Nineteen Ancient Poems

Nineteen Ancient Poems

I was born less than a hundred years ago, but I am always worried about a thousand years.

The days are short and the nights are long!

We should be happy in time, why not wait for the next day?

The fool loves to spend his money, but for the sake of the future generations he will not be able to do so.

The immortal Prince Qiao is not to be equaled.

Notes:

1. The first one is the "Candle", which is a long night of traveling.

2. Laizi, because the grass is born once a year, so the training of Zi for the year, which is the derivation of meaning. This is the derivation of the meaning of the word.

3, Fei: expense, refers to money.

4, snort: contemptuous laughter.

5, Prince Qiao, one of the famous immortals in ancient legends. The word "expect" refers to the fact that it is not common for people to expect to become immortal.

Translation:

A person who lives in the world is usually less than a hundred years old, but his heart is always remembering the sorrow of ten million years later, why is this bitter?

Since one is always complaining that the day is so short and the night is so long, why not take a candle and roam around joyfully day and night?

Life should be lived in a timely manner! Why wait for the next year?

Those who are not happy all day long, those who want to accumulate wealth for their children and grandchildren, are very foolish, and their descendants will only laugh at their ancestors for not being able to enjoy their happiness!

I'm afraid it's hard to wait for someone like Prince Qiao to become immortal!

Appreciation:

Doubts about the value of life often seem to be due to the bitterness of life. When you look at life in the midst of bitterness, many traditional concepts will come crashing down in the gaze of skepticism. This collection of poems, in the words of loose and open-mindedness, pours a bucket of cold water over the head of two types of seekers in the world.

The first is a jibe at the miserly fee-scroungers who are stingy in gathering wealth, and it occupies almost the entire poem. This kind of people, as the poem "Poetry Classic Tang Feng" Shan have hubs of a poem ridiculed: Zi have clothes, Fuhui Fuelou (wear wrapped); Zi have a car and horse, Fuhui Fuelou. Wan his death, others are pleasant only hard to accumulate wealth and goods, they do not know timely enjoyment. They are worried about nothing more than the livelihood of future generations. This in the poet's view, simply stupid and ridiculous: the birth of less than a hundred years, often worry about a thousand years of worry even if people can live for a hundred years, can only worry about a hundred years for their children and grandchildren, this is even a child understands common sense; not to mention may not live a hundred years, want to worry about a thousand years, it is really a fool's errand. The beginning of the pen, to a hundred years, a thousand years of ridiculous docking, revealing those who live a miserly fee-wasters ridiculous mood, really wonderful. The next two sentences are even more strange: the day is short and the night is long, why don't you swim with candles! The one who swims, letting go of his feelings to play also. The life of the day, as much as possible immersed in the play of love, has been sensationalized, but the poet is still suffering from the day is too short, but also whimsical, advise people to the night of the bed time, also used to have fun, really thanks to him to think out. The night is dark, I'm afraid of losing the pleasure. The poet has prepared a good plan: then simply hold a candle and swim! The idea of pleasure, expressed in such a naked and bold, this is not only in the Han Dynasty poetry, that is, in the entire history of ancient poetry, I am afraid to be counted as a shocking sound. As for those misers who diligently pursued the hidden gold, kiln and silver, they should be even more staggered to hear it. These are the opening four lines (Fang Dongshu's "Zhaomai Zhanyan"), which have been praised by later poetic commentators as being strange and whimsical, with a brilliant writing style. They are one against the other, contrasting the life-long worry with the human attitude of letting go of love and fun.

