What are the folkways and customs of the Spring Festival?

The Spring Festival culture, as an important part of traditional Chinese culture, reflects the profound Chinese cultural heritage and records the colorful social life of ancient people. So what are the folkways and customs of the Spring Festival? Here I will answer your questions.

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strong> What are the folk customs of the Spring Festival

1: Sacrifice to the God of the stove

Sacrifice to the stove, is a very influential folk custom in our country, which has been widely spread. Legend has it that on the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, Mr. Zao will ascend to heaven and report to the Jade Emperor on the good and bad deeds of the family for a year, and the Jade Emperor will then hand over to Mr. Zao the fate of the family in the new year according to Mr. Zao's report. The ceremony of sending the God of Zao is called "sending Zao" or "resigning from Zao", in which the people offer red candles and sugar melons, and send the God of Zao to heaven in a grand ceremony, praying that the God of Zao will "say good things on heaven, and bring good fortune to the lower world". Nowadays, this custom is still practiced in many rural areas.

2: watch the fire

In addition to the temple fair, the folk self-performance of self-entertainment of the fire is also a long history of the New Year's entertainment. Social fire originated from the ancient worship of the land god and fire god. Society, that is, the land god; fire, that is, fire ancestor, is the legendary fire god. In China, known for its agricultural culture, the land is the basis of people's foothold, which lays the material foundation for the survival and development of mankind. Fire, is the source of cooked food and warmth, but also essential to the survival and development of mankind, ancient people with primitive thinking that fire also has a "spirit", and regarded as a special meaning of the gods to be worshipped, so the formation of the concept of fire. Ancient land and fire worship, produced the custom of sacrificing to the community and fire. With the development of society, the rituals of social fire gradually become a grand scale, rich in content, a variety of folk entertainment.

3: Chinese knot

The Chinese knot, also known as the disk long knot, each knot is knotted from end to end with a red rope. Chinese knot originated in ancient times, when there was no writing, people in order to remember certain things, in a rope coiled on different knots to show memory, which is "knotting to remember things". At that time, people used this method not only to memorize important things in production and life, but also for young people to express their love. As a kind of decorative artwork, the Chinese knot gives people an impression of simplicity and good fortune. It contains a strong ethnic vernacular flavor and is elegant in appearance, reflecting both the mystery of ancient times and the spirituality of the Chinese people. Therefore, it quickly became the object people hung indoors during the Spring Festival, or gave to each other. Elegant shape, antique flavor to the traditional festivals add peaceful, auspicious atmosphere.

4: dust sweeping

"Twenty-four, dust sweeping day". To welcome the new, we must first get rid of the old. Dust sweeping is the end of the year cleaning, the north called "room sweeping", the south called "dusting". Sweeping dust before the Spring Festival, is a traditional folk custom in China. Dust day, the whole family up and down all hands, cleaning houses, courtyards, scrubbing pots and pans, dismantling bedding, clean to welcome the New Year. In fact, people use "dust" and "Chen" of the harmonic expression in addition to the old, in addition to the old will.

5: Posting Spring Festival

Posting Spring Festival this activity during the Spring Festival from the Song Dynasty began to flourish, every New Year's Day, the family has the custom of posting Spring Festival couplets.

Chunlian, commonly known as "door pair", also known as "spring post", is a kind of couplets, because in the Spring Festival posted, so called Chunlian. One of the origins of the Spring Festival couplets is the peach charm. Initially, people used peach wood to carve human figures to hang next to the door to ward off evil spirits, and later painted the image of the god of the door on peach wood, and then simplified to inscribe the name of the god of the door on the peach wood board. Another source of spring couplets is the spring stickers, the ancients in the spring days more stickers "Yichun" two words. The real popularity of spring couplets began in the Ming Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang's advocacy. According to historical records, one year before New Year's Eve, Zhu Yuanzhang had ordered every family to post a pair of spring couplets on the door to celebrate. Originally, the spring couplets were inscribed on mahogany boards, but later they were written on paper instead. The color of mahogany is red, red has the meaning of good luck and evil spirits, so most of the spring couplets are written on red paper.

6: Post the word "Fu" upside down

In our country, people often use a "Fu" character to express the desire and pursuit of good fortune, good luck and happiness. Whenever the old and new moments, families have to put the "Fu" word posted on the door, meaning that the blessing into the home. Many places also posted upside down "Fu" word, the use of "down" and "to" the harmonic, meaning "Fu to".

7: New Year's Eve, the New Year's Eve, the night of the last day of the year, and the Spring Festival, the first and last, is "a night of even two years, five years into two years," an important moment. "In addition to the meaning of "go", New Year's Eve means "the end of the month and the end of the year", which means that the old year will be removed, and the new year will be replaced by a new one. New Year's Eve is the first climax of the festival. The New Year's Eve celebration, commonly known as the "New Year's Eve celebration", begins with the New Year's Eve dinner. New Year's Eve dinner is the most family-friendly, full of warmth and peace of the family feast, at this time, people not only enjoy the table full of delicious food, but also enjoy the strong affection and festive celebrations. After the New Year's Eve dinner, in addition to young children, the whole family began to keep watch, *** with the old and welcome the new.

New Year's Eve, China's folk will also be held to step on the age of the activities, that is, in the yard will be sesame stalks glued to the yellow paper rolled into the shape of a treasure, saved into a bundle, known as the "Treasure Bowl". Then, the whole family with their feet will be crushed to "broken" harmonic "year", and borrowed sesame blossoms of the auspicious symbolism of the high, wishing the family to prosper, to express the blessings of the new year and prayers. Nowadays, the custom of stepping on the age has been replaced by the burning of firecrackers.

