The influence of etiquette thought on the construction of ancient cities in China and its application

In ancient times, China advocated "ceremony" as the fundamental way to govern the country and "ritual system" as the criterion to maintain the universal order and social order in the world. "Liv, the classics of heaven, the meaning of the earth, the trip of people." "A husband should be intimate, suspicious, different and distinguish between right and wrong." The thought of etiquette is deeply rooted in China, and its core content is to affirm the rationality of social stratum differentiation, such as seniority, seniority, seniority, and so on, and deliberately create a hierarchical ladder of the whole society, which is different in respect of seniority, intimacy, and inequality, so as to maintain the ruling order between monarch, minister and father, and thus achieve the political goal of long-term stability. For more than 2,000 years, rites have penetrated into all aspects of China's traditional civilization and social life, and naturally influenced the architecture of China. On the one hand, the influence of ritual system on ancient architecture in China is reflected in the prevalence of ritual architecture; On the other hand, it is reflected in the extensive penetration of etiquette into ancient buildings, which makes hierarchy and etiquette become important features of ancient architecture in China.

Zhou Li's thought of etiquette is "a craftsman ruling the country, with a square of nine miles, three doors by the side, nine classics in junior high school, nine tracks in painting, sitting in the ancestral right society, facing the market outlook and the city facing the peers". All the experts and scholars who specialize in urban planning are familiar with this record in Zhou Li Textual Research, which describes the layout characteristics of the ancient Zhouwangcheng in China and proves that China had an urban system for urban construction as early as the Western Zhou Dynasty. According to legend, The Rites of Zhou was made by the Duke of Zhou (Ji Dan), the son of Zhou Wenwang, and the King City of Zhou was also built by the Duke of Zhou. Zhou Li's etiquette thought requires that the palace and the palace where the emperor manages affairs are located in the central part of the city construction, and must be able to reflect the supreme status and respect for unity. Therefore, all the buildings to which the son of heaven belongs are higher than other buildings in the capital and all other cities in China. There are princes and nobles at all levels below the son of heaven, including princes, princes, uncles, sons and men, who should be in their respective positions according to the etiquette system; Local governance institutions at all levels have strict hierarchy according to their location, city, size of official positions, color of materials used in houses, number of gates, etc.