The poet seems to have expected that advocating such debauchery would be criticized by the world. It is not that they do not want to enjoy, but they often embrace the philosophy of the bitter and sweet, the limited enjoyment of life, postponed to the distant future. The poet categorically rejects this philosophy: if you want to enjoy yourself, you have to do it in time, and you can't always wait for the next year. The poem does not say why we cannot wait for the next year. However, another poem in the Nineteen Ancient Poetry Sonnets is a reminder of this: life is like a mail, life is not as solid as gold and stone, and no one knows whether there will be any shortcomings in the coming year, and one will suddenly become a dead man who will never wake up for a thousand years under the Yellow Springs (Nineteen Ancient Poetry Sonnets: Driving on the East Gate). At that time, it is already too late to think about enjoyment. This is the painful experience of life that is contained behind the poet's words of the world's timely happiness. From this point of view, those who spend all their days without joy, thinking only of saving up a few possessions for their children and grandchildren, appear to be particularly foolish. This is because their spending sparingly during their lifetime is nothing more than raising a group of idle children and grandchildren. When these ungrateful children and grandchildren squander their money, it is unlikely that they will be grateful to their ancestors for their good deeds. Perhaps they will, behind their backs, sneer at their ancestors for not being able to enjoy their blessings. Foolish people love to spend money, but for future generations to sneer at the second sentence, as Fang Tinggui said: straight to a cup of cold water, pouring money slaves of the back (Wenxuan jiqi). The irony of the rhetoric is that it does have the power to awaken the drunken dreams of the fools.

The whole poem is written to this point, and the brush is always aimed at the fee-savers. It is only at the end of the poem that it suddenly rewinds and reverses, pointing to another kind of pursuit in the world: those who admire immortality. For the envy of immortals, from Qin Shi Huang to Han Wu Di, they have done many foolish things. Even the commoners of the Han Dynasty enjoyed the legend of Prince Qiao, who was picked up by a mysterious Taoist priest on Songshan Mountain and finally became an immortal on a crane. In the Han music, thus left Prince Qiao, Sen driving a white deer roaming in the clouds. Downstream, Prince Qiao's eager call. However, at the end of the bitter Han Dynasty, this expectation of meeting an immortal was finally found to be just an empty dream (see "Nineteen Ancient Poems Driving on the East Gate": "I have taken food to seek for an immortal, but I have been mistaken by the medicine. It is better to drink fine wine and be served with dandy and vegetarian). Therefore, for those who are still dreaming of immortality, the poet does not need to spend much time on writing, but just takes advantage of the momentum of mocking those who are willing to spend money and closes the poem with a single blow: Immortal Prince Qiao, it is difficult to wait for the same period! This conclusion in the whole poem seems to escape the main idea, all of a sudden turn off to the immortal, but the poet's intention, in fact, is still in the wake of those who cherish the fee, that is, Zhu Yun "nineteen sayings of ancient poems" pointed out that: Xian can not be learned, the more you know that the cost of the fools are not a pity to carry on. Only a light blow, even if the immortal for the neck of the cool, but also echoed the meaning of the previous for the joy when the timely: closing is still open and skillful.

This is a word in the words of the unrestrained lyricism of the timely joy of the strange thoughts and feelings of the work, it seems that many people's life can be awakened dream; some researchers will therefore be this kind of poetry, as a symbol of the awakening of human nature in the Han Dynasty. But on second thought, often with a thousand years of worry about the cost of the person is certainly stupid; but to say that the value of life lies in the timely fulfillment of an indulgence of pleasure, I am afraid that may not be a kind of sober attitude towards life. In fact, this attitude is probably for the end of the Han Dynasty social unrest, the life of people in danger of the bitter life of the powerless protest. From no way out of the lower class, and is just from a lot of dreams (such as career, fame and fortune, etc.), after waking up, another dream they can not really be able to live on the clothes of playboys and vegetarians, why not swim in the candle of the enjoyment of life. Therefore, rather than expressing the awakening of human nature, this kind of poem is more like expressing the pain of having no way out of life with the thought of openness and wildness. As long as you look at the Jian'an era of the literati a little way out, this kind of timely and joyful chanting, and soon replaced by compassion for the people's suffering, timely and generous voice to build a career, you can understand this point.

The moon shines brightly on my bed.

The moon shines brightly on my bed.

I am not sure who to tell of my sorrows.

The first time I saw this, I was in my room, and the second time I was in my room, I was in my tears.

Note:

1.

2. Sleep: to fall asleep.

3. The first thing you need to do is to take a look at the clothes on your back.

4.

