What is Qinqiang?

Qinqiang, also known as chaotic bomb, originated from the Western Qinqiang, popular in the northwest of China in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other places, but also because of its date wood clappers for the beat instrument, so it is also known as "clapper cavity", commonly known as "arengangzi" (because of clapper beat the beat when). (because of the "indistinct" sound made when the clappers are struck). In the late Ming Dynasty, the legend of "The Lotus in the Potter's Bowl" by Anonymous used the tune of "Western Qinqiang Two Offenders," so it is known to have originated in Gansu. The ancient name of Gansu was West Qin, hence the name. Qing Emperor Kangxi, Shaanxi Jingyang Zhang Dingwang wrote "Qin cavity theory", it can be seen that the Qin cavity at this time has developed into a mature period. In the Qianlong period, Wei Changsheng went to Beijing to perform Qinqiang, which was a sensation in the capital. It had a direct impact on the formation of the sound of the clappers around the world.

Qinqiang singing for the board changes in the body, divided into happy sound, bitter sound two kinds, the former is long in the performance of happy, joyful emotions; the latter is good at expressing sadness and anger, bleak emotions. Depending on the plot of the play and the characters need to choose to use. There are slow, two-six, generation boards, starting boards, sharp boards, rolling boards and floral accent, and the dragging accent is especially rich in characteristics. The main instrument is the Banhu, which has a fine and clear pronunciation.

The performance of Qinqiang is simple, rough, delicate and profound, moving people with emotions and rich in exaggeration. The performance is divided into four actors, six dancers, two purifiers and one clown, counting 13 doors, also known as the "Thirteen Heads of Nets", and the performance of singing and doing is very good. After the Xinhai Revolution, Xi'an set up the Eccentric Society, specializing in Qinqiang, keen to reform, absorbing the nourishment of Peking Opera and other types of drama, singing from the high-pitched and impassioned and tends to be softer and clearer, both to preserve the original style, but also to incorporate the new style.

Qinqiang due to its popularity in different areas, the derivation of different genres: popular in the eastern Guanzhong Weinan region of the Dali, Pucheng area called the East Road Qinqiang (i.e., with the state tied son, also known as the old Qinqiang, East Road, Bangkok); popular in the western Guanzhong Baoji region of Fengxiang, Qishan, Longxian, and Gansu Province Tianshui called the West Road Qinqiang (also known as the West House Qinqiang, the West Road, Bangkok); popular in Hanzhong region of the Yangxian, Chenggu, Hanzhong, and Shin County in the Hanzhong area (actually the South Road Qinqiang, also known as the Hanqiang Qinqiang and Arengang Opera); and in the Xi'an area (Xi'an Chaobao). The west road of Qinqiang entered Sichuan and became Bangzi; the east road became Jin Opera in Shanxi, Yu Opera in Henan, and Bangzi in Hebei, so Qinqiang can be regarded as the ancestor of Peking Opera, Yu Opera, Jin Opera, and Hebei Bangzi. The Qinqiang of each road due to the influence of local dialects and folk music, in the voice, singing, music, etc., are slightly different. In the past fifty years, the development of Qinqiang in the east, west and south has tended to stagnate, with a tendency to be replaced by Qinqiang in the middle.

The repertoire of Qinqiang, according to current statistics, is about three thousand, most of which are taken from the "State of the Union", "Three Kingdoms", "Yang Family Generals", "Saying Yue" and other heroic legends or tragic stories, but also myths, folk stories and various public drama. It has a rich repertoire of traditional plays, which has been copied and stored in 2748 books.

The excellent actors of Qinqiang, in addition to Wei Changsheng, a great artist who was famous in the north and south of China in the Qing Dynasty, there were also Wang Xiangyun, known as the four beauties of the Flower Department, Chen Hui Bi (Liangguan), and Shen Xianglin of Weinan School, Luan Xiaohui of Tongzhou School, Tao Zuo'er of Zhouzhi School, and Yue Sekizi of Changan School, etc. In the mid- and late-Guangxu period, there were Runrun, who had been a member of the Qinqiang School for many years. In the middle and late Guangxu period, there are Run Runzi, Yu Xi'er, Chen Yunong, Party Ganting, Zhao Jiemin, Li Yunting (hemp red), Liu Lijie (carpenter red), Wang Wenpeng and so on. Since the Xinhai Revolution, there have been famous clowns such as Ma Wenming, Su Zhemin and Su Yumin, Liu Zhenchang (known as Ouyang Yuqian), Wang Tianmin (known as Mei Lanfang of Northwest China), and Li Zhengmin (known as the "True Emperor of Qin Opera"). The Qinqiang authentic"), He Zhenzhong, Song Shanghua and so on. Famous net Tian De Nian and famous sushi He Jiayan, Geng Shanmin, Zhang Lockzhong, Liu Yuchong, Liu Yiping and so on. Especially the Qinqiang performing artists Chen Yunong, Wang Wenpeng, Dang Ganting, Li Zhengmin, Wang Tianmin, Liu Yuzhong, as well as the original "Three Ideas Society" of the editorial Li Yisheng, Su Zhemin, etc., in the singing, acting, make-up and styling, and so on, there are innovations.