McGregor turned traditional management methods into

Douglas McGregor is an American management scientist, a famous social psychologist and behavioral scientist. He is a professor at Harvard University, a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the dean of Antioch College. McGregor published the article "Human Nature of Enterprises" in issues 1957 and 1 1 of American Journal of Management Review. The article was improved and published as a book in 1960. He questioned the popular management views and views on human characteristics at that time, and published new views and put forward the famous "

The "X Theory -Y Theory" put forward by McGregor criticizes that the traditional management mode takes economic man as the premise of management, and the traditional management regards people as things, ignores people's spiritual needs and suppresses people's enthusiasm and creativity. His new theory found that human nature has a positive and progressive side. At that time, it generally followed the hypothesis of "economic man" and adopted the management mode of "carrot and stick". McGregor's development of this theory of human nature can be said to be an innovation in management theory and an important change in management field. The proposal of "X Theory -Y Theory" not only caused a sensation at that time, but also greatly promoted the theory and practice of modern management. The proposition of "X Theory-Y Theory" provides a direct theoretical basis or inspiration for the emergence and development of new management theories such as "Z Theory", "Super Y Theory" and "Complex Person Theory". At the same time, the discovery of the other side of human nature by "Y theory" embodies the humanistic management thought, promotes the transformation of management thought to humanism, and represents the development trend of management science. This is also in line with the "people-oriented" ruling and management concept advocated by China at present.

"X theory" looks at people from a static point of view, while "Y theory" looks at people from a dynamic point of view. McGregor believes that according to the "Y theory", leaders should explore the potential of employees and achieve "the integration of personal and organizational goals". In addition to meeting the material needs of employees, they also meet their spiritual needs. "Y theory" holds an optimistic and positive attitude towards human nature, emphasizes human initiative and self-control, and attaches importance to meeting people's advanced needs and realizing self-worth in work. Therefore, McGregor denied the view that it was difficult to unify personal goals and organizational goals in the previous hypothesis of human nature. He advocates the combination of personal goals and organizational goals. As long as an environment is provided for employees, they can be effectively unified. This is also a great contribution of McGregor's "Y theory".

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