This is the first time that I have ever seen a man who has been in a hurry.

5, lead: stretching the neck, looking up and looking away.

6. clothes: a garment.

Appreciation:

How to depict the psychology of characters is often a problem that novelists are fascinated to explore. In fact, it is also crucial for poets. China's ancient lyric poetry, there is a very detailed and brilliant psychological description, this piece of "nineteen ancient poems, the bright moon is bright", which highlights this artistic feature.

The poem is written about the sorrow of the traveler, the poem portrays the image of a traveler who has been away from home for a long time, and who can't sleep at night because of his sadness. His nostalgia is caused by the bright moon. Deeper and quieter, the thousands of miles and **** the bright moon, the most easy to arouse the thoughts of the traveler. Xie Zhuang's "Moon Fugue" said: thousands of miles away from the *** bright moon. Li Bai's "Silent Night Thoughts" said: the light of the moon in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Raise your head to look at the bright moon, lower your head to think of your hometown. For the main character in this anonymous ancient poem, the same sentiment applies. The moon is so bright that it shines on my bed. When he begins to see the bright moon so bright, perhaps it is excited appreciation. The silvery light shines through the thin, translucent tent, illuminating the man who lies in bed. However, the night is already deep, he tossed and turned, not yet sleep. It was not the dazzling moonlight that disturbed his sleep, it was the sorrow that prevented him from sleeping. He could not sleep, so he simply took his clothes and got up, wandering indoors. Zhu Yun (朱筠) of the Qing Dynasty commented that the expression is in the word "wandering". ("Nineteen Ancient Poems") Indeed, the series of actions of the wanderer looking at the moon, losing sleep, taking his clothes, getting up, and wandering show that he has been awake for a long time, and he really can't sleep; at the same time, it shows that he has deep sorrow in his heart. Especially that up wandering mood, profoundly reveals the intensity of his inner pain.

The poem is written here, wrote a variety of symptoms of sadness can not sleep, but exactly why the sadness: although the guest line cloud music, not as early as the return. This is the key phrase of the whole poem, the finishing touch, pointing out the theme. Although these two lines are straight to the reason, but the words have a meaning, intriguing. The reason why I say that it is better to return home early, even though I am enjoying my trip, is because I am actually a guest in another country, so I don't have to enjoy myself. As the song "Xiangru Song: Drinking Horses from the Great Wall Grottoes" says, "The withered mulberry knows the wind in the sky, and the seawater knows the cold in the sky. When you enter the door, you will be flattered, and no one will say anything to you. However, the desire of the travelers to return to a foreign land is closely related to the objective reality in which they live. The author of this poem was probably an unknown scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In his time, he often traveled to the capital to seek fame and fortune, but his career path was stagnant, and it was difficult for him to enter the capital. These two lines of the poem is portraying his want to return but can not return to the inexorable mood, is very true. Chen Joming of the Qing Dynasty said well: "What joy is there in traveling? Therefore, those who talk about happiness say that it is not as good as returning even though they are happy, not to mention that they are not happy at all! ("Cai Beans Hall Ancient Poetry Selection") Zhu Yun also said: the guest in the bitterness and happiness thought all over the bitter and not to mention, although the cloud music is also a guest, not as early as the return of the fun ("Ancient Poetry 19 said") they are out of the bleak flavor of the. After the author points out the situation of not being able to return, the following four lines are like the opening four lines, through the action of the main character to further express the deepest pain of his soul. It is written in the front that he wandered with his clothes, still walking indoors, but he felt that he still could not get rid of the boredom in his heart, so he went out of the outdoor. However, when he was out of the house and wandering in the middle of the night, he was wandering alone under the moon like a sleepwalker, and a sense of loneliness came over him. To whom should I tell my sorrows? It is this alone, this wandering specific feelings. Ancient music "sad song" cloud: sad song can be when weeping, looking away can be when returning. So the poet can not help but to thousands of miles away from his hometown, Yunshu lead to look, but it is impossible to get the effect can be when the homecoming, but instead caused a greater disappointment. He really can not stand this emotional torture, he went back to the interior. From out of the house to enter the room, this one out and one in, to the heart of the traveler to the top of the sorrow of the tumultuous, so that no longer can not help tears stained clothes.

