"What is the most beautiful flower in the world?" Chen Sheng failed to honor the "rich and noble can not be forgotten" killed his childhood friend after claiming the throne

Many sensational peasant uprisings tend to take place not on big rivers and huge waves, but capsize in their throats and kill each other in small sewers. In past peasant uprisings, nearly two dozen leaders have died in murders or assassinations that led to the failure of uprisings.

Throughout the dynasty, few peasants have revolted in unison, genuinely united in honor and ****. Instead, open and secret fighting seemed to be a pattern that always accompanied them through thick and thin. Very often, this behavior determined the victory or defeat of the peasant wars and the fate of each individual.

The Chinese people have always had an old tradition of "pain", and the cruelty of wasting talent is rare in the world. People tend to simply attribute this to national inferiority, which seems to be the original sin of some people.

In this regard, Chen Sheng and Guangwu should also be mentioned. As a leader, it would be difficult to manage such a large and rapidly rising army without knowing how to handle people. When joining various factions, all sorts of people would play tricks for their own interests. Therefore, infighting is always accompanied by uprisings. This character was not something they cultivated, but grew in their bones.

Chen Sheng, who became the king of Zhang Chu, no longer "forgets the rich and the powerful" in front of the rich and the powerful. First, he killed his childhood friend who came to see him, and then he chose unprofessional people and killed them indiscriminately, making everyone centrifugal. Soon, Zhou Wen was defeated by the fierce Qin Zhang Han, and the Qin army was so powerful that it approached Liu Chen from the east. At his wit's end, Chen Sheng ran wild and was eventually killed by his own driver, Zhuang Jia, in the lower city. At the time of the founding of new China, Zhang Chu's Chen Sheng was quickly and completely wiped out in the competition, the inevitable result of insufficient thinking, organization and preparation skills.

Unfortunately, the first person to eat the crab was eventually killed by the crab.

During the five-year battle for the throne of Chu and Han, Xiang Yu's Jianghuai rebel army and Liu Bang's northern Suzhou rebel army were in a fierce battle. Because of the violence against violence heroic battle, involving the elimination of *** with the enemy -, after the Qin power redistribution. At this point, the two brothers did not sit down to discuss and negotiate peacefully, nor did they find a reasonable way to resolve the dispute and *** with build the country. Rather, the winner is the king and the loser is the enemy, backed by force. Therefore, seizing power and advocating violence is the greatest choice and the basic code of conduct for all peasant insurgents. This is a fact both at home and abroad, and infighting has become an inevitable law of power struggle. After the founding of the state, Liu Bang was essentially an internal struggle aimed at eradicating the behavior of kings with different surnames. The fact that the new kingship waged war on the basis of factions and purged non-faction forces that threatened the kingship was the real reason for the eventual deaths of a generation of outstanding talents such as Han Xin, Ying Bu and Peng Yue.

Li Zicheng's army entered the capital at the end of the Ming Dynasty and left Beijing in a hurry after only 49 days. To put it bluntly, it was also the result of infighting. Its curse was planted when Li Yan killed her by mistake. Although Li Yan was not Li Zicheng's beloved, he was a dreamer who made great contributions to Li Zicheng's cause. At that time, after Li Zicheng's army entered Henan, there were four famous propositions: firstly, he advocated eliminating violence and peace, recruiting talents to purify people's hearts; secondly, he persuaded the public to publicize and educate, and carried out the war of public opinion; thirdly, he suggested to rectify the discipline of the army, not to make any mistake in the autumn, and punished the corrupt officials to pacify the people's hearts; and 4. he persuaded himself to generously help the poor people with the wealth of his family. These "four letters" were the voices of the people of Henan, so they all went to Li Yan to find Li Zicheng. Usually, Li Yan was far-sighted and not greedy for money. He made a special trip to Zhuo Li, so he was jealous of the corrupt tycoon Niu Jinxing.

History records: "Li Yanzhe therefore advised Zicheng not to kill. And trapped in the capital, protect the Empress Yi An, make himself. It has nothing to do with the taboos such as Shishu, No Kao and Venus. Dingzhou was defeated. There are many counties in Henan that have recruited themselves. Please send an army to the rocks. Yin Jinxing told himself, "Yan has a rough idea that it can not be put down by people for a long time. "Henan, the home of rock, can not pretend to be a soldier, eighteen sons divination is not rock." Because of its desire. Homemade Venus drank the rock and killed it. Group of thieves impeachment."

