Five characteristics of academic papers

The characteristic of academic papers is their essential attributes which are different from other applied styles. Understanding and mastering the characteristics of academic papers is not only the need of writing academic papers, but also an important basis for evaluating the level and value of academic papers.

1. scientific.

Scientific nature is the fundamental feature of academic papers and an important criterion for evaluating whether academic papers have publishing value. The scientific nature of academic papers is manifested in three aspects:

First, the scientific content of academic papers. The topic of the paper conforms to the reality, and the problems discussed conform to the development law of subjective and objective things; Express objective facts, and the content is true and accurate; Experimental data, research methods and conclusions should be faithful to facts and materials, and objective facts should be truly recorded. The paper can truly reveal the essence and development law of subjective and objective things, and truly reflect new discoveries, new theories, new technologies and new methods in scientific research.

Second, the scientific structure and expression of academic papers. The scientific structure requires that the structure, reasoning and wording of the paper should be rigorous. Scientific expression requires that the research methods of academic papers should be scientific, the arguments should be clear and objective, the arguments should be reliable and sufficient, the arguments should be logical, the expression should have the correct internal logical relationship, conform to the process of logical reasoning, and the theoretical system can stand scrutiny. The language should be accurate, clear and standardized.

Third, the repeatability of academic papers. The scientific nature of academic papers also shows that it should make an accurate and concise abstract summary of the research object and form a conclusion with universal significance, which is highly empirical. Therefore, the results of the paper should stand the test of practice, and other researchers can get the same results under the same conditions. The conclusion that can withstand repeated and practical tests is convincing and credible.

2. innovation.

Innovation has always been the basic driving force of historical progress and social development, and it is also the leading factor of international competition today. It is the soul of a nation and an inexhaustible motive force for the prosperity of a country and a region. Writing academic papers and conducting scientific research means constantly exploring new fields, discovering new problems, exploring new methods and putting forward new ideas. Therefore, innovation is the essential feature and core value of academic papers. Innovation is a human activity characterized by new thinking, discoveries, inventions and descriptions. Bernard, a scientist, once said: "Science is far more than a collection of many known facts, laws and theories, but the constant discovery of many new facts, laws and theories." Therefore, the innovation degree of academic papers should be relative to the existing knowledge and information.

The characteristics and attributes of things revealed in the paper and the conclusions drawn by applying these characteristics, attributes and laws must be the first, not the derivation of basic knowledge, nor the repetition or explanation of others' achievements. The innovation of academic papers is manifested in all aspects of research and writing, such as topic selection, material selection, conception, planning and layout. Innovating the experimental system, adopting new techniques or methods, making new discoveries and generating new experimental data; It demonstrates from a new angle and draws a new research conclusion. Theoretically, putting forward a new hypothesis, refuting an existing theory, or supplementing and perfecting an existing theory has made new progress than previous people. These innovations can provide important reference for future generations' research and have a great impetus to the development and application of science and technology.

3. Professionalism.

Academic papers should reflect the theoretical knowledge of related disciplines. No matter whether an academic paper is the research field of the author's discipline, interdisciplinary research field or the transplantation of theoretical methods from other disciplines, it is always closely related to some disciplines and their research methods. As an academic paper reflecting the process and achievements of scientific research, its content should reflect the frontier level of scientific and technological development, not the simple repetition of low level.

4. Normative.

The standard format is the embodiment of rigorous scholarship. As an important information and communication carrier to record the research process, publish scientific research results and communicate with peers, academic papers are strictly standardized in both content and form.

5. applicability.

Applicability is another important feature of evaluating the publication value of academic papers. The application of academic papers is mainly reflected in the theoretical solution to a theoretical problem in the professional field, which has certain academic value; Effectively solved some practical problems in the professional field.