The whole poem *** ten lines, in addition to the two lines of the guest line, the description is extremely specific action, and these actions are one after another, is a layer deep like a layer, detailed portrayal of the traveler's desire to return to the state of mind, the technique is very clever. Zhang Geng of the Qing Dynasty analyzed the psychological development of the protagonist of the poem, said: because of sadness and sleeplessness, because of sleeplessness and rise, because of rise and wandering, because of wandering and out of the house, both out of the house and wandering, because of wandering and still into the room, ten lines in the level of the well, and a section of a section of a section of the tight, straight to the potential of a thousand twists and turns, I will never tire of reading.

A short lyric poem, to be able to meticulously express such rich and complex psychological activities, which is rare in our country's ancient poetry. There is a great Russian writer, Turgenev, who is good at psychological description, but most of his psychological description is some description of the character's psychology, which sometimes makes people feel dull and bored. This ancient poem, however, does not have this problem, it is expressed through the self-conscious activities of the characters, through the actions induced by the consciousness, and has the image shape of literature. And moreover, the character's psychology and feelings are kneaded together, rich in the qualities of lyric poetry, this artistic experience is worth noting.

The moon is shining brightly at night, and the weavers are singing on the east wall.

The white dew stains the weeds.

The cicadas are singing among the trees, and the birds are dying.

I was once a friend of mine, and I lifted up my quill.

The first time I saw you, I was a friend of mine, and I was a friend of mine.

The south key, the north bucket, and the oxen are not burdened with a yoke.

The name of the man is not a name, but a name that is not a name.

Notes:

1, promote weaving: crickets.

2, Jade Balance: refers to the fifth to the seventh star in the Big Dipper. The seven stars of the Big Dipper are shaped like a bucket of wine: the first to the fourth stars are in the shape of a spoon, called the bucket of Kuai; the fifth to the seventh stars are in a straight line, called the handle of the bucket. As the earth rotates around the sun, the Big Dipper changes its orientation every month when viewed from the ground. Ancient people recognized the shift of the seasons according to the change of orientation of the Doosan. Mengdong: the first month of winter. This sentence is to say that by the orientation pointed out by Yu Heng, we know that the season has reached Meng Dong (the seventh month of the summer calendar).

3, Calendar: clear appearance. One said, Calendar, ranks and columns.

4, easy: change.

5, Xuanbiao: swallow. The first is that the swallow is a migratory bird, and in the spring, the swallow is a migratory bird. Swallows are migratory birds that come north in the spring and fly south in the fall. This sentence is to say that it is cooler, and the swallows are going to fly to what place?

6. Tongmenyou: fellow students, classmates.

7, quill (合): the feather stem of the bird. It is said that a bird that flies well has six strong quills. This sentence is a bird's wings to fly to compare with the flying of the same friends.

8, abandon me sentence is to say, like pedestrians abandoned footprints abandoned me.

9, Nanji: star name, shaped like a dustpan. Beidou: the name of the star, shaped like a bucket (wine dispenser).

10, Altair: Altair. Yoke: the yoke before the yoke, oxen pulling the car is negative yoke. Not yoke is not pulling the car. These two sentences are the use of the South Kei, the North Dipper, Altair and other stars and constellations have a false name but no practicality, compared to the friends have a false name but no practicality.

11.