8: New Year's Day

New Year's Day, is an important activity during the Spring Festival, which, like the reunion dinner on New Year's Eve, is the Spring Festival custom that best reflects the "flavor of the year". In the past, the order of the family New Year's Eve for a worship of heaven and earth, two worship ancestors, three worship high hall. Generally on the first day of the New Year, the younger generation to the elders to pay tribute to the New Year, wishing the elders blessings such as the East China Sea, longevity than Nanshan. After the New Year to relatives to pay homage, the general rule is the first day to pay homage to the family, the second day to pay homage to the family in law, the third day to pay homage to relatives. In classmates, colleagues, friends, collaborators, neighbors should also pay New Year's greetings to each other. In the "New Year's greetings," the sound of congratulations, close the distance between the heart and mind, enhance the feelings of people. As the old saying goes, the New Year's greeting "to link the friendship of the year, in order to township".

9: New Year's Eve money

New Year's Eve when the New Year's Eve, the elders to the younger generation of the New Year's Eve money, also known as the pressure to win money. Because of the "year" and "Sneaky" resonance, elders hope that the New Year's Eve money can drive away evil spirits, blessing the child peace and security, the New Year's Eve money sends the elders to the late generation of the great hope and deep love.

10: firecrackers

Chinese folk have "open door firecrackers", that is, the arrival of the new year, families open the door to the first thing is to set off firecrackers, to split the sound of firecrackers to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new. Firecrackers is a Chinese holiday entertainment, can bring joy and good luck.

According to historical records, the earliest firecrackers are made of bamboo poles and other flammable torch. Because of the abundance of bamboo in the south of China, this custom was first popularized from the south. When the bamboo burns, the air in the bamboo expansion, causing the bamboo cavity burst, the crackling sound, the name of the firecracker also came from this. About the Tang Dynasty, people put gunpowder in the bamboo tube to ignite. Song Dynasty, people have been commonly used inside the gunpowder paper rolls instead of bamboo tubes, that is, the current firecrackers.

11: temple fair

Temple fair, most Chinese people's Spring Festival complex, but also an indispensable annual tradition. The Spring Festival temple fair is the earliest folk religious ceremonies, temple fair time, usually by monks, Taoist priests to do "legal affairs" or "dojo" to sacrifice to the gods and buddhas, people also want to incense pilgrimage, make a wish, return the wish, seek blessings. During the temple fair, there are also vendors and folk art performances. The temple fair has a long history of popular traditional projects, such as lion dance, dragon dance, rice-planting songs, stilt walkers, running boats and so on.

12: Sheep Day on the third day of the first month of the lunar calendar

The third day of the first month of the lunar calendar is the day when Nüwa made sheep, so it is called "Sheep Day". On this day, people can not kill the sheep, if the weather is good, it means that the year, sheep will be well raised, sheep farmers will have a good harvest.

In the old days, the night of the third day and night of the annual festival of pine and cypress branches and festivals hung door god door paper and incineration, to show that the year is over, and to start camping. Proverbs have "burned the door god paper, personal search physiological".

Folk think that the third day of the first month for the Valley's birthday, this day to pray for the year, and forbidden to eat rice.

That is, Tianqing Festival. Song dynasty court festival, Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu first year, because of rumors of heavenly books down to earth, Zhenzong issued an imperial edict, the first three days of the first month for the Tianqing Festival, officials and other vacation five days. Later called the small year dynasty, do not sweep the ground, do not beg for fire, do not draw water, the same as the year dynasty.

13: stick "Chikou"

In southern China, the morning of the third day of the Lunar New Year to stick "Chikou" (forbidden mouth), that this day is prone to quarrels, it is not suitable for New Year's. The so-called "Chikou" is the first day of the Lunar New Year, the first day of the Lunar New Year. The so-called "red mouth", generally about seven or eight inches long and one inch wide strip of red paper, on which is written on some in and out of the peace and good luck words (the content of a certain format, for example: "A.D. 1994 years A Hundred and Eleventh Year on the third day of the first month of the first year of the year, when the God before the incense and fire in front of the door nailed to break off the four directions of men and women in red mouth thieves, thieves and Mars, all the scourges to the sky! Great Luck"), posted on the tops of the front and back doors, and another on top of the garbage to be picked out and dumped outside. These garbage is the first two days of the first two days of the accumulation down, must be to the third only together to clean up and pour out, otherwise, it is equal to the home of the gold and silver treasures to the outside world as well. In short, the sticker "Chikou", is to make people psychologically feel safe in and out all year round, do not have a quarrel with people or a variety of unfortunate disasters, home more wealth into the treasure, all the best.

14: the fifth day of the first month "broken five"

The fifth day of the first month is commonly known as the broken five. Folklore said that many taboos before the broken five over this day can be broken. According to the old custom to eat "dumplings" five days, the north called "cooking meat and potatoes". Nowadays, some people only eat three or two days, some eat every other day, but not eat. From the princely mansion to the streets and alleys of small households are, even for guests. Women also no longer avoid the door, began to visit each other to pay tribute to the New Year, congratulations. Newly married women in this day to return to peace. A said broken five this day should not do things, otherwise the year meets with failure. Broken five customs in addition to the above taboos, mainly to send poor, welcome the God of Fortune, the opening of the market trade.

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