Yuan Shihai (1916-2002), a good actor on stage and a good person offstage

Yuan Shihai (1916--2002) was born in Beijing on February 11, 1916 (the ninth day of the first month of the lunar calendar). Born in Beijing on February 11, 1916 (the ninth day of the first month of the lunar calendar). 10:50 a.m. on December 11, 2002, with the "live Cao Cao" reputation of China's famous Peking Opera master Mr. Yuan Shihai due to cardiopulmonary failure resulting in brain death, died at the Fuxing Hospital in Beijing at the age of 86,...

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The Peking Opera] is the first Peking opera in China.

[Edit]Artistic Experience

At the age of eight, he studied under Xu Deyi, and then with Mr. Wu Yanheng. In 1927, he joined Fu Liancheng's class to learn opera, and his stage name was Yuan Shengzhong. At first, he studied the Lao Sheng, and later studied the Hua Face with Mr. Ye Fuhai, Mr. Qiu Guixian, Mr. Wang Lianping, and Mr. Sun Shengwen (Yuan Shihai's senior brother) before changing his name to the present day. During his eight years of study, he practiced diligently and studied the performing arts of his predecessors and celebrities with great skill and academic excellence.

Because he was smart and studious, he soon learned the roles of Ma Su in Losing the Street Tenting, Huang Gai and Cao Cao in The Meeting of the Heroes, and Liu Jin in The Temple of the Gate of the Law, which he performed with excellent results.

Yuan Shihai was released from the school in 1934, and first joined Mr. Shang Xiaoyun's Chungking Society, where he played supporting roles in "Nine Quarters of the Yellow River Formation" and "The Fall of the Jade Tiger," starring Mr. Shang, and toured Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Changsha, and other places.

In 1937, he collaborated with Li Shengzao, and successively rehearsed "Heroes and Plums", "Rouge and Powder", "Three Guanju", "Horse Jumping on Tanxi", "Getting Rid of the Three Pests", and so on, in which he performed in a number of plays in collaboration with Shengzao.

Yuan Shihai studied under Hao Shoushen in 1940 and became the main successor of Hao's school. In the ten years of his career, he performed more than 300 plays with such famous artists as Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Shang Xiaoyun, Xun Huisheng, Xu Biyun, Ma Lianliang, Tan Fuying, Gao Qingkui, Zhou Xinfang, Gai Zhaotian, Xi Xiaobo, Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai, Song Dezhu, Xin Yanqiu, Li Wanchun, and Li Shaochun. In the cooperative performances with artists of various schools, he absorbed the essence of each school and the strengths of all schools, which greatly enriched his own performing art. On the stage, he successfully portrayed various characters, especially more than ten plays starring him as Cao Cao, which won wide popularity among the audience, and formed a stylistic system of the Yuan School of performing arts.

He was a member of Li Shifang's Chenghua Society and Ma Lianliang's Fufeng Society, and worked with Li Shifang, Ma Lianliang and Li Shengzao for many years. He co-starred with Li Shifang in "Farewell My Concubine", with Li Shengzao in "Heroes of the Plum and Wine", and with Ma Lianliang in "The Four Scholars", which became famous dramas of the time.

After the establishment of New China, he and Li Shaochun ****built a theater troupe.

In the spring of 1950, Li Shaochun, Ye Shengzhang and others took the lead in restructuring the private troupe into the New China Experimental Peking Opera Troupe based on collective ownership. The troupe rehearsed new historical dramas such as "Harmony of the Generals", "The Wild Boar Forest", "Yunluoshan", "Tears of Blood and Vengeance", "Running to Liangshan at Night", "Tiger's Symbol Saves Zhao", and other large-scale repertoire with the atmosphere of the new era.

In 1951, the New China Experimental Peking Opera Troupe collectively joined the Experimental Peking Opera Troupe attached to the Chinese Academy of Opera, renamed the China Peking Opera Theatre in 1955, and Mr. Yuan Shihai successively served as the main actor, deputy director and vice president of the first and third troupes. Mr. Yuan collaborated with Li Shaochun in the performances of "The Legend of the Rattlesnake", "The Picking of the Robes at Baqiao", "The Battle of Weinan", "The Gift of the Coarse Robe", "The Red River", etc., and in the modern dramas of "The White Hairy Maiden", "The Snowy Plains of the Forest", "The President's Daughter", "The Red Sun of Keshan", etc. He also created and performed a series of plays based on the frame. At the same time, he also created and rehearsed large-scale plays such as "Black Whirlwind Li Kui", "The Mouth of the Nine Rivers", "Li Kui Visits His Mother", and "Ximen Bao", etc. He actively participated in the rehearsal of "The Tale of the Red Lanterns" in 1964, and his portrayal of Hatoyama was highly praised. He also participated in the filming of the opera art movie "Qunyinhui - Borrowing the East Wind", "Wild Boar Forest", as well as the modern theater movie "The Tale of the Red Lantern", "The Battle of the Plains", and the costume TV series "The Chivalrous Lady Removes the Violence".

