Research on industrialization, urbanization, industrialization, informatization and modernization in the process of agricultural modernization

China puts forward industrialization, urbanization, industrialization, informatization, modernization of the five goals have been identified by the party's 17th National Congress as a national strategy, the modernization of agriculture and the five have a relationship, but the core is the fusion of industrialization and informatization, without information technology under the conditions of industrialization, urbanization can not be achieved in the modernization of agriculture.

Taking an overview of the development path of the world's developed countries, it can be clearly seen that when industrial development reaches a certain level and stage, many countries have chosen the development model of industrial feeding agriculture and urban support for rural areas. Unlike the path of industrialized countries in Europe and the United States, Japan and South Korea and China belong to the same East Asia, in getting rid of backward agriculture, rural production methods, mode of living, its characteristics have many similarities.

Industry feeding agriculture is the tractor of rural modernization. Since the early 1960s to the present more than 40 years, Japan and South Korea, although faced with different domestic and foreign situations, respectively, have gone through a period of twists and turns, but to promote agriculture and rural modernization of the determination and planning has remained unchanged. From Korea's "New Village Movement" to the "Han River Miracle", from Japan's "National Economy Doubling Plan" to the current implementation of various agricultural reforms, the governments of Japan and South Korea have put great energy and financial resources to address agriculture, rural and rural areas. The government of Japan and South Korea have put a lot of energy and financial resources into solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

Industry feeding agriculture is the tractor to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. It is a common practice in industrialized countries to support agriculture by maximizing the support and protection of agriculture backed by strong growth of the national economy and strong financial resources. Both Japan and South Korea have used the practice of promoting agriculture with industry and bringing the countryside with the city to achieve obvious results.

Japan's national financial support for agriculture and the degree of protection is the highest among all developed countries. If you add the local government budget expenditure, Japan's financial support for agriculture more than the total agricultural GDP. 2003 Japan's budget for agriculture 2366.7 billion yen, about 169.05 billion yuan, than our 2001 agricultural budget of 145.7 billion yuan 16% higher. And that year, Japan's arable land area of 4.76 million hectares, 2.98 million households, if this budget folded into the arable land and households, it is up to 2,368 yuan per acre, each household up to 56,728 yuan. Japan's agricultural policy itself has a high gold content, the government is bound to support a certain amount of funds for each policy, which is the main reason for the high rate of realization of agricultural policy.

Japan and South Korea's implementation of the policy of feeding agriculture with labor and its fruitful results, triggered a series of thoughts, y felt that since the 16th National Congress, the Party Central Committee has put forward the strategy of urban-rural integration, the "two tendencies" of the important assertions and the strategy of building a new socialist countryside is very wise, far-reaching significance. A deep understanding and a correct grasp of these important assertions and strategies, timely adjustment of economic and social development strategies, and increase industrial support for agriculture and urban support for rural areas is not only the successful experience of the industrialized countries and common practice, but also the road to modernization in China.

Strengthening the construction of rural cooperative economic organizations. Improving the level of farmers' organization is the basis for realizing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. In Japan and South Korea, the organization that connects farmers is the agricultural cooperative organization (referred to as "Nonghyup"). Agricultural cooperatives are a major feature and backbone of the Japanese and Korean agricultural management systems, and have played a pivotal role in the development of the rural economy, the enhancement of the status of agriculture, the countryside and farmers, and the promotion of agricultural modernization. The Japanese and Korean agricultural association system has the following five outstanding features: first, the law leads the way; second, the government supports; third, the organization is strict; fourth, the function is complete; fifth, the strength is strong.