Appreciation:

The poem's opening bright moon bright night light, urge the weaving of the east wall, the reader can feel the poet at this moment is drenched in a school of moonlight. This is the bright moonlight, the crickets murmur, woven into an incomparably clear cut melody of the night. Then look at the night sky, the Big Dipper turned horizontally, that by the Yu Heng (the fifth star of the Big Dipper), Kai Yang, rocking the three stars of the handle (ladle), is pointing to the twelve heavenly directions in the Meng Dong, the twinkling stars, such as inlaid with the canopy of the pearl, the night sky reflects a bright. Everything seems to be very beautiful, including the poet strolling in the moonlight. But what hour is it at this moment: Yu Heng refers to Meng Dong. According to Mr. Jin Kemu, Mengdong here refers not to the early winter season (because the following text says that there are still autumn cicadas), but to a moment in the second half of mid-autumn. The second half of the night in mid-autumn is so deep in the middle of the night, but the poet is still walking alone under the moon, it is indeed a bit unusual. If it is not in the chest with the sorrow that does not go around, stirring up people's minds and hearts, who would not be in such a moment of sleeplessness for a long time. Understand this layer, people will know, the poet's state of mind at this moment is not only not good, but also some bleak. From the flavor of the above four lines, the realm immediately changed not only the bright moonlight, seems to have become a few minutes of cold, that is, from the East Bik under the crickets chirping, listen to extra to the mournful. From the beautiful night scene, the sadness of the guest in the lyrics, the beautiful will become bleak, this is the art of contrast effect.

The poet was silent, just wandering in the moonlight. As he stepped over the grassy path, he suddenly realized something: white dew staining the weeds. The hazy grass leaves, actually has been stained with crystal dew, that is the sign of autumn has been deep the poet seems to be flat until this moment to feel that the deep autumn has been in the unknowingly come. How fast the flow of time! And from that leafy tree shadow, and there are intermittent chilly cicadas of the flow of song. No wonder the swallows (Xuanbird) have disappeared, so it is already the time of the return of the geese in the fall. Autumn cicadas chirping among the trees, and the birds passing away? Meaning: Where will these swallows fly to? This is the poet's sigh of frustration under the moon. This question seems to be addressed only to the birds, but in fact, it is the poet's frustrated self-question full of disappointment. From the following, it can be seen that the poet's travels to the capital have been through several summers and winters. And now the grass dew cicadas singing, after another fall, they evoke in the poet's heart, it is displaced in the melancholy and pathos. The above eight lines from the description of the autumn night scene into the pen, lyric poet wandering under the moon feelings of grief. Adapted to the silence of the autumn night and the poet's frustration, disillusioned feeling, the strokes run gently, the color is also a seepage of white; there is no big sound, only crickets, autumn cicadas chirping in the occasional, the poet that the sound of the long sigh. When the poet touches his own pain, the emotion will not rabbit indignation. Poet stagnant guest, in such a night half anxious sleepless, that is because he once hoped, looking forward to, and now this hope and expectation all broken. I used to be a friend of the same family, high lifting vibration six quill, in the poet to seek eunuchs Beijing in the wasted years, and he traveled hand in hand with his friends of the same family, the first to lift the wings to fly high, reach the green clouds. In the beginning, this is like a brilliant sunshine, the poet's road ahead shines colorful and slow. He believed that his friend would come down from the green clouds and give himself a hand; one day, he would be able to fly with his friend and invite him to swim in the blue sky. But the fact is far from the poet's expectations, the former friends of the same school, but now become a stranger who do not recognize each other. He was even in the time of the green step, as if he was walking footsteps, leaving behind and disdain. Do not miss the good hand in hand, abandon me like a relic, this slight inadvertent use of the metaphor, not only into the wood of the portrait of a friend of the same school a broad face of the despicable attitude, but also expresses the poet that do not know the world's cruelty of the surprise, grief and indignation and unfairness. The main idea of the whole poem is revealed here, the poet wandering under the moonlight is such a downtrodden person who has been cheated and abandoned by his fellow friends. Behind him, the moonlight imprints a quiet figure; while in the sky above his head, there is still a pearl-like twinkling of the stars. When the poet looks up at the starry sky with the residual anger of abandonment, he catches a glimpse of the constellations named Minxing, Douxing and Altair. Just as the Xiaoya Daidong says, "There is a Min in the south of the city, but it cannot be turned upside down; there is a Dou in the north of the city, but it cannot be used for pouring wine, and there is an Altair in the north of the city, but it cannot be used for serving the box (car). They can not be upturned, pouring and pulling carts, but also to take such a name, is really a great joke. Poet suddenly born a nameless resentment, pointing to these futile constellations loudly reproach up: South Kei North has a bucket, the Altair is not responsible for the stranglehold! Suddenly accusing the stars in the vast sky, as if too strange, in fact, not strange at all. Poet's heart really has too much bitterness, this bitterness has nowhere to vent, not to take these stars in vain is asked, no one has asked. However, the stars do not speak, just winking wryly, they seem to be in ridicule: what about yourself? Do not also bear the false name of friends of the same door, finally abandoned by friends of the same door? If you don't have a good reputation, what good will it do you? Thinking of how the friends swore and claimed that the friendship of the same family was as solid as a disk of stone; now the false name of the same family still exists, and the friendship of the disk of stone does not exist. The poet finally looked up to the sky and sighed, ending the poem with a feeling of grief and indignation. This sigh and sense of irrigation, contains the poet that was cool world deception, fooled by the incomparable pain and sadness.

