What are the names of Miao costumes, houses and means of transportation?

1, Miao costumes are divided into children's wear, men's wear and women's wear. The color and decoration of Miao men's wear are monotonous, not as bright and rich as women's wear. Women's wear can be divided into casual wear and formal wear. Casual clothes are usually worn clothes, and the colors, patterns and decorations are not as bright as those worn at festivals and weddings. If silver ornaments are the representative symbols of Miao women, then costumes represent the unique works of art of Miao people. It is recorded in Ci Hai: "Those who represent the highest level in Miao Xiu are as famous as Xiang embroidery, Su embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery." Miao embroidery and costumes, as the famous artist Liu Haisu praised, "Miao women's embroidery is ingenious, and Xiang embroidery and Su embroidery are even more difficult to avoid customs, which has great commercial development and prospects. Miao costumes are famous for their dazzling colors, complex decorations and intriguing cultural connotations. Miao costume design bears the historical responsibility of inheriting national culture, so it has the expression function of text part. Because of the long history, the written function and the specific meaning conveyed by these patterns are also mysterious and cannot be fully interpreted, which is also the unique charm of Miao costume patterns. Miao costume pattern is a decorative art developed with Miao costume, and it is still used in daily clothes and daily necessities. It has the characteristics of combining practical and aesthetic functions, and has been endowed with rich connotations and meanings such as inheriting national traditions, commemorating ancestors and inheriting ancestral teachings. The meaning and origin behind these patterns represent the Miao people's perceptual experience and interpretation of the objective world. Miao costumes have a long history. Due to historical reasons, there is no historical record of Miao costumes. However, judging from the cultural connotation represented by the symbols of Miao costumes, Miao costumes have a history of thousands of years. Although Miao people don't have their own literature, with a strong sense of identity, they have passed down from generation to generation, and the stories handed down for thousands of years, the cities where their ancestors lived, and the routes of migration and drifting have been integrated into the clothing culture bit by bit, and they have also been embroidered on clothes and costumes, which will not be forgotten from generation to generation. Therefore, Miao costumes are called "history books without words" and "history books" worn on the body. Embroidered garment with protruding bottom is the most representative pattern in Bai-washed Miao costumes, which consists of the word "Ouqian" and the flash "Ouqian", namely "red embroidery" and "dark embroidered garment with black background" by Hanze. There is no embroidery on the back of the two pieces, and other patterns are the same as "Ou Qian Ge Ge Xi". However, the most varied clothing pattern is the "throwing force dial"-sleeve flower, which is mainly arranged in various geometric figures. Embroider various patterns on different geometric figures to form many "throwing disks" with different names-sleeve flowers. For example, "learn to whistle" means "silk sells red flowers" in Chinese; Tossing Silla's academic fate "means" little red snakeskin flower "in Chinese; Vomiting recovery "; Chinese means "chicken mushroom flower" throwing a knife ",translated into Chinese as" treetop flower "; Throw away the branches ",translated into Chinese as" fern flower "; Throw away nine ",translated into Chinese is" needle flower "; Its flowers are also called "throwing"; Translated into "popcorn"; Translate "Nine Songs of Throwing Acoustics" into "Sixteen Hook Silkworm Flowers"; Wandering around ",translated into Chinese is" little four red flowers "; Give up your position ",the Chinese translation of" Four Red Flowers "; The translation of "treasure throwing" into Chinese means "floating red flowers" and more than 40 kinds of clothing patterns. Characteristics of Miao costumes: Miao costumes are also called miao clothing, and there are more than 200 kinds of Miao costumes in Qiandongnan. It is the area with the largest variety and best preservation of Miao costumes in China and even the world, and is called "Miao Costume Museum". On the whole, Miao costumes keep the traditional techniques of weaving, embroidering, picking and dyeing in China. While using one main technique, they often use other techniques, either picking by embroidery, dyeing by embroidery, or combining weaving and embroidery, so that these flowers are colorful and show distinctive national artistic characteristics. From the content point of view, clothing patterns are mostly based on various life images in daily life, which plays an