Antiques and curiosities folk collection of general knowledge

1. The difference between cultural relics and antiques

The "antiques" and "cultural relics" is not undifferentiated.

Take our antique business, call you antique merchants, antique operators and even antique dealers have nothing to do. If you call you a dealer in cultural relics, trade in cultural relics, I'm afraid you will immediately hairs stand up, cold sweat, all uncomfortable.

Why? Because the word "cultural relics" is too sensitive. A large China only those officials and businessmen, legitimate dumping of cultural relics only dare to business cards on the hall and the printed "xx cultural relics store manager" and so on the title.

The difference between antiques and cultural relics is actually ancient. Folk collection of elegant play aside, take the collection of the Palace Court, there would have been a clear distinction between the two.

The emperor and consort of their favorite bones and paintings and so on should naturally belong to the category of antiques we say today, and the royal history of Sheng archived historical records, evidence of relics is naturally what we now say the cultural relics. The palace is so, folk is also so.

Another example: even monks, can not help but have a collection of desire to play. Buddhist Zen temples, monks and abbots collected many of their own jewelry, artifacts naturally belong to the antiques and so on; and other - the scriptures and books and not to mention - that the five ancestors privately passed to Huike's mantle, the legend of the Buddha left behind the relics of the Buddha's teeth and so on may be used as a curio! Can they be used as antiques? Some people in the folk shrine enshrined in the ancestral relics, especially those with special significance, or instructions, or enlightenment, or commemoration of these kinds of things, are not to be blasphemed "enjoyment".

These relics of special significance, naturally, are the royal family, religion, family treasured "cultural relics". It is not difficult to see that the so-called antiques, first of all valued its ornamental, highlighting a "play" word.

As antiques, antiques, (bone, ancient synonymous) its value also lies in an "ancient" word, that is, with a certain amount of time to sharpen and collect value. As for the "Dong" word, in fact, is "understand", collectors, players need a certain ability to recognize and appreciate, or see in the play to get, improve their ability to appreciate, only more interesting.

But then again. Although we believe that there is a difference between antiques and cultural relics, that is, the former is heavy in the word "play", the latter in the word "history", but their **** is an "ancient" word.

Therefore, the division between the two is vague and overlapping. Like two interlocking and overlapping rings.

That is, a part of the antique or cultural relics in the dual nature of enjoyment and historical evidence. For example, to distinguish between three different parts: one is the history of a celebrity's ink (probably not a calligrapher), or he wore an old bucket hat, etc., its appreciation or art or craft value is extremely low, then this relic is difficult to call what is a curio.

Even if you collect them, they are not important to their appreciation of the value, but only their historical significance, historical value. This is something that should belong to the category of cultural relics, whether it is collected in a museum or a personal home.

Secondly, the history of a large number of popular, produced artifacts, or ceramics, or jewelry, or utensils, its individual does not represent the entire history or has a special historical value, but also is not proof of the experience of a historical figure's life, and not on behalf of the history of the arts, crafts, science and technology of the typical achievements. For example, the porcelain bowl used to worship ancestors in the ancestral hall of the rich man's house in Linchun, and the smoking gun used by the second grandmother next door when she was young.

Trivial, although not surprising but also warm and elegant, these obviously difficult to get involved with the heritage on what the melons and tendrils. The most difficult to define should be the overlap of those rings, with a dual nature (the law of cultural relics has long been clearly defined on these).

Those who have both a strong historical significance, but also has an extraordinary artistic play function - Gu Kaizhi's paintings, Wang Xizhi's words, Gu Yuexuan, Xuande furnace, the Yi and Zhou tripods, the Qin Seal Han Tablet ...... is more obsessive, crazy, loving, sad! Confused, may wish to use such a statement as the conclusion of this piece of nonsense: Han General Ma Yan monument for the uncompromising cultural relics, and its topography, can be called a curio?

2. How to identify antiques

The identification of antiques currently has several methods: ① to find today's society is more famous some professionals for artificial detection, such as Cai Guosheng, Shan Guoqiang, Zhang Shufen and so on, these experts are national researchers of the Palace Museum in Beijing, for the identification of antiques and curiosities issued by the identification certificate are socially acceptable.

② find testing instruments for testing. Now there are a lot of machines can be antique year, composition, etc. detected, so as to achieve the role of identification of antiques.

Such as X-6000 fluorescence spectrometer. As for where to go for identification, this point needs to be seen, because the domestic antique collection network market is quite chaotic, a little careless may be cheated.