Since then, Yuan Shihai has organized and performed traditional plays such as Stealing the Royal Horse and Discussing Heroes; he has cooperated with Li Shaochun in the rehearsals of Generals and Harmonies, Wild Boar Forest, and Legend of the Ringing Horses; he has cooperated with Li Wazeng in the rehearsals of Presenting the Coarse Robe and Getting Rid of the Three Harmful Things; he has cooperated with Li Jinquan in the rehearsals of Li Kui Visiting His Mother, and he has also starred in the rehearsals of The Black Spinning Wind, Peach Blossom Village, and The Passage of the Jiujiang River, which have been long performed and sensational dramas. These are all preserved plays that have been performed for a long time and have stirred up the theater world.

Mr. Yuan Shihai, for the sake of the development and prosperity of Peking Opera, has performed at the grass-roots level in industrial and mining areas, rural areas, military units, counties and other places all over the country, and has been greatly beloved by the people. His love of theater and dedication, rigorous life, diligent exercise, to overcome disease, always maintain a good physical and mental state, is still in the eighties and nineties in the "old steed in the stable, ambition in the thousand miles" ambition to perform on stage, become the Beijing Opera stage of the unique senior artists.

Mr. Yuan Shihai has been very concerned about and actively involved in the training of young performers for many years. Mr. Yuan Shihai has been very concerned about and actively involved in the training of young actors for many years. He went to all parts of the country to teach lectures, has more than twenty apprentices, dedication, responsibility, obligation, not to seek fame, selfless dedication. He was very fruitful. His students are not only of Beijing Opera, but also of local operas such as the Peking Opera, Han Opera, Jin Opera and Hebei Opera.

He actively participated in the rescue and inheritance of Peking Opera materials, high-quality completion of the "sound and image" and "Evening Shade Project" task, he as the adviser to the Art Steering Committee of the Academy, many times to call on the old artists and take the lead in the inheritance of the work of teaching art. As the advisor of the Art Steering Committee of the Academy, he called upon the veteran artists many times and actively took the lead to devote himself to the inheritance of art. He has enthusiastically taught the art of Peking Opera to college students and foreign students at various institutions of higher learning, popularizing the national culture.

Mr. Yuan Shihai loved the Party, the people and socialism, and pursued progress throughout his life. Since 1953 to submit the first application to join the party, until 1980 to formally join the Chinese **** production party, over a period of 27 years, unswerving; he for the implementation of the party's reform, open policy, despite his age, the first body to implement; he has many times will be the income from performances as a party fee to the party, reflecting a **** party members of the organization's deep feelings. He is upright, bright and open, do not remember the loss, seek truth from facts, widely praised by his peers; he is strict discipline, leniency, optimism, care for comrades, approachable, y respected by everyone.

Mr. Yuan Shihai practiced the ideals and vows of patriotism, love of the party and love of art with his own actions. He is an excellent member of the Chinese ****anufacturing party, a representative of advanced culture, a model of moral and artistic excellence, a successor to the past, the pride of the national art.

[Edit]Tenure

Mr. Yuan Shihai was a deputy to the Fourth National People's Congress and a member of the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth and Ninth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) during his lifetime. He was an honorary member of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, a director of the Chinese Dramatists Association, and a director of the China International Cultural Exchange Center.

[edit]Main Disciples

Du Jinfang, Feng Zhixiao, Zhang Xuejin, Yang Chunxia, Gao Mukun, Li Baochun, Yu Kuizhi, Diao Li, and other outstanding artists have been nurtured by him for many years. The disciples who played the frame flower face Yang Chi, Yang Guang, Fan Chengyu, Li Jialin, Wu Yuzhang, Liu Yonggui, Ma Yongan, Li Guangren, Luo Changde, Liu Wenguang, Su Shengyi, Shu Jianzhu, Shen Renovation, Liu Tuoyu, Liu Jinquan, Heiyongkuan, He Guodong, and so on.

[Edit Paragraph]Artistic Characteristics

Mr. Yuan Shihai's exceptional artistic talent and his comprehensive study and inheritance of the performance experience of the previous generation of artists, as well as his deep and solid traditional foundation, have laid the foundation for his artistic innovation and the establishment of a distinctive style of performance. The characters he portrayed on the stage were simple, bold and powerful, and he was able to convey the spirit with his feelings, which shook the hearts of the people. He is not only the voice broad and loud and rich in emotion, but also good at performing, with "frame flower face copper hammer singing" unique performance characteristics, greatly improving the frame flower face on stage means of performance, creating a frame flower face starring in large-scale plays, successfully portrayed Cao Cao, Lu Zhishen, Li Kui, Zhang Fei, Zhang Dingbian, Lian Po, Xiang Yu, Cao Cao, Lu Zhishen, Li Kui, Zhang Fei, Zhang Dingbian, Lian Po, Xiang Yu, Niu Gao, Dou Er Dun, and a large number of can be called the best and passed on to the world of art. In the masses have "live Cao Cao", "live Zhang Fei", "live Li Kui" and "live Lu Zhishen" reputation.

