Classification of Chinese Martial Arts

The classification of martial arts, there are different methods, as early as in the era of the war back in the "Sima Law", there are "long soldiers", "short soldiers" division, well to the length of the weapon, to determine the requirements of its tactics: "long soldiers to defend, short soldiers to defend, and short troops to defend". Qi Jiguang in the "Jixingxinshu" in the introduction of the popular boxing at that time, there is a long fist "short fight"; the introduction of boxing skills are used to fight (Zhang Bojing's fight), kick (Li half a day of the leg), fall (dry fall Zhang's fall), take (eagle claw Wang's take) the concept of the four kinds of techniques. In the early Qing Dynasty, Huang Zongxian also proposed the concept of categorizing internal and external martial arts. In order to illustrate the characteristics of the southern and northern martial arts, there are also "southern fist, northern leg" of the injury proverb, but this is all inaccurate.

Wushu development to date, the content is extremely rich, the number of schools are too numerous to mention, the general public is accustomed to the Wudang school, Shaolin school, Emei school, taijiquan, eight Feng Palm, Xingyi Quan, Nanquan and so on. If you put aside these schools, according to the Chinese Academy of Wushu compiled by the "Light of Wushu" division, can be divided into three major categories:

The first category is the basic skills and basic movements, such as legs, waist, shoulder, Tsubaki Gong and a variety of single-position exercises, which are the basis of the sets of movement and confrontation, but also can be practiced individually for a long time.

The second category is set movement, which is the main content of the purpose of martial arts. Sets of movements are organized into sets according to certain rules and requirements. Set movement is divided into four parts:

1. Boxing: including the long fist, Nanquan, Xingyiquan, Bagua Palm, taijiquan, Bajiquan, through the arm boxing, chopping and hanging boxing, poking feet, turning the son of the fist, the Elephant Fist, the ground lying boxing and so on more than a hundred kinds of boxing. Modern Long Fist absorbs the essence of the factory Cha, Hua, gun, red and other long fist type of traditional boxing, the long fist type of Yu type, method, step type, footwork, legwork, balance, jumping and other basic movements standardized, in accordance with the method of long and lucky movement into a variety of routines, including the review of the popping and jumping, flashing and moving and undulating and turning, stretching generously, rigid and flexible, into the fast speed, fast-paced. Nanquan is circulating in the south of China around the general term of boxing. Nanquan boxing power strong and fierce, solid and solid footwork; to the elephant for the potential, to idle for the God; Lingshouqiao hard bow, steady and stable; hair strength and fierce, spit gas sound, mighty and majestic, momentum pounds of business. South Fist exercises, the body just strength thick. Far 'i drumming, and issued a "hip, drink, wow, na" and other sounds, help Wei, help potential, help power, help image, give a person a "call and drink is the wind and clouds change color, open fist is U1 Yue collapse" feeling. Dajiquan is a kind of boxing method developed by integrating classical philosophy into traditional learning. Dajiquan is characterized by meditation and moon will, with the intention of guiding the shape, breathing naturally, the movement of round and coherent, up and down with each other, a movement without immobility, a static there is no not static. When practicing Human Rights Boxing, it is required that the movements be as powerful as the Ting River. Everywhere around the body light, everywhere lively, step like a cat line, a feather can not be added. A fly can't fall, give yourself up from into the soft to control the hard.

2. Instruments: including short instruments, such as knives, swords, etc.; long instruments, such as sticks, guns, etc.; double instruments. Such as sticks, guns, etc.; double equipment, such as double knife, double sword, etc.; soft equipment, such as nine-section whip, three-section stick, etc.. Knife art is characterized by the courage and fast momentum into. Strong and powerful. When practicing single knife, one hand holds the knife, the other hand with JJ law changes to make a variety of stretching, opening and closing, wrapping action to help the knife. Single knife knife law mainly has: "chop, cut, tease, tie, hang, chop, stab, sweep, frame and wrist flower and back flower. Sword is a short double-edged weapon, known as "the king of a hundred blades". Swordsmanship is characterized by light, agile, sloppy, elegant, flexible and changeable, so there is a "sword as the flying wind", "sword like a swimming dragon" said. Sword method is mostly based on strike, stab, frame, wash, chop, cut, tease, jie, draw, belt, crash, point. Stick is a long weapon without edge, known as "the ancestor of all weapons". When practicing the stick, it is required that the arms are hot, the body and the stick are united, the force penetrates the tip of the stick, and the sound of the wind is thunderous. The so-called "root strikes large pieces" means that the baton is danced with courage and strength, and is fast and violent. Common stick techniques include chopping, whirling, poking, hanging, crashing, pointing, sweeping, penetrating, blocking, racking, smashing, cloud and so on. The gun is one of the four ancient weapons, known as the "king of all weapons". The gun law to tie the main, stop, take as a supplement, tie the gun to be flat and rapid, straight into the mountain. Force to the tip of the gun, so there is a "gun to tie a line" said. The gun law also has collapse, point, wear, because, Yao, dial and so on. Gun practice and use, unpredictable, God infinite, moving as if the thunder choked, potential as a dragon, the rhythm of clear and smooth, momentum pounds nitrogen.

3. sparring: including unarmed sparring, equipment sparring and unarmed and equipment sparring. Such as boxing, on the capture, single knife against the gun, empty-handed knife and so on.

4. Collective project: a variety of six or more than six people unarmed or armed collective exercises. Such as collective basic skills, collective sword, collective whip.

The third category is the confrontation program. Confrontation project is two people each other as opponents, according to certain rules, the use of martial arts in the attack and defense methods for combat sports. Such as loose hands, push hands, short arms, long arms and so on. From l 979, China began to carry out experimental loose hand competition, in 1989 officially included in the competition program. There are many schools of wushu, but if we take the big schools to divide them up, there are only big categories such as Shaolin, Wudang, Nanquan, Taijiquan, Bouncing Legs, Chaquan, Bafengtian, Emeiquan, etc. Some of these schools have mutual origins and origins. Some sects are of mutual origin, with all kinds of blood and interpenetration relationship.

Chinese martial arts can be divided into two categories according to its form of movement: set movement and combat movement. The set movement, is a technical action as material, to attack, defense, movement, static, speed, rigidity, flexibility, reality and other contradictory changes in the law of change of the movement of the whole set of practice form. According to the form of practice can be divided into single practice, practice and collective exercise three types. Single practice includes unarmed boxing and equipment. Sparring includes unarmed sparring, equipment sparring, unarmed and equipment sparring. Collective exercises: unarmed boxing, equipment or unarmed and equipment.