Only here to give you a little advice, most of the domestic testing organizations are crooks, it is best to go to find the kind of "national" word at the beginning of the testing organization, such as the "International Academy of Sciences Institute of cultural relics detection and identification", because in China only State-recognized institutions will be with the word of the country, this point requires you to make a judgment.

3. Cultural relics and antiques, antiques, works of art of the difference

In recent years, with the city's tourism and collection of the booming development of the cause of the private sector requires the establishment of a standardized antiques and works of art market calls for increasing, but *** the relevant departments of the staff and part of the collection of enthusiasts, in how to correctly understand cultural relics and antiques, antiques, works of art of the dialectical relationship between the presence of vague understanding, leading to the city's antiques and works of art of the city's antiques and works of art of the dialectic relationship. Fuzzy understanding, resulting in the city's antiques and art market development is slow as well as individual collection of enthusiasts appear behavior is not standardized phenomenon. Recently, the reporter visited the city part of the professionals, on this issue was discussed.

The city museum, a teacher who wished to remain anonymous, told reporters that, according to the provisions of the "Protection of Cultural Relics Law", cultural relics is a non-renewable cultural resources, the Chinese people *** and the country's territory of the underground, inland waters and territorial waters in the remains of all cultural relics, belonging to the state all. At the same time, the Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics also clearly stipulates that the ownership of cultural relics owned by collectives or individuals, as well as other cultural relics acquired in accordance with the law, is protected by law. What we usually refer to as antiques, curiosities and works of art should specifically refer to the part of cultural relics collected by the private sector that are not prohibited from being traded by the State. Citizens legally owned cultural relics, the law allows its mutual exchange or transfer and circulation in accordance with the law.

"After figuring out the legal concept of cultural relics, then explain the meaning of antiques, curiosities and works of art is relatively easy." I municipal CPPCC member, the city collection association president Liu Baolin introduced, "antiques, antiques and curiosities all refer to antiquities, is a different way of expressing things. Before the Qing Dynasty, people called the precious antiques 'bone antique', and then gradually changed to antiques, antiques. After the establishment of the Republic of China, *** stepped in to protect important antiquities and monuments, and set up the corresponding institutions, so the term 'cultural relics' appeared. As many cultural relics have high artistic appreciation value, so collection enthusiasts also generalized it as collecting art. An antique, for the cultural relics department is cultural relics, because it has cultural protection value; for investors is antiques, because it has value-added value; for collectors is antique art, because it has artistic appreciation value. The state for the protection of cultural relics considerations, for non-national treasures of cultural relics, to encourage the 'treasure in the people', and to allow the private circulation according to law, which paves the way for the development of the private collection business and the rise of the antique art market."

Since the reform and opening up, art investment and stock investment and real estate investment and known as the three major investment hotspots, the momentum of its development has become more and more intense trend. Not long ago, the provincial capital of Zhengzhou, an auction house to 10.5 million yuan of the price of a Ru porcelain treasures, see how powerful the attraction of the antique art market to foreign investment. Jiaozuo region has a long history, the people, folk collectibles are extremely rich, the state allows the circulation of countless antiques. Once, the reporter in-depth Boai County, a rural farmer interviews, in a pile of pig manure next to kick out an ancient pottery, thus showing that the civil protection of cultural relics awareness of the thin. Similar to these resources if properly protected and organized development, will be the healthy development of the city's antiques and art market and the tourism industry upgrading play a role in promoting not to be underestimated. Liu Baolin exclaimed: "In view of this, we are very necessary to clarify the concept of cultural relics, antiques, antiques and works of art on the basis of active protection of national cultural relics resources, while accelerating the pace of construction of antiques and works of art market, to avoid interference in the phenomenon of private collection and exchange of activities due to the lack of individual law enforcement officers of the relevant laws and knowledge of cultural relics, and efforts to make The city's antiques and art market construction, towards the direction of healthy development conducive to the inheritance of traditional culture, enhancement of economic level, to create a charming city."

4. Antique collection need to pay attention to what feng shui common sense

From the point of view of numerology, not everyone is suitable for the collection of this kind of antique curio.

Because these antiques and curiosities, belonging to the traditional culture, itself has its five attributes. If a person's eight characters, is the food god injured official for use, or the star of wealth for use, then it is very taboo collection of antiques and curiosities.

Because antiques and curiosities are in the ten gods of numerology, in the position of the seal. You see, like Xu Ziqi, this kind of, certainly avoid wearing antiques and curiosities.