Li Yanzhi's death decided the final fate of Li Zicheng's army. Because the people of Henan are following Li Yan to rebel, and now Li Yan is dead, gone and left in Henan. Hao shangqi left the army and the army dispersed. The killing of such an outstanding figure as Li Yan, a talented man who had done so much for the revolt and rebellion and might have done even more, was destroyed by his companions. The essence of the matter was the infighting between two ideological and cultural forces in the rebellion. The primitive rebels and the extreme egoists prepare the coffins for their own careers by violently depriving the dreamers of their voice and preventing them from being properly advised.

The mutiny of the Twisted Army was a more prominent problem than that of other peasant insurgent armies. For example, Lu'an, Huoqiu, Fengyang and other counties fell one after another, all because there were traitors among them; when Sangerjin Qin's army attacked Zhiheji, a group of Twisted Troopers surrendered, which greatly weakened the Twisted Troopers, and the north of Huaihuai region was soon occupied by the Qing army. The main leaders of the twisted army Zhang Lexing, Ren Huabang died at the hands of traitors. The reasons for this phenomenon were manifold: on the one hand, the composition of the Twisted Army was complex, with a constant influx of refugees and proletarians, and even some small and medium-sized landowners who "set things right". These people with little political opinion were easily bribed by the Qing army. On the other hand, Zhang Lexing, the main leader, was also "wooed" by the Qing officials. Although he insisted on fighting until the end, his own stain inevitably affected his self-confidence in fighting against the tendency to surrender. There were also some key leaders who made inappropriate appointments. They did not realize the importance of purity and unity within the army.

The success of uprisings through the ages has depended largely not on the leader's personal character but on his political ability, the most important of which is the vision of talent selection and institutional innovation. We should be good at selecting candidates, keep our eyes peeled, and pay attention to removing "moths" from the revolutionary team. Of course, in the historical conditions of the time, this is also very difficult to realize.

These bloody events have repeatedly sacrificed the richness of China's political language, the "Battle of the Bird's Nest".

Peasant uprisings are not ultimately based on advanced thought and culture, vision, strategic talent, the material conditions necessary for an uprising, and the science and technology to create them, but on raw violence. It promotes the violent law of the jungle. When it comes to disputes over rights or ideological differences at home and abroad, it tends to focus on violence to finally solve the problem. Bloody infighting became the internal cause of the insurgency that went from victory to decline and finally to defeat and deterioration.

In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, a powerful uprising broke out in the vast land stretching from Yueyang in the east to Zhijiang in the west, and from Public Security in the north to the border with Changsha in the south, in the form of the Zhongxiang and Yangmer revolts. Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty sent his close friends to conquer and suppress it, but basically failed. The reason is that the rebels can "spring and summer farming, fall and winter when the water in the lake village harvest grain, the old can not get the bunk when all the people out to fight, the official army land and water attack into the lake", so as to combat the enemy flexibly. They have two "mace": first, the implementation of the military and agricultural combination of the reserve system, you can do big things at a small cost; second, the water guerrilla warfare perfect as fire. The strategy of Zhong Xiang and Yang Mo was similar to that of the Liangshan warriors in Water Margin. Indeed, the prototype of Shi's work came from this righteous army, not Song Jiang's troops. As for Shi deliberately "replacing others", probably for the novel! Later the court sent Yue Fei to suppress it. This "national hero" really had a way of killing his own countrymen. First, he narrowed the circle, and second, he sent spies to disrupt it. The generals of the insurgent army were lured by the high officials to surrender to Yue and start internal reforms. The insurgent army was then overrun, the water guerrillas lost their advantage, and Yang Mo attempted suicide by throwing himself into the lake. In order to get a chance to court him, Huang Cheng cut off the head of his old leader Yang Mo with his sword and then went to Yue Fei to show off his achievements. The uprising, which lasted six years, had just ended.

It is evident that there is wildness in human nature. Perhaps, wildness is the birthmark of human beings, and this birthmark is more prominent in the peasant insurgents. It is this hard-to-break inferiority complex that keeps them torn up inside.

Perhaps, when the leaders of these peasant uprisings come to the end of their lives, they will regret their mistakes, or feel ashamed for not having achieved the final victory, so they will say on their deathbeds: My whole life, my whole energy, has been dedicated to the greatest cause in the world,, fighting with others!