Yuan Shihai's voice is broad and thick, and he harmonizes his own unique deep-fried and mellow tones to make it sound strong and bright. His pronunciation is clear and precise. He is good at using the rhythmic [running board], [fast board] type of singing to express the character's rich inner changes.

Doing work is the first skill of the frame flower face. The so-called "work" includes not only the body work frame, but also the physical expression when portraying the character. Yuan Shihai has both. His body is stout, his movements are steady and practiced, his body is beautiful and generous, and he pays attention to the perfection of modeling. His characterization is meticulous, and in a seemingly ordinary scene, he is able to capture the inner activity of the character and reveal its character traits. For example, his performance of Li Kui viewing the scenery of Liang Shan Po in the play "The Black Whirlwind" is a one-man show, and there is no prominent dramatic contradiction. "But he tapped into the connotations of Li Kui's character, thoughts and feelings. From the colorful falling of peach blossoms and the diving and singing of fish and birds, he thought of Wu Yu's verses, which he wanted to recite but could not, and at the same time, he thought of someone sneering at Liang Shan for having no beautiful scenery, and immediately wanted to beat him up violently." (Weng Evenhong, "Talking about the Peking Opera Flower Face Genre") This performance imaginatively and vividly reveals Li Kui's character traits of purity and straightforwardness, and his clear-cut love and hatred.

[Edit Paragraph]Representative Plays

Representative Works: Stealing the Royal Horse, Discussing the Heroes, Generals and Harmonies, The Wild Boar Forest, The Legend of the Ringing Horses, Giving the Coarse Robe, Getting Rid of the Three Pests, Li Kui Visits His Mother, The Black Whirlwind, The Peach Blossom Village, The Mouth of the Nine Rivers, and so on

[Edit Paragraph]Awards

Winner of the Second Golden Record Awards Artist .

[Editor's note]Characters

Yuan Lao, when he entered the department, he studied Cao Cao. At that time, he was taught by word of mouth, and there was no script, so he had to learn to learn like a teacher; later, when there was a script, he had to learn to analyze the characters in order to bring to life Cao Cao, who was treacherous, powerful, doubtful, and swindling, and who was a master of literature and arms and had a good sense of political thinking. He was known as "Live Cao Cao".

In the 1960s, he played the role of Hatoyama in the modern opera "The Tale of Red Lanterns". Using traditional acting techniques, following the creative principle of starting from life, and drawing on the performance of drama, he successfully portrayed Hatoyama, an image that had never been seen before on the Peking Opera stage. He made an important contribution to the expression of modern life in the art of Peking Opera.

Thirty-eight years later, the original cast of this play actually revived the play, causing another sensation. According to the 86-year-old Mr. Yuan, this time, they also created a world's most: the original cast of the theater stage reenactment of the play across the most time. 38 years, the original cast and horses a not less, is indeed the world's most. The Guinness World's Best in Shanghai sent a certificate to the troupe, Mr. Yuan said wryly, I did not expect the old also created such a record, he put it in the living room in a conspicuous place, but according to the old man Yuan said, in the future to hand it over to the Chinese Peking Opera Theatre, he did not think that the old also can add color to the theater.

Although he is already 86 years old, Yuan Shihai insisted on living on his own, saying that his health is still good, and that if he is with his children, they always treat him as an old man, and take care of him too well, instead of feeling uncomfortable. Therefore it is better to live by yourself?

According to Yuan Lao said, a few years ago by the relevant departments of the special approval, he moved to this set of three-room, two-bedroom house, the original living room is not bad, only because there is no elevator, going up and down the stairs is not convenient. Now good, there is an elevator, when you want to go downstairs can be. At first the children in accordance with Yuan's wishes, the house simply decorated, Yuan said, the old man's living room, safe and simple on the good, there is a traditional cultural flavor, so that it is easier to live up to feel friendly and natural some of the too fashionable decorations, or to leave the young to enjoy it.

Every year in the Spring Festival, the children will give the old Yuan will take off the old Ah Fu, replaced by a pair of new, year after year, these traditional New Year's gifts, so that his room is full of festive energy all year.

80 birthday, the students came, sent the peach bonsai on the one hand, symbolizing Yuan's students all over the world, on the one hand, I wish Yuan a long and healthy life. On July 1 of this year, Yuan was also prepared to participate in the theater organized to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the founding of the party performance activities, Yuan said that the Beijing Opera in the "fight" is not good enough to sing a couple of lines of skill, although it is not to say that the same time, but also to meet the requirements of the audience.