to this day.