important role in expressing meaning, identifying nationalities, branches and languages. These video records are called "epic worn on the body" by experts and scholars. From the modeling point of view, China's traditional line drawing or approximate line drawing modeling technique with single line as the outline of the pattern is adopted. From the perspective of production techniques, the five forms of weaving, sewing, splicing and cutting in the history of costume development are all examples in Qiandongnan Miao costumes, with distinct historical levels, which can be called the exhibition hall of costume production history. From the color point of view, they are good at choosing all kinds of contrasting colors, and strive to pursue the richness of colors, generally red, black, white, yellow and blue. From the composition point of view, it does not emphasize the prominent theme, but only pays attention to the requirements of the overall sense of clothing. Formally, it can be divided into formal clothes and casual clothes. Dress-up is a kind of costume used for holiday etiquette and wedding. It is complex and gorgeous, which reflects the artistic level of Miao costumes. Casual clothes, the style is quieter and simpler than formal clothes, with less materials and less labor, suitable for daily wear. Besides formal and casual clothes, Miao costumes are different in age and region. The casual clothes of Miao men and women in Qiandongnan Prefecture are relatively simple. Men's jackets are generally divided into three categories: left-breasted jackets, double-breasted jackets and left-breasted gowns, of which double-breasted jackets are the most common. The bottoms are generally big-footed pants with wide legs. There are generally two kinds of women's casual tops: right-handed tops and t-neck cross tops on the chest, with various pleated pants and trousers on the bottom. 2. The houses of Miao people are basically the same. The main house is generally a three-bay building, and the richer people are five-bay buildings. The gate is concave between two pillars in the middle room. Inside the gate is a hall, which is separated into two rooms on the left and right. The small room on the right is the bedroom of the owner and his wife. There is a fire pond outside, and the room on the left is the children's house. The toilet, pigsty and cowshed are all on the side of the main house. Conditional families also set up leaning buildings on the left and right sides of the main house. People live above the mansion, a barn is installed below, and toilets and pigsty are installed. In southeastern Guizhou and Songtao areas, some landlords in the past also built large quadrangles surrounded by brick walls, commonly known as "houses of discovery". The doors and columns of the hall in the house are inlaid with gold-plated plaques, resplendent and magnificent. Building materials vary from place to place. There are more wood and better economic conditions in Miao nationality areas in southeastern Guizhou, so there are more wooden houses and tile houses, and less straw houses with earth walls. There are wooden houses, tile houses, straw houses and earth-walled houses in central and southern Guizhou, and straw houses and earth-walled houses are the most commonly used. In addition, there are still many Miao people living in "fork houses" in northwest, central south and northern Guizhou. There is no room, no furniture and furnishings in the house. Trees are used as beds, mats are used as mats, and grass piers are used as stools. They are the poorest of the Miao people. In recent years, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, life has improved, the number of thatched houses and forked houses in this area has gradually decreased, and many new brick houses have appeared. In Leigongshan, Wuchuan, Daozhen in southeastern Guizhou and parts of northern Guizhou, there is a special form of houses called "Diaojiaolou". Built on a slope, the foundation is cut into a "factory"-shaped soil platform, supported by long wooden columns under the soil platform, purlins and beams are installed according to the height of the soil platform, and leveled with the soil platform. The beam is covered with a floor as the front hall of the house, and pigsty or sundries are stored below. Above the front hall of the long column, it is connected with the main room on the stage through the square, which constitutes a part of the main room. The main room on the stage is divided into two floors: the first floor is occupied by people, and the upper floor is full of sundries. The roof is covered with tiles (or fir bark), and the walls are decorated with boards or masonry. This kind of house combines the upper and lower stages, which is very beautiful. 3. The first means of transportation for Miao people is walking, because there are many mountains. The second means of transportation for Miao people are horses and carriages. .

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