Characteristics of traditional villages in the plain

Because of the big difference, it is divided into rural settlements and urban settlements. Rural settlements were formed in the first social division of labor, and the rural form can best reflect the local environmental conditions. Cities gradually evolved from the market in the second social division of labor. At that time, the innovation of agricultural production technology promoted the improvement of agricultural labor rate and provided a material basis for the origin of the city. Therefore, most of the first cities in the world were born on the alluvial plains in the middle and lower reaches of rivers with developed agriculture.

1.

Concept: The general name of various forms of human settlements, including both residential communities and living facilities and production facilities related to residence.

Classification: divided into two categories: rural and urban.

Formation: it is the product of human adaptation and utilization of nature, and also the crystallization of human culture.

④ Features: A. External forms and utilization types are branded with local geographical environment. B. reflect the level of regional economic development and local conditions and customs. C. it has an impact on the geographical environment and human economic activities.

From the perspective of settlement form, rural settlements in the world can be divided into two types: one is the gathering village where houses gather together, which is called Ji village for short; The other is scattered villages with scattered houses, referred to as scattered villages. In a village, according to the extension form of the village, it can be divided into groups, belts and rings. The plane shape of group settlement is close to circle or irregular polygon, and it is generally located in the center of agricultural area. Most settlements in plains and basins belong to this type. Ribbon settlements refer to those settlements that extend along rivers because they are close to water sources, or settlements that extend along highlands in order to avoid floods. Scattered villages are scattered. Isolated features, mostly distributed in mountainous and hilly areas. Houses in rural areas are scattered among three or five households or single-family households. The main reason is that the amount of cultivated land is small and scattered. Houses are scattered to build houses in order to be as close as possible to their cultivated land. The dispersion and concentration of rural residential areas are mainly affected by the following factors:

(1) is dominated by the natural environment. Generally speaking, the plain area is large and the settlements are concentrated; Small plain area, scattered settlements, sufficient water resources and concentrated settlements; Insufficient water supply, scattered settlements, superior climate and concentrated settlements; Bad weather and scattered settlements.

(2) Agricultural production mode. The radius of paddy field agriculture in southern China is small, so it is suitable to live near farmland, and it is most convenient to live in scattered areas, regardless of farming, fertilization, irrigation and harvesting.

(3) Traditional customs and cultural background. Families in northern China like to get together, which makes the clans prosperous and is conducive to security and defense. Usually, all villages in the village are named after the same surname, so settlements named after surnames abound in northern China, such as Zhaojiacun, Li Jiacun and Liujiatun.