To express such pain and sorrow, it would have taken only a few words to say it all. This poem is written from the autumn night scene, at first seems to have nothing to do with the purpose of the words, in fact, are connected to the emotional veins of the latter: the moonlight covers the sadness, for the whole poem put on a bleak undertone; urge the weaving of the east wall, to the silence added a few more mournful sounds; Yu Heng refers to the Meng pointing to the half of the night time sleepless hours, the stars of the dark ambush Kei, Doo, and Altair's thoughts; and then from the grass and dew, the cicadas, to draw out the sense of the flow of time, touched the pain of abandonment; see the time to the end, and then the stars, and then the stars of the dark ambush Kei, Doo, and Altair's thoughts; then from the grass and dew, cicadas, and lead to the sense of time, touching the same door Then from the grass dew, cicadas chirping, the feeling of the passage of time is induced, touching the pain of the abandonment of fellow disciples; seeing to the point that the indignation is extreme and straight down, difficult to control, the wonderful thing is that the stars are all over the sky, and borrowing the name of Kei, Doo, and Altair, then patting it together, it will be a sudden sensation of the waves of the ups and downs (Zhang Yugu, "The Appreciation of Ancient Poetry"). This is the "bright moon bright night light" on the writing of the scene on the beauty of anger, that sigh, indignation, pain and sorrow, always intertwined in a starlight, moonlight, snail bees, cicadas chirping.

We are more than ten thousand miles away from each other, each at the end of the world.

The road is long and blocked.

The hunter's horse leans on the north wind, and the bird nests in the south branch.

The day is far away, the day is slow.

The clouds are covering the sun, and the travelers do not care to return.

The thought of the king makes me old, and the years are already late.

The first thing I want to do is to give up my life and try to eat more.

Note:

1.

2. Separation: to be separated alive.

3. 天一涯: one side of the sky. The meaning is that the two people are on one side of the sky, so far away from each other that they can not see each other.

4, blocked and long: difficult and far away.

5. Hu Ma is still attached to the north wind after coming from the south, and the birds are still nesting in the south branch of the tree after flying north. The meaning is that birds and animals are still attached to their homeland, let alone people. Hu Ma refers to the horses in the north, and in ancient times, the northern minorities were called Hu. Yue bird, refers to the southern birds, Yue refers to the southern Baiyue. These two sentences are the thinking woman said to the wanderer, meaning that people should have the feeling of love for their homeland.

6, the day has been far away from each other, the clothes have been slow: the more far away from each other, the more loose clothes. It means that people have lost weight due to lovesickness. The meaning is that people are losing weight because of their longing for each other. Slow: loose.

7. Floating clouds obscuring the white sun: this is a metaphor, roughly the floating clouds as a metaphor for evil, and the white sun as a metaphor for positive. Imagine the wanderer outside being confused. Shelter : cover

8, regardless of the opposite: do not think about going home. I am not thinking of going back home. The first is to go back to the house.

