Safety Hazards and Solutions in Water Resources Engineering Construction Essay

Water conservancy project construction safety hazards and solutions essay

1.Preface

As the old saying goes, "Eat water without forgetting to dig wells people". Water conservancy projects bear the task of retaining, storing and draining water, the seasonality of engineering construction is strong, often in poor geological conditions of the environment, so the construction of the project has a strong systematic and comprehensive, but also has a certain degree of danger and accidental, easy to cause huge property losses and casualties. For a long time, safety management has become a difficult and weak point of water conservancy construction, how to build an effective safety production management system is the key to water conservancy project construction.

2. The significance of water conservancy project construction safety management

Safety management is the core of water conservancy project construction, set up a "safety first" concept helps to urge the construction enterprises to improve the safety production rules and regulations, and constantly improve the level of enterprise management, build the core competitiveness, which is the core of enterprise production and development. Core competitiveness, which is the enterprise production and development of the fundamental, but also to benefit the land, to protect the people safe drinking water, and promote the stable development of agriculture is the key; water conservancy project construction safety management fully embodies the "people-oriented" core values, is conducive to the creation of a safe operating environment, reduce the safety of production hazards, so that the concept of safety has become a kind of Enterprise culture, thereby stimulating the enthusiasm of the staff, to create better economic and social benefits for the enterprise; construction enterprises to establish a safety management system system, in order to adapt to the requirements of the modernization of the construction industry, to promote the healthy development of the construction industry, which is the inevitable requirements of the integration of the global economy, but also the inevitable path to participate in the globalization of the construction industry competition.

3. Water conservancy project construction safety hazards

According to the Ministry of Housing and Construction statistics, in 2016, China *** occurred 60,000 accidents of all kinds, death 41,000 people, "five major injuries" is the main culprit of the casualties caused by building construction accidents. Carefully analyze the causes of the above accidents, lies in the following aspects:

(1) the lack of safety management system

Water conservancy construction safety management system is to protect the basis of operational safety, but many construction companies do not pay enough attention to safety, the enterprise puts the economic interests of the first priority, safety production is just a slogan, so the safety production management system and responsibility system is not perfect, safety management system often becomes a mere decoration, can not be used to protect the safety of the construction industry, the safety of the construction industry, and the safety of the construction industry. Management system often becomes a setup, can not fundamentally guarantee the safety of water conservancy project construction.

(2) construction personnel of low quality

The construction industry is the concentration of migrant workers in the industry, construction migrant workers accounted for about 20% of the total number of migrant workers in the country. Due to the lack of clear safety responsibility and funding out of the main responsibility is not implemented, the lack of vocational training of construction industry migrant workers, safety production training is not in place, resulting in a lack of safety awareness of water conservancy construction workers, self-protection of the awareness of the weak, did not strictly implement the norms of safety production.

(3) safety construction technology is insufficient

In recent years, new technologies, new materials, new equipment, new techniques are widely used in water conservancy construction, especially a variety of new machinery and equipment to gradually replace the traditional human labor, greatly improving the construction efficiency. Due to the management personnel did not seriously on the safety of operators, workers failed to master the essentials, so the safety of frequent accidents, many engineering safety accidents is the lack of performance or maintenance of machinery and equipment caused by untimely.

(4) lack of awareness of safety precautions

construction did not seriously implement the daily safety management system, the existence of paralysis and carelessness, do not pay attention to the protection of the site personnel safety, the site of the work of the material stacking, equipment operation is not standardized enough, the key fire prevention area without supervision, the source of the danger did not develop appropriate preventive and control measures, the hidden dangers of safety and the first signs of accidents did not pay enough attention to. Safety accidents are not dealt with thoroughly, resulting in repeated occurrences of safety accidents.

(5) the lack of hidden security risks

Construction units are not in place for the hidden security risks of production, do not implement the responsibility of safety supervision, the construction of the safety supervision team is insufficient, the supervision unit has not established a perfect inspection mechanism, backward means of supervision, supervision is limited. As a result, the construction personnel safety awareness is not strong, did not use effective safety protection facilities, the phenomenon of violation of rules and regulations prevails.

4. Water conservancy project construction safety solutions

(1) to establish the concept of safety management, the establishment of a safety production management system

Safety is the guarantee of all production, "no safety, no benefit", water conservancy project construction enterprises must adhere to the "safety first, no benefit". Must adhere to the "safety first, prevention first" policy, so that all departments and all personnel always tighten the string of safety, and set aside no less than 2% of the project cost of special funds for production safety, invested in safety, protective gear, environmental protection and so on. Enterprises must establish their own `safety production management system, including the establishment of safety production management system, establish safety control objectives, so as to construct a safety barrier for each process. The production safety management system includes safety measures plan system, safety meeting system, special construction program expert verification system, production safety responsibility system, safety technology delivery system, safety inspection system, etc., to ensure the institutionalization of the virtuous cycle, the formation of "someone to make decisions, someone to coordinate, someone to supervise, and someone to implement the" work mechanism, to realize the dynamic supervision of production safety, to ensure that the construction of a dynamic supervision, to ensure that the construction of a safe, safe and secure environment. To achieve dynamic supervision of production safety, to ensure that the construction process is institutionalized, standardized, standardized.

