The four modes of traditional management organization are

1 analysis of traditional organization theory

1. 1 analysis of classical organization theory

Classical organization theory includes scientific management theory founded by Taylor and others in the early 20th century, Fa Yueer's administrative management theory and Max? 6? 1 Weber's bureaucratic model theory. The main contribution of classical organization theory lies in systematizing, theorizing and scientificizing organizational problems for the first time.

Taylor's scientific management theory includes the early germination of organization theory, which mainly includes setting up planning department, implementing functional system and implementing exception principle. The main organizational theories of Fa Yueer's administrative management theory are as follows: ① Five basic functions of management are put forward from the perspective of organizational management process; ② 14 put forward the basic principles of management from the perspective of organizational function; (3) Put forward the concept of hierarchical organization management scope; Fourthly, the establishment of enterprise functional institutions is studied, and the organizational structure of linear functional system is constructed; ⑤ In order to solve the problem of internal management efficiency, the concept of "Fa Yueer Bridge" was put forward. "Father of Organization Theory" Max? 6? Weber (1) is a famous sociologist and organist in Germany. His main contribution to the organization theory is to put forward the "ideal administrative organization system" with the "bureaucratic model" as the main body. Max. 6? 1 Weber thinks that the organizational structure should be "hierarchical structure", and hierarchical organization is an ideal organizational model. Max. 6? 1 Weber believes that legal authority is the cornerstone of building an organization; Any kind of human organization should be based on a certain authority. Without authority, it is impossible for an organization to act in unison and achieve the same goal. There are three pure forms of legal authority: rational basis, traditional basis and sacred basis, but only legal authority is the basis of bureaucratic organization.

Classical organization theory mainly studies the division of labor and activity arrangement within an organization, which provides a good theoretical guidance for the rationalization of division of labor and activity arrangement within an organization and the construction of internal systems. The starting point of all classical organization theories is to improve the management efficiency of enterprise organizations. Classical organization theory is built around four pillars, namely, division of labor, hierarchy and intelligent methods, structure and control scope theory.

1.2 Analysis of Neoclassical Organization Theory

Neo-classical organization theory is based on hierarchical structure, and at the same time absorbs the views of psychology and sociology on "group". The characteristics of neoclassical organization theory are: in the relationship between centralization and decentralization, it advocates decentralization relatively, so that organization members can participate more in decision-making to improve their enthusiasm; From the organizational form, it tends to be flat organizational structure and advocates departmentalization. Neoclassical organization theory is sometimes called behavioral science organization theory, because its organization theory mainly comes from psychology, social psychology and sociology, and its advocates and founders are also researchers from these fields.

Neo-classical organization theory widely accepted the viewpoint of classical organization theory, but emphasized the importance of social groups to organizational efficiency, and made important amendments to some main defects of classical organization theory. An important feature of neoclassical organization theory is that it pays more attention to the important role of people in the organization, and has begun an in-depth study of the behavior of organization members. The most noteworthy research activity is the Hawthorne experiment led by Mayo. The conclusion of this experiment is that employees are "social people" rather than "economic people", and there are "informal organizations" in enterprises. The new leadership ability lies in improving employee satisfaction and Hawthorne effect. Representative theoretical achievements in neoclassical organization theory are: ① Maslow's hierarchy of needs, ② Herzberg's two-factor theory, ③ McLelland's incentive demand theory, ④ McGregor's "X-Y theory", and ⑤ Porter-Lawler model proposed by Porter and Lawler.

1.3 Theoretical Analysis of Other Traditional Organizations

In addition to classical organization theory and neoclassical organization theory, some theories that occupy an important position in the field of organization research include: system theory, holistic ecology theory, resource dependence theory, new institutional organization theory and transaction cost theory.

In 1960s, with the development of system theory, organization theory began to move towards the road of system analysis. Strictly speaking, the theory of system organization is not a single theory, but the general name of three theoretical schools, namely, the social system school developed in the 1930s and the social technology school and contingency system theory produced in the 1960s. They have one thing in common, that is, they all regard enterprise organization as a system, so they are collectively called system theory. Social system school studies organizations from the perspective of sociology, and regards the relationship between people in enterprise organizations as a cooperative social system. Its founder is Chester? 6? 1 Barnard; Chester? 6? 1 Barnard believes that an organization is a cooperative system in which two or more people consciously coordinate their activities. Organizations are in a specific environment, not only formal organizations, but also informal organizations. The school of social technology systems is formed on the basis of the school of social systems, and the main representative of this school is Lester. The school of social technology system thinks that an organization is both a social system and a technical system, and attaches great importance to the technical system, which is regarded as the intermediary between the organization and the environment. In system theory, contingency system theory has a strong lineup and the most far-reaching influence. The representatives of this school are Woodward, Stoke, Caster and Rosenzweik. Contingency system school thinks that the relationship between an organization and other organizations and environments depends on specific situations, and refuses to accept the viewpoint of "all-round" principle and structure in classical organization theory, and thinks that organizations are conventional and have certain adaptability.

The theory of new institutional organization is closely related to new institutional economics. The new institutional organization theory came into being in 1970s, but it was the darling of the organization theory in 1990s. The main representatives of the new institutional organization theory are Mo Yue, Lu Wang and Scott. The school of new institutional organization theory believes that organizations not only operate in a certain technical environment, but also survive in a certain institutional environment.