The Significance of Color in China's Traditional Opera Facial Makeup

A white face indicates treachery, such as Cao Cao in Hero.

Red indicates loyalty and courage, such as Guan Yu in "Single Knife Meeting"; Some villains also hook up with red masks, which is ironic. For example, Liu Jin of Famen Temple shows that she is pampered.

Black represents integrity, selflessness and honest and frank, such as Bao Zheng in Qin Xianglian.

Blue stands for being strong, brave and calculating, such as Dou Erdun in the cartoon.

Yellow indicates bravery, such as Yuwen Chengdou in Nanyang Pass.

Purple symbolizes integrity, majesty, steadiness and composure, like Zhuan Xu in Fishbone Sword.

Green means courage and violence, such as Cheng in the legendary horse.

Pink face symbolizes old age, such as Su Xian in Take Luoyang.

Gold and silver show various supernatural images, such as Erlang God in the Flat Peach Club. Some generals also use gold to show their bravery and invincibility, which is used to help increase the prestige of Facebook, such as the golden martial arts of pulling pulleys.