For example, if you are a friend of the earth, you should not wear antiques. Only those who have a star for use, eight inside with Huagai, with Taiji nobleman, only suitable for the collection of antiques and curiosities, but this kind of people temperament, looks and often very strange.

So, you see those collectors, eight out of ten are born with a different look, that's how it comes, and not without reason.

5. Antique collection need to pay attention to what problems

What are the precautions of antique collection? Antique collection can make both economic and cultural organic combination, so that the public correctly invested in the wealth of value-added preservation, but also enable people to purify the mind, sublimation of life, obviously, antique collection of many benefits, but at the same time the risk coexists.

So, what are the precautions for antique collection? First, the collector where they do not understand, or can not get things, must not go to buy, otherwise, the money is likely to "bleed"! "Change of name"! This is because the antique industry "water is very deep". Second, the collector can not "close the door to build a car", self-righteousness, and can not have "Laozi world first" idea, and can not be compared to the book catalogue to go shopping, to participate in the practice, you must learn to swim in the swimming will swim.

Engaged in cultural relics, antiques collection and appreciation of the best learning method is "9 +1", that is: a reading, nine points of practice. At the same time to read more national professional textbooks, can not be some of the market commodity books, auction catalogs or online price misleading, not to be part of the businessman or a few experts "poisoned needle, irrigation of honey-water brainwashing", always keep a clear head, do a collector to understand.

Third, the collector to overcome greed, do not have to pick up the big leaks, the idea of getting rich overnight to engage in antiques, in the purchase of goods, where encounter, encounter things are to be considered in depth in many ways. Because antiques is a complex, but also special "special zone" industry, where deep water, the surface seems calm, in fact, the current is fast, a little careless, will be swallowed up by the "ghosts and gods" in the water, always beware of "civilized theft". Theft of civilization".

Fourth, the collector must strictly select antique identification experts, can not only look at some experts head a road of positions, titles, halo, to focus on the expert "pulse diagnosis" of the actual experience. Its experts are like a Chinese medicine, diagnosis is correct, the right medicine, it is good for health, otherwise, it will jeopardize health, and even harm people's lives.

Only choose the right expert, in order to completely avoid the "blind doctor" blindness, choose the expert the most basic three major points: the first point, the requirements of the expert must have national qualifications, online verification; the second point, the requirements of the expert must be clear interpretation of its material eight elements: 1. clear name of the artifacts; 2. clear age. 3; 3.clear origin; 4.clear distinction between official and civilian weapons; 5.clear texture; 6.clear process characteristics; 7.clear character; 8.clear valuation (for reference only); the third point, the expert is required to "identification errors, responsible for the compensation", "both sides signed, according to the rules of the road! ". Only signing, in order to clarify the responsibilities of both parties, rights and obligations; only guarantee compensation, in order to avoid as far as possible a part of a small number of bad experts malice or good faith mistakes, and ultimately promote the experts to standardize their behavior, the amount of money, strict self-discipline.

I think: antique identification experts are not omnipotent, especially in the face of the market appraisal valuation experts, more is not omnipotent, because the antique collection involves everything, encyclopedias, experts are people and not God. Therefore, more should regulate the work of experts behavior, where experts can not clearly interpret the above eight elements of the antique "difficult", can not charge, not to speak freely.

Only in this way can we try to avoid the service and be served by both sides of the error, treasure holders (collectors) will not be misled by the experts and eat the "bitter fruit". Here, I also incidentally say a point: it is strictly forbidden to experts in the identification process (paid treasure identification services) to buy any collection, otherwise, it is cheating.

I think the treasure experts can not be both "referee", but also when the "athlete", otherwise, it is also deceiving the world. Fifth, the collector must be their own collections and the market.

The market is like a temperature meter, its collection of high price, low price, is true, is false, the reaction "hot and cold" the most effective. Specific method is: the collector himself do not show up in the market directly, can be assigned to his family, or trusted friends, employees will get the collection of cultural relics, antiques market inquiries or pretending to sell, visit one hundred, one thousand households and listen to a wide range of people's views, the results of the natural clear, this is also one of the shortcuts of antiques evidence and truth-seeking.

Six, the collector must have a forward-looking vision, rather than over the market to collect all kinds of fine, intact pieces, do not be greedy for cheap, collect road goods, low-grade goods, ragged goods. Only in this way, in order to make its investment in the wealth of value-added preservation faster, more reliable, more stable.

