What are the general principles of road and bridge maintenance?

Road and bridge maintenance and repair of the contents of the road and bridge, including the usual in order to maintain the normal operation of the necessary small repairs, maintenance, should also include a certain life, road and bridge disease road to a certain extent to its overhaul, repair and so on. Daily minor repairs, maintenance, including the daily inspection of road and bridge, cleaning, maintenance, local repair of minor diseases, preventive maintenance, including steel bridges and cable-stayed bridges, rust, corrosion treatment, these jobs are put into use in the road and bridge on the day on the start, and with the termination of its lifespan and the end of the termination. Road repair refers to a certain service life, the accumulation of disease to a certain extent in order to restore their original function and do a series of work, mainly refers to the road pavement renovation, resurfacing, etc., and different road levels, pavement type of the design life is different, China's provisions of highways and highways, urban expressway and urban arterial roads when the use of asphalt concrete pavement design life is 15 years, highways and primary roads, urban expressways and urban trunk roads when the use of cement concrete pavement design life is 30 years, the general provisions of the pavement overhaul is necessary to reach the design life and disease to a certain extent to be carried out.

But the status quo is: on the one hand, due to the management of China's construction process is very chaotic, coupled with a variety of corruption, the construction quality is often less than the design requirements; on the other hand, China's management of the various industries are also chaotic, the norms and standards are not uniform, each going their own way, such as automobile manufacturers in a desperate attempt to increase the car's carrying capacity, a variety of super-tonnage of the loaded vehicles The emergence of endless, coupled with the car engine performance has improved substantially, often nuclear load 5 tons of most cars are loaded to more than 50 tons, far more than the design of the car load level, and now the design of the highest car load level is the highway - Ⅰ, City - A level, the use of higher load level on the one hand, the specification does not allow, and is not economical. Allowed, but also not economic. So the construction quality is poor, overloading phenomenon is serious and so on many reasons superimposed on the road and bridge are not up to the design life, of course, can not rule out that sometimes there is also unreasonable design and other factors, make the road repair period can not be implemented according to the provisions of the major and medium-sized.