The Historical Origin of Huizhou Architecture

The historical origin of Huizhou architecture;

In ancient Huizhou, the wind of respecting ancestors prevailed in Dunben, and ancestral halls were built in every village, including ancestral halls, branch temples and family temples. According to the "send the garden to send the place", "there are no people who live together and have mixed surnames. Its wind is the latest. In and out of the teeth, the surname is unified by the ancestral temple. When I was old, I was in Rafe, and all the surnames in the village got together and sacrificed the gifts from Zhu Wengong's family. "

There are more than 30 ancestral halls in Nanping Village, Yixian County, which are large in scale and small in scale, forming a group of ancestral halls with quaint styles. There are eight 200-meter-long ancestral halls in Hengdian Street in front of the village. "Preface Hall" and "Shicheng Ancestral Hall" are two major ancestral halls.

There are also three shrines and three shrines, which can be called the museum of feudal patriarchal clan system in China. In ancient Huizhou, the famous families built temples, expanded their buildings and built sub-temples, and the scale was better than that of Qionglou Yuyu to show the prosperity of the family.

These ancestral halls are all made of huge and thick materials, and some even use a whole piece of wood with a length of 6.7 meters, a height of 1 m and a width of 80 cm as the moon beam; Use a whole big wood with a circumference of 2.3 meters and a height of 7.8 meters as a church column; Excavate a whole large stone slab with a length of 10 meter and a width of more than 5 meters as a step.

The "Enjoy Hall" and "Sleep Hall" of the ancestral hall are all made of precious wood with the same color, such as Ginkgo biloba, which is called "Ginkgo Hall". There is also a heavy beam stack, which is called "Bailiang Hall". Most of the ancestral halls are "Five Pagodas" with high walls and upturned corners. The whole ancestral hall is solemn and solemn, which embodies the sacred majesty of clan laws and regulations.

Architectural features:

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 84 archways in Shexian County, where houses and ancestral halls were everywhere. There are also many ancient bridges, temples and pagodas. When people walk into Shexian, it seems as if they have walked into a museum of classical architectural art. Wuyuan, the most beautiful village in China, completely retains all the charm of ancient Huizhou.

Its structure is mostly multi-courtyard type (the small one is mostly three-courtyard type), generally sitting north to south, facing the mountain and facing the water. The layout is symmetrically divided by the central axis, with three rooms wide, a hall in the middle and rooms on both sides. The front of the hall is called "patio", which has lighting and ventilation, and also has the auspicious meaning of "four waters return to the hall"

The overall appearance and aesthetic feeling of the residential building are very strong. The high walls are closed, and the horse's head is called "martial arts" and the founder is called "literature". The wall lines are patchy, with black tiles and white walls, and the colors are elegant and generous.

In decoration, brick, wood and stone carving techniques are often used, such as the door cover of brick carving, the leaking window of stone carving, the window lattice of wood carving and the pillars of wood carving, which make the whole building beautiful and poetic. As a traditional architectural school, Huizhou architecture is simple, simple and rich, and still maintains its unique artistic style.