The prerequisite for this proposition is inevitably the collector according to their own hobbies. Seven, the collector must be rational and degree of treatment of antiques, I suggest: Where the purchase value of more than ten thousand yuan of antique collectibles, to sign an agreement with the transferor (seller), where the value of more than one hundred thousand yuan of collectibles, more with each other both signed agreements, but also through the judicial department notarized.

The seller must be required to sell their collections fidelity, otherwise, the agreement unconditional return. Where the relationship involving the sale of interests, only signing a clear responsibility of both parties, rights and obligations, in order to use laws and regulations to protect their legitimate collection rights and interests; in order to avoid being cheated as much as possible.

Why do I want to put forward here antique trading must be signed? This is because the traditional virtues of my Chinese civilization is: to help people, do good for this, and today part of the antique world is the opposite, some people encountered each other do not know the goods, he not only does not help others to explain the age and value, but instead of "pick up the leak" or the means of cheating to count each other to win for the skills, for the honor, for the pride. The Because of the existence of this widespread phenomenon, I call on the collection of enthusiasts, "the heart of the harm can not be, the heart of the prevention of people can not be," it must be clear that the importance of money out of the shopping, the importance of signing the agreement and the necessity of it.

Here, I also believe that: the antique world, "pick up the leakage" can only show that the expertise ahead of the win, absolutely does not represent the evolution of morality! Eight, collectors should be clear crafts and antiques and cultural relics of the two boundaries. Where the collection of artifacts, the first should choose the material advantages and disadvantages and expensive, the second is to focus on its artistic characteristics, features and major elements, where the collection of antiques, cultural relics, should be clear when the collection of the age of the near and far, and then focus on its artistic and comprehensive features.

Everyone in the collection of the road, only the first clear direction and then go to work, in order to seek truth, pragmatic when a successful collector. Nine, collectors in the transfer (sale) collection should also be careful to prevent the community a few treasure experts and some bad auction companies, antique business organizations collusion to play the "contract word game", "do the cage", "to engage in sub-accounts ", working together to seek black profit, must not hold a greedy high price, "touch the big prize.

6. China's "Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics" on the management of folk collection of cultural relics made what provisions

① folk collection of cultural relics of lawful ways: inheritance or acceptance of gifts, according to law, purchased from the store of cultural relics, from the operation of cultural relics auction auction enterprises to buy, the citizens of personal legal ownership of cultural relics mutual exchange or transfer in accordance with the law, the state provides for the other legal ways; ② folk collection of cultural relics the circulation of law: the source of illegal cultural relics shall not be bought and sold; ③ state monitoring of private collection of cultural relics: private collection of cultural relics, is strictly prohibited to sell for profit, is strictly prohibited to sell to foreigners; ④ cultural relics stores and auction enterprises: in addition to the approved cultural relics stores, auction enterprises operating cultural relics auctions, any other unit or individual shall not be operated in the acquisition of cultural relics and cultural relics of the business activities of the commercial business.

7. What is the difference between cultural relics, antiques and curiosities

"Cultural relics" refers to the historical legacy of the cultural development of the history of the valuable things, is a valuable historical and cultural heritage of mankind, such as buildings, monuments and a variety of works of art.

"Antique" refers to artifacts handed down from ancient times, which can be used as a reference for understanding ancient culture. "The so-called "bone" takes the meaning of flesh decaying but bone surviving, which means preserving the essence of the past; the so-called "Dong" means to know, to understand.

"Antiques" means knowing the essence of the many legacies of the ancients. As for the [ancient], in fact, "antique", "antique" and "antique" is the same meaning, only due to the change of the times, people call it differently.

From the comparison of cultural relics and antiques or antiques, cultural relics in the time covered by the greater than antiques or antiques, because cultural relics can be ancient, can be modern or contemporary, as long as it is an excellent cultural products can be included in the category of cultural relics. While antiques and curiosities are not, modern and contemporary things can not be called antiques and curiosities.

Because many cultural relics have a high artistic appreciation value, so the collection of enthusiasts and generalized as a collection of works of art. An ancient work of art, for the cultural relics department is cultural relics, because it has cultural protection value; for investors is antiques, because it has value-added value; for collectors is antique art, because it has artistic appreciation value.

The state for the protection of cultural relics considerations, for non-national treasures of cultural relics, to encourage the "treasure in the people", and allows the private circulation according to law, which paves the way for the development of private collection and the rise of the antique art market.