Through the comparison of China, Japan and South Korea, we y feel that there is a huge gap between China and Japan and South Korea in the construction of rural cooperative economic organizations. Although China has established a reasonable system of family contract farming, but the average size of China's farming households is less than 1/3 of Japan and South Korea, so ultra-small-scale operations, how to further play the role of the organization to ensure that the system and mechanism, so far has not yet broken the problem. Practice has proved that the role of rural cooperative economic organizations, the grass-roots government can not be replaced, the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is also difficult to replace. Although our country has established a number of farmers' professional cooperative economic organizations, but at present it is still far from a climate. The long-term failure to rationalize the agricultural business system has become a bottleneck in promoting various reforms and development in the countryside, and it is necessary to enhance our sense of anxiety and accelerate the pace of building rural cooperative economic organizations. This is also Japan and South Korea to promote agricultural and rural modernization experience gives us the greatest inspiration.

Japan and South Korea's experience gives us food for thought. 2006 is the opening year of the new rural construction, Japan and South Korea in the process of decades of rural construction of the accumulation of many useful experience gives us food for thought. To effectively solve the most urgent practical problems for farmers. Farmers are the main body of the construction of a new countryside, they must be allowed to participate fully, see the benefits, get the benefits, do not impose the will of the governor to the farmers, Japan and South Korea in the construction of the countryside in the most successful experience is the government in the timely implementation of preferential policies, the introduction of industry into the countryside, to provide part-time job opportunities for farmers to improve the income of farmers.

To guide all aspects of social forces **** with the participation of rural construction. Japan and South Korea attach great importance to urban-rural interaction and exchanges, many of the city's enterprises, institutions, schools, etc. have established cooperative relations with the countryside. Following the "New Rural Movement", South Korea started the "One Factory, One Village" movement in 2004, in which urban companies voluntarily establish cooperative exchanges with the countryside to provide "one helping hand, one supporting hand" support, which is rapidly expanding. "It is rapidly expanding into a movement to support agriculture with the participation of the whole society. This movement was approved by President Roh Moo-hyun and was listed as a priority policy by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in 2005, and is now included in the five-year plan. Currently, "One Factory, One Community" is gradually changing from personnel exchange to financial and material assistance, and it is planned to gradually expand "One Factory, One Village" to "One School, One Village", It is planned to gradually expand "a factory and a village" to "a school and a village", "a district and a village", "a store and a village" and "an organization and a village", so as to increase the strength of feeding the countryside in a wider scope. Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China is carrying out the "factory village combination" has also received good results.

To build a new countryside with idyllic characteristics. Japan and South Korea in promoting the construction of rural areas, pay particular attention to how to combine the fine traditions of rural areas and modernization. China in the construction of new rural areas in the process, will inevitably be the old village re-planning, and in the development of planning, must refrain from copying the urban planning in its original form, we must fully learn from the lessons learned in the construction of small towns, and strive to make the new countryside to maintain the modern idyllic scenery.

The new rural management personnel should be trained as soon as possible. Rural construction includes both hardware construction such as infrastructure and software construction such as education, culture, health and management. Japan and South Korea's rural construction in addition to the importance of improving the quality of farmers, but also pay great attention to the training of village-level cadres to improve their management level. Japan through the government and agricultural associations two ways to train a large number of rural management cadres, so that rural management in order.

To focus on solving the problem of rural construction in mountainous areas. China, Japan and South Korea all have a considerable number of mountainous rural areas. Compared with the rural areas in the plains, the construction of rural areas in mountainous regions, especially deep mountainous regions, is lagging behind and more difficult. In their construction of mountainous rural areas, Japan and South Korea have focused on connecting roads, water and electricity, improving the natural environment for mountain farmers, and creating a platform for the development of mountainous economic characteristics. In China's new rural construction, the central and western regions, especially in mountainous rural areas is the focus and difficulty of the region, how to increase the construction of mountainous rural areas, so that these rural areas not only improve the conditions, but also the development of the economy, is a major issue in front of us.

To provide a strong institutional guarantee for the construction of new rural areas. In order to promote the construction of rural areas, both Japan and South Korea have introduced many laws and policies to escort the full implementation of rural construction. Japanese and South Korean agricultural economists generally believe that rural construction is more complex than urban construction, is a difficult systematic project, there must be appropriate institutional safeguards, otherwise, farmers will think that the government is just shouting slogans.