(2) Strengthen safety education and training to improve the team's safe operation level

Currently, China's construction industry safety accidents are frequent, and the low quality of construction personnel associated with the deep. It is estimated that less than 2% of migrant workers in the construction industry have received more than two weeks of formal training. To really improve the level of safety construction, water conservancy construction enterprises must strictly implement the provisions of the new "Work Safety Law", the establishment of personnel safety training system, the implementation of the three-level safety education, management personnel, construction personnel to carry out a comprehensive safety knowledge education and training, to enhance their ability to operate safely. In particular, the construction personnel should be trained to prevent dangerous sources, improve alertness and emergency operation ability, so that they can correctly face all kinds of dangerous situations; establish an emergency rescue system, strengthen the inspection and evaluation of the construction site, carry out emergency drills for the construction personnel, and improve the emergency rescue system of the construction site. At present, new equipment, new technologies continue to emerge, enterprises should strengthen training and learning, so that workers can correctly grasp the use of methods to improve the level of operator safety precautions.

(3) standardize the construction site management, good mechanical equipment management

The water conservancy construction site is very complex, a variety of processes, operations, equipment cross, and at any time in motion. Construction companies must standardize the site management, detailed investigation of the site before construction of terrain, features, landforms, etc., to do a good job of safety and technical briefings, according to the project characteristics, staffing arrangements, the difficulty of the process, etc. to determine the level of safety and technical briefings, so that the operators are clear about the construction methodology, operating procedures, construction requirements, etc., in particular, it is necessary to be clear about the hidden safety hazards, sources of danger, emergency rescue measures, etc., to ensure safe production, civilized construction "Double standardization". Water conservancy construction machinery and equipment is more and more complex, the project department should regularly maintain the maintenance of machinery and equipment, and check it at the end of each use to avoid operating with disease or overuse. And strengthen the risk warning and monitoring, focusing on cast-in-place concrete, pit support, earth excavation, precipitation works, lifting and hoisting and other safety hazards, and qualitative assessment and quantitative assessment, and then develop a special project construction program and accident plan contingency measures.

(4) Enhance the awareness of safety precautions, carry out the daily management of project safety

The project department must implement the safety inspection system and the production safety responsibility system, and strengthen the control of man, machine, material and environment method. The team leader should strengthen the inspection in the class, identify and correctly deal with the source of danger in a timely manner, correct the irregular operation procedures, if they can not be resolved, they should immediately report to the construction foreman, rather than procrastinate or leave it alone. Safety inspection team should strengthen the inspection, once found violations and hidden accident problems, we must immediately open the "hidden problem notice", ordering the team to regular, fixed, fixed measures to solve the problem. Fall from height, collapse, object strikes and other accidents are more common, site managers need to pay great attention. For example, tower cranes and overhead transmission lines must maintain a safe distance, hanging objects spacing shall not be less than 2m; each welding machine should be set up a separate switch box, pay attention to fire prevention and explosion-proof; deep pits should be surrounded by protective railings, operators can not be in the hazardous rocks or structures below the work, and so on.

(5) clear corporate responsibility to strengthen the supervision and inspection of safety issues

Water conservancy construction enterprises must strengthen the supervision and inspection of safety issues, especially for construction projects with a high risk factor, should establish a professional supervision and management team, and at the same time play an effective role in the role of the supervisor, will be the safety management work in practice, for the violation of the safety of the production of acts to be punished, so as to effectively reduce the safety hazards. Effectively reduce safety hazards. Construction industry frequently occurs safety accidents of the deep-seated reason is that the construction enterprise there are layers of subcontracting, subcontracting and even qualifications, such as illegal behavior, leading to the general contract, subcontracting, supervision and even the contractor are not strong on the responsibility of production safety, the construction process is paralyzed. To effectively prevent water conservancy construction safety accidents, first of all need to cancel the contracting system, instead of the construction unit directly recruiting workers, prompting enterprises to take the initiative to strengthen the training; secondly, the safety officer or construction team leader must accompany the workers to strengthen the management of the construction site, and timely detection of hidden safety hazards; finally, the safety supervision department to strengthen the fight against non-compliance, and strictly pursue the main body of the enterprise's responsibility for the implementation of the lifelong accountability system for the project manager. The company's main responsibility is to implement a lifelong accountability system for the project manager.

5. Conclusion

Water conservancy projects benefit thousands of households, in 2017 China will increase support for water conservancy infrastructure, and to support the construction of post-disaster water conservancy weaknesses, is expected to agriculture, forestry and water conservancy expenditures of 1435.844 billion yuan. A hundred years of planning, safety first, safety management is is the focus of water conservancy construction management and difficult, water conservancy enterprises must establish a safe production management system system, to instill the concept of safety to all staff, the safety management work throughout the entire process of the project, to provide security for the construction of water conservancy projects.

References:

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[2]Xu Xiaodong. Discussion on how to strengthen the safety management in water conservancy project construction[J]. Agricultural Technology Service, 2015(06):211.

[3]Liu Xianbin. Discussion on safety construction management measures of water conservancy project [J]. Henan Water Conservancy and South-to-North Water Diversion, 2012(4):16-17.