9. Thinking of you makes me old: thinking of you makes me much older. The old, refers to the old state, the old phase.

10, years and months have been late: a year will be over abruptly, the age is getting older and older, but also to wait for what time it is! The years have been late, referring to the fall and winter when there are no more years.

11, abandoned donations do not repeat the road: what are set aside do not have to say again. The first is to give up on the idea that the world is not a place where people can be happy.

12, efforts to add meals: there are two sayings. One said that this is to say to the traveler, I hope he is out of the effort to add meals, take care. Another said that the words are thinking of the woman masturbation, I still try to add meals, take good care of the body, perhaps in the future there is still a chance to see each other.

Translation:

You go ah go ah always keep going,

so live apart from you and me.

From then on, you and I are separated by millions of miles,

I am at this end of the sky and you are at that end of the sky.

The road is so dangerous and far away,

but when will we meet?

The north horse is still attached to the north wind,

The south bird is still nesting in the south branch.

The longer we are apart from each other,

the wider and wider our clothes become,

and the thinner and thinner we become.

The clouds are covering the sun,

and the people from other countries don't want to go back to their hometowns.

Just because I want you to make me old,

Another year has come to an end very quickly.

There are still many words in my heart that I don't want to say,

I just hope you take care of yourself and don't suffer from hunger and cold.

Appreciation:

A woman misses her husband who is far away from home. She laments the pain of parting, the distance between them and the difficulty of meeting, contrasting her own deep-rooted longing with her husband's never-returning, but she is still self-compassionate, wishing that the man who has traveled far will take care of himself.

The poem can be divided into two parts: the first six lines are the first part, and the last ten lines are the second part.

In the first part, the first farewell is recounted, focusing on the difficulty of meeting each other over a long distance. The first two lines are the outline of the poem, which summarizes the following.

The second part of the poem focuses on the pain of the woman's longing. The second part of the poem focuses on the pain of the woman's longing. The two lines of Hu Ma and Yue Bird say that birds and beasts still know how to cling to their hometowns, not to mention people. The comparison between birds and animals and people is a good way to gauge the psychology of the traveler. As time flies, the traveler goes farther and farther away, the feeling of longing of the thinking woman is also getting deeper and deeper. The image of the day has slowed down reveals this mood of the thinking woman. Her growing thinness and aging contrasts with her son's disregard for her. The floating clouds cover the sun, and the wandering son does not care about the opposite, is from the bad side of the suspicion that the wandering son is not lucky, but do not want to say it directly, but euphemistically through the metaphor to express the idea in the heart. The last two sentences are forced relief, in fact, this mood is very difficult to abandon do not Road, the heart is not good, the meal is also very difficult to add. The pain of lovesickness is originally an abstract psychological state, but the author through the Hu Ma, Yue bird, floating clouds, white sun and other apt metaphor, with slow, old people and other detailed description, the pain of the mood portrayed vividly and specific, the most vivid.

Ancient poetry is a form of poetry relative to modern poetry. Generally speaking, the poems after the Tang Dynasty are called modern poems or proximate poems, while the non-rhythmic poems are called ancient poems or archaic poems. The Nineteen Ancient Poems is a collection of poems written in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, mostly by literati imitating the works of the Lefu (乐府). The author of the ancient poems collected here is anonymous. However, its artistic achievement is very outstanding, it is long in lyricism, good at using the technique of comparison, so that the poetic meaning is implicit and meaningful. It generally represented the artistic achievement of ancient poems at that time. Lines and Rows is the first of the Nineteen Ancient Poems. It is a poem of thinking of her husband. It expresses a woman's deep longing for her husband who has traveled far away. It is a song of lovesickness and disarray in the turbulent years of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Although the name of the author was lost in the process of circulation, but the love is true, the scene is true, the matter is true, the meaning is true (Chen Dai "Poetry Genealogy"), reading it makes people feel sad for no reason, and repeatedly low, for the heroine sincere and painful call for love moved.

