What ministries were there in the ancient imperial court? For example, the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, what do these departments do?

The division of government agencies began in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

There were six departments in the Western Zhou Dynasty: Situ, Sima, Sikong, Sikou, Daxie and Zongbo. These six official positions represent six departments. People who hold these positions are generally doctors.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was a saying of "Nine Nobles", which was an honorific title for the heads of central departments. The monarch's family and state affairs are not divided, and political affairs are mixed together, which is an important feature of Jiupin nobles in Qin and Han Dynasties.

(1) Tai Chang (Feng Chang) is in charge of ancestral temple etiquette. Subordinates are Taishiling astronomical calendar, Taiyi doctor, and Dr. Zhang Jing;

(2) The bodyguard in charge of the palace gate is the doctor's palm, which is introduced and conveyed by the palm;

(3) Zhang Weiwei Palace guards;

(4) Servants are in charge of the emperor's chariots and horses, and are in charge of the national horse administration;

(5) Ting Wei is the highest judicial officer in China;

6. Pawn accepts minority affairs;

7 Zong Zheng is in charge of royal affairs;

⑧ Manage the history of millet, and be in charge of rent, money, salt, iron and national financial revenue and expenditure;

Pet-name ruby ShaoFu palm royal money, royal supplies and various court services.

In addition to Jiuqing, Jin Wu is in charge of public security in Beijing, and will be in charge of civil buildings such as palaces, ancestral temples and tombs, while Da Changqiu will announce the queen's will and manage palace affairs. Jiuqing and these three Qing are twelve Qing.

After Wei and Jin Dynasties, the system of Shangshu developed rapidly. The total number of Shangshutai has soared from seven in the Qin Dynasty to more than 60, making it the general organ of the central government to carry out government affairs. After that, each Cao in Shangshu gradually became a department, and it was determined to be six in Sui and Tang Dynasties. The Tang Dynasty was named after officials, households, rituals, soldiers, punishments and workers, and it has been used since the Qing Dynasty. Six departments are the main government departments after Sui and Tang Dynasties.

(1) The official department is in charge of the appointment, removal, assessment and commendation of civil servants nationwide;

(2) The Ministry is in charge of national household registration, land, taxation, money and grain, fiscal revenue and expenditure, etc. ;

(3) The Ministry of Rites is in charge of etiquette, sacrifice, imperial examinations, schools and other affairs;

(4) The Ministry of War is responsible for the selection of military attaché s and military and political management;

⑤ The Ministry of Punishment is in charge of national judicial administration;

⑥ The Ministry of Industry is in charge of various projects, craftsmen, reclamation, water conservancy and transportation.

Most of the functions and powers of Jiuqing in Qin and Han Dynasties were replaced by six ministries. Although the name Jiuqing still exists, its content has undergone great changes, and some are even completely different, such as:

(1) is often called Taichang Siqing;

(2) Guanglu Luxun is called Guanglu Siqing;

(3) Wei Wei called Wei Wei four clean-ups;

(4) Taipu is called Taipu Temple Minister;

⑤ Ting Wei called Dali Temple Minister;

6. Zong Zheng called Zong Zheng Si Qing;

⑦ Dahongyan is the secretary of Honghongyan Temple;

Today, Daxinong is called the secretary of Xinong Temple;

Pet-name ruby a teacher called a teacher Dian Qing.

There are only five temples in Qing Dynasty: Dali Temple, Taichang Temple, Guanglu Temple, Taibu Temple and Split Temple.

The temple established during the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty was the first institution in China to manage Buddhism, and its main leaders were Datong and Tong.

The Sui and Tang Dynasties began to set up five prisons. The five prisons in the Tang Dynasty were imperial academy, Shaofu, Jiangzuo, Qi Jun and Dushui.

① imperial academy is the institution in charge of school education;

(2) ShaoFuJian is in charge of the royal wealth, royal supplies and all kinds of court affairs;

(3) The chief supervisor is the office of civil construction institutions such as palaces, ancestral halls and tombs;

(four) military equipment supervision is responsible for the manufacture, storage and distribution of military equipment;

⑤ The water supervisor is the organization that manages canals, beams, dikes and weirs.

In the Qing Dynasty, only imperial academy was left in the five prisons, and the other four prisons were merged into the Ministry of Industry. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a new Qin Tianjian established a calendar in charge of astronomy. In addition, from Sui and Tang Dynasties to Qing Dynasty, Imperial Hospital and Zongren Hospital were established successively. The central administrative department in Qing Dynasty can be summarized as six departments, five temples, two prisons, two hospitals, one government and sixteen hospitals.