The first line is five words, with four lines stacked on top of each other, ending with only one heavy word. The word "line" means far away, and the word "heavy line" means extremely far away, which also has the meaning of long time, turning into a layer, which not only refers to space, but also refers to time. As a result, the repetitive tone, slow rhythm, and tired pace give people a heavy sense of depression, and the atmosphere of pain and sadness immediately covers the whole poem. Separated from the gentleman, this is a thinking woman to send gentleman Nanpu, hurt as the memories, but also the feelings of longing can no longer be suppressed to send out a straightforward cry.

A farewell to the king, the news is lost: more than 10,000 miles away from each other. Separated by ten thousand miles, the wife to the end of the world for the gentleman's travels; traveler ten thousand miles away from home to the hometown and the wife for the end of the world, the so-called each in the end of the world also. The road is blocked and long from the previous sentence, blocked by the end of the world, refers to the bumpy and winding road; long by more than 10,000 miles, refers to the road is far away, the mountains are far away. Therefore, the meeting can be known! At that time, there were frequent wars, social unrest, coupled with the inconvenience of transportation, life is as good as death, of course, there is no time to see each other.

However, the longer the parting, the harder the meeting, and the more intense the longing. The poet in the extreme longing in the development of a rich association, all things have the nature of attachment to the countryside: Hu horse according to the north wind, the more birds nesting in the south branch. If the birds and animals are like this, how can we not mention the human beings? These two lines use the technique of simile, sudden, the effect is far more than directly more intense and touching. On the surface of the metaphor of a gentleman traveling far away, to illustrate that things still have feelings, people do not have thoughts of the truth, and at the same time both implicitly thinking of the wife of a gentleman traveling far away from the deep love and passionate lovesickness Hu horse neighing in the north wind, the more birds in the southern branches of the nest, the traveler ah, you do not come back ah! The days have been far away from each other, the clothes have been slow, since the goodbye, my face emaciated, head like a flying puff, since the goodbye, I'm getting thinner and thinner, the clothes loose, the wanderer, ah, you still do not come back ah! It is this silent call on the soul that has crossed thousands of years and won people's sympathy for the ages and deep sighs of regret.

If you pay a little attention, so far, the poem has appeared twice to go. The first time and more than 10,000 miles combination, refers to the distance between the two places; the second time and the day has been far combination, refers to the couple separated for a long time. The second time, combined with the day has been far away, refers to the long time the husband and wife have been separated. Or is it because the woman in the other country is confused? Just as the floating clouds cover the sun, so that the clear heart is covered with a cloud? The floating clouds cover the sun, and the wanderer does not care about the opposite, which makes the heroine suddenly fall into deep pain and uncertainty. The poet through the thoughts caused by the suspicion of the psychological reflection, the thinking woman's feelings of love is more and more obvious bone, more and more obvious deep, implicit, meaning endless.

Guessing, doubting, of course, no results; extreme lovesickness, can only make the description of the dead. The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, and the second time I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley. The first is that the first time I saw a man, I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night. Evening, refers to the pedestrian has not returned, the years have been late, indicating that the spring and autumn suddenly metabolism, love another year, a metaphor for the heroine's youth is easy to pass, sitting worried about the old red face of the feeling of twilight.

It's useless to sit and think about each other. Instead of emaciation and abandonment, it is better to work hard to eat more, take care of the body, and keep the youthful appearance, to wait for the next day to meet. So far, the poet to look forward to and chat to comfort the tone, the end of her lovesickness disorganized singing.

The simple and fresh folk song style of the poem, the internal rhythm of the overlap and repetition of the form, the same lovesickness separation with or show, or allegory, or straight, or song, or the method of object than the Xing layer by layer in-depth, as if the showman to a friend to say the simple and beautiful language, it is the eternal artistic charm of the poem is located. The first narrative of the first parting feelings, the second narrative of the road will be difficult to recount the pain of lovesickness, and then the end of the end to relieve the expectations of the end. The poem ends with a conclusion of relief and anticipation. The combination of odd and positive is a wonderful change. The artistic style of not forced and not exposed, the meaning of the sentence is far away, showing the psychological characteristics of the